1. The document discusses how teachers can structure the classroom environment to influence student behavior. 2. Key factors include the physical environment like seating, displays, and conditions, as well as establishing clear procedures and rules. 3. Teachers must consider student culture and provide guidance to develop shared norms that facilitate learning.

1. Structuring the Environment
Kevin
Annas

2. Introduction
• Psychologists have long believed that behavior
is influenced by the events and conditions
• Antecedents may increase the likelihood that
appropriate behavior will take place or may
set the stage for the occurrence of
misbehavior
• Teachers should examine 2 most crucial
variables

3. Designing the Physical Classroom
Environment
• Environmental Conditions
• Seating Arrangements
• Bulletin Boards and Display Areas

4. Environmental Conditions
• Concerned about classroom conditions such
as heating, lightning, ventilation, and noise
• Teachers must ensure the physical
environment of the classroom is the most
appropriate one for learning

5. Seating Arrangements
• Should be flexible enough to accommodate
and facilitate various learning activities that
occur in the classroom
• Allows the teacher to be in close to all
students
• Classroom should be neat and uncluttered

6. Bulletin Boards and Display Areas
• Look at Case 6.1 and Case 6.2 at page 134 -
135

7. Establishing Classroom Guidelines
• Classroom Procedures
• Classroom Rules

8. Classroom Procedures
• Procedures are directed at accomplishing
something
• Procedures are taught to students through
examples and demonstrations
• The use of natural and logical consequences is
quite appropriate for students who fail to
follow procedural guidelines

9. Classroom Rules
• Divided into six processes :
- The Need For Rules
- Determining Necessary Rules
- Developing Consequences
- Communicating Rules
- Obtaining Commitments
- Teaching and Evaluating

10. The Need For Rules
• The dynamism cause human behavior to be
highly sensitive to differing conditions across
situations
• Rules should be directed at organizing the
learning environment

11. Determining Necessary Rules
• Teachers must develop a list of rules that is
fair and realistic
• Rules that are so developed and rationalized
make sense to students because they are not
arbitrary
• Teachers who develop student-directed
approach may provide students to develop
rules with guidance of the teacher

12. Developing Consequences
• Students who choose not to follow classroom
rules should experience consequences
• There is some debate about whether or not
students should know what the consequences
will be
• Three types of consequence :
natural, logical, and contrived

13. Developing Consequences
• The use of painful punishment has been and
remains a highly controversial issue
• Punishment does not help the child to
examine the motivation behind the behavior

14. Communicating Rules
• Teachers must communicate rules clearly to
the students
• The manner in which rules are phrased is
important

15. Obtaining Commitments
• Look at the cases (143, 144, 145)

16. Teaching and Evaluating
• Students needs practice & feedback.
• New activities require procedures & rules.
• Teaching & evaluating students by
understanding the rules.
• Analyzing the classroom environment.

17. The cultural embeddedness of rules
and guidelines
• Teacher must aware students come from a a
variety of cultural backgrounds.
• Cultural synchronization between teachers &
students.
• African Americans tends to be more high key.
• Cultural differences.

18. Creating group norms to structure
appropriate behavior
• Develop its own culture.
• 4 skills needed for effectively groups.
• Forming skills.
• Functioning skills.
• Formulating skills.
• Fermenting skills.

19. Conclusion
• Although teachers have no control over the
size of classrooms, they can control seating
arrangements and use of bulletin boards
• Classroom guidelines are needed for routine
activities and general classroom behavior
• The culture of the school and the students
must be synchronized to increase positive
behavior