Types of volcanic eruptions

1. VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
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2. VOLCANIC ERUPTION
ERUPTION
Magma is released from a
volcanic vent.
Effusive
− Lava flows like a thick, sticky
liquid.
Explosive
− Fragmented rock, gas and
ashes
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4. HAWAIIAN ERUPTIONS
IMPORTANT FEATURES
Fluid basaltic lava is thrown into
the air in jets from a vent or line
of vents (a fissure) at the summit
or on the flank of a volcano.
Lava flows can travel miles from
their source before they cool and
harden.
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5. STROMBOLIAN ERUPTION
IMPORTANT FEATURES
Fluid lava bursts from the
mouth of a magma-filled
summit conduit.
Explosions happening at
irregular intervals of time.
Eruptive products: spatter,
scoria, lava bombs, ash and
lava flows.
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6. VULCANIAN ERUPTION
IMPORTANT FEATURES
Short, violent explosion of
viscous magma.
It results from the rupture
of a lava dome.
Powerful explosions (350 m/s)
May be repetitive (days,
months or years)

7. SURTSEYAN ERUPTION
IMPORTANT FEATURES
Lava interacts with water.
Undersea volcanoes grow
large enough to break the
water surface (plumes of
ash)

8. PLINIAN ERUPTION
IMPORTANT FEATURES
The largest and most violent
of all.
Caused by the
fragmentation of gassy
magma.
Ash can drift or be blown at
very long distances away
from the volcano.
Extremely destructive
eruptions.
Often climatic (period of
inactivity after eruption)