1. Arvind Kumar
Dissemination and Community of Practice for
newly developed drought tolerant QTLs
pyramided lines
G4011.04
Detecting and fine mapping QTLs with major
effects on rice yield under drought stress for
deployment via marker aided breeding
G3007.05

2. Outlines
• Major QTLs for grain yield under drought in
background of high yielding popular varieties
• Marker assisted introgression and pyramiding of
QTLs in popular varieties Vandna, IR64, Sambha
Mahsuri, Swarna
• Is rice different from other cereals for gains in
yield under drought?
• Products, partners, capacity building
• Conclusions

3. Major QTLs for grain yield under drought
• Efforts initiated in 2002-03
• Based on grain yield per se
• To identify large effect QTLs in the
background of high yielding
popular varieties
• Validate effect of identified QTLs in
different environments, different
genetic backgrounds
• Up to 2013, studied over 50
mapping populations (17 publications
just on QTL identification: Bernier et al. 2007,
Venuprasad et al. 2009, Bernier et a. 2009,
Venuprasad et al. 2009A, Venuprasad et al. 2009B,
Vikram t al. 2011, Swamy et al. 2011, Dixit et al.
2012, Ghimire et al. 2012, Vikram et al. 2012, Dixit
et al., 2012, Mishra et al. 2013, Yadaw et al. 2013,
Swamy et al. 2013, Dixit et al. Sub, Alvin et al.
Subm., Nitika et al. Subm.)
2013DS, IRRI

4. QTLs Donors Backgrounds Ecosystems
qDTY1.1
N22, Dhagaddeshi, Apo, CT9993-
10-1-M, Kali Aus, Basmati 334 Swarna, IR64, MTU1010 Lowland, Upland
qDTY2.1 Apo, AUS 276 Swarna, MTU1010 Lowland
qDTY2.2 Aday sel, Kali Aus
MTU1010, IR64,
Sambha Mahsuri Lowland, Upland
qDTY2.3 N22, IR74371-46-1-1 IR64, Sabitri Upland, Lowland
qDTY3.1 Apo, IR55419-04 Swarna, TDK 1 Lowland
qDTY3.2
N22, IR772978-5-6-18, IR74371-
46-1-1, Moroberekan Swarna, Sabitri Lowland, Upland
qDTY4.1 Aday Sel IR64, Sambha Mahsuri Lowland
qDTY6.1 Apo, Vandna, IR55419-04 Swarna, IR72, TDK 1 Upland, Lowland
qDTY6.2 IR55419-04 TDK 1 Lowland
qDTY8.1 Basmati 334 Swarna Lowland
qDTY9.1 Aday sel IR64 Lowland
qDTY10.1 N22, Aday sel, Basmati 334 IR64, MTU1010, Swarna Lowland
qDTY11.1 IR55419-04 Sambha Mahsuri Lowland
qDTY12.1 Way Rarem, IR74371-46-1-1 Vandna, Sabitri Upland, Lowland
QTLs for GY under drought identified at IRRI

5. Major QTLs: grain yield under drought in rice
Over all picture on QTL study:
• Fourteen QTLs identified
• Nine QTLs: showed effect against two or more genetic backgrounds.
• Six : showed effect in both lowland and upland ecosystem
• Six QTLs: showed effect against two or more genetic backgrounds as
well as in both lowland and upland ecosystems
In the background of popular high yielding variety:
• 5 QTLs: qDTY1.1, qDTY2.1,qDTY3.1, qDTY3.2 and qDTY8.1 in Swarna;
• 4 QTLs: qDTY2.2, qDTY4.1, qDTY9.1, qDTY10.1, qDTY1.1, qDTY2.3 in IR64;
• 2 QTLs: qDTY12.1, qDTY3.1 in Sabitri;
• 3 QTLs: qDTY2.1, qDTY1.1, and qDTY10.1 in MTU1010;
• 3 QTLs: qDTY11.1, qDTY2.2, qDTY2.3 in Sambha Mahsuri;
• 3 QTLs: qDTY3.1, qDTY6.1,, qDTY6.2 in TDK 1;

6. Way Rarem Vandana IR90020:22-283-B-4-B
Genotypes
Upland severe stress Upland non- stress
GY DTF PHT BIO HI GY DTF PHT BIO HI
IR 84984-83-15-481-B 693 64 75 4160 0.17 2525 62 79 9584 0.29
IR 84984-21-19-78-B 478 66 74 3333 0.13 2996 65 89 10769 0.31
IR 90020:22-283-B-1-B 604 66 79 4160 0.14 3039 66 85 11610 0.29
IR 90020:22-283-B-4-B 515 67 77 4133 0.21 2245 68 84 7579 0.27
Vandana 27 70 79 2080 0.09 2127 68 91 10498 0.34
Apo 0.1 NF 57 226.7 0 2127 80 101 NA NA
SED 240 4 8 2151 0.13 813 5 8 3781 0.09
H 78.6 61.1 35.5 23.7 28.6 54.1 88.7 75.7 44.8 67.2
Apo
qDTY12.1introgressed in Vandna

7. DESIGNATION DTF-C DTF-D GY- C GY-D
IR 84984-83-15-110-B 62 80 5249 2099
IR 84984-83-15-481-B 61 78 5670 2343
IR 84984-83-15-862-B 62 79 4932 2146
IR 90019:17-159-B 60 78 4775 2268
IR 90019:22-283-B 60 78 5208 2410
VANDNA 60 81 4348 1799
WAY RAREM 90 90 4649 868
MEAN 64 81 4976 1998
LSD0.05 2 2 284 922
Vandna NIL lines yield in India
Vandna NILs are under testing in state trials in Jharkhand for
possible release in 2015.

8. VandnaIR 84984-83-15-481-B
Hazaribag, India, 2011 WS
First case of yield increase of a
drought tolerant cultivar
Increase in yield
9-30% in irrigated condition;
16-33% in moderate drought;
1670 - 2466% in severe drought

9. qDTY2.2, qDTY4.1 introgressed in IR64
IR64+ QTL line Drought Stress
2011DS, IRRI
Non-Stress
2011 DS, IRRI
+ QTL line IR64
IR64 QTL lines tested at 14 locations in India under AICRIP program;
Nepal (03), Bangladesh (01) and are in the process of being released as
varieties in India, Nepal and Bangladesh

10. IR64 QTL line with qDTY2.2, qDTY4.1 under
drought at IRRI: 2013DS

11. ENTRY
Rajsh
ahi
Nepal
ganj Raipur
Hydera
bad SS
Hydera
bad MS
Hazari
bag Rewa
IR87707-445-B-B 1525 3472 3956 1684 3800 1604 3731
IR87707-446-B-B 1933 2847 3614 1813 4057 1229 3899
IR87707-182-B-B 1508 2778 3419 1383 3604 1500 3509
IR 64 980 1597 2662 660 3085 958 2503
Trial mean 1269 2871 3413 1339 3636 1323 3410
LSD0.05 312 340 570 1878 1200 844 1818
IR64 QTLs lines yield: India, Nepal, Bangladesh 2012WS
ENTRY Rajshahi Nepalganj Raipur Rewa Faizabad
IR87707-446-B-B 4167 5990 5084 4100 5439
IR87707-445-B-B 4521 6302 5771 4911 6199
IR87707-182-B-B 4312 5078 5646 4513 6141
IR 64 3379 4297 4083 3586 4291
Trial mean 4011 5687 4694 3962 5323
LSD0.05 480 648 868 1840 528
GY under drought
GY under irrigated situation
Irrigated control -14-46% increase; Mild drought – 16-23% increase,
Moderate drought- 28-117% increase; Severe drought – 53-155% increase
Likely to be released in India, Nepal in 2013-14, Bangladesh 2015

12. IR64IR 87707-445-
B-B-B
IR 87707-182-
B-B-B
CRURRS, Hazaribag, India 2011 WS
Performance of IR64 QTL lines under
drought

13. qDTY2.2, qDTY4.1 introgressed in Sambha
Mahsuri: IRRI 2013DS
Line DTF-C HT-C GYKGPHA-D
IR99742-1-39-4-63 82 90 2063
IR99742-2-23-7-17 79 79 1979
IR99742-1-33-3-229 96 93 1814
IR99742-1-14-2-87 76 78 1753
IR99742-1-39-4-147 84 78 1649
IR99742-1-14-2-53 79 88 1582
IR99742-1-33-3-228 90 80 1559
IR99742-2-23-7-135 80 72 1447
IR99742-1-61-6-10 81 84 1368
IR99742-1-39-4-83 80 91 1352
IR99742-1-33-3-158 79 86 1340
Sambha Mahsuri 100 88 0
LSD0.05 970

14. Chr QTL Additive Effect Trait Donor
11 q DTY11.1 15% Yield -S IR55419-04
3 and 6 qDTY3.1 , q DTY6.1 35% Yield -S IR55419-04
3 qBl3.1 - Blast IR55419-04
MARS: Improving yield under drought and blast resistance
Second cycle of recurrent selection
Total samples: 7013, Samba Mahsuri grain type: 38, slender,
longer than Samba Mahsuri: 1045. 850 introgression lines
with QTLs fixed, in different combinations and having grain
quality similar to Samba Mahsuri, high grain weight selected
First cycle of recurrent selection
LIKE SAMBA
MAHSURI
SAMBA
MAHSURI
LONGER, SLENDER
THAN SAMBA MAHSURI

15. qDTY12.1, qDTY2.3, qDTY3.2 introgressed in IR64:
Earlier shown effect in upland in Vandna in upland
ENTRY DTF -C HT -C GY-C GY-D
IR99621-78-25 73 83 5460 3047
IR99621-33-1 76 123 6352 2947
IR99621-33-17 76 84 5605 2939
IR99621-33-11 77 124 5473 2929
IR99621-33-19 78 88 5864 2809
IR99621-33-15 78 127 5479 2743
IR99621-115-17 77 135 5231 2582
IR99621-115-26 78 127 6758 2527
IR64 79 87 4846 1607
LSD0.05 3 8 1556 801
H 75.7 97.6 70.1 76.2

16. Drought + Submergence Swarna: India
2013 DS
Entry DTF-C HT-C GY-D Submergence
IR96321-1686-199-B 106 68 2055 Tolerant
IR96321-315-325-B 109 64 2610 Tolerant
IR96321-1447-561-B 110 68 2438 Tolerant
Swarna 116 53 551 Susceptible
Swarna sub1 118 51 401 Tolerant
Designation DTF-C HT-C GY-D
IR94313:19-36-3-4-2-B 92 90 3474
IR94313:18-4-1-4-1-B 89 83 2852
IR94314-20-2-2-B 100 77 2834
IR88287-600-1-B-B-1-3-B 107 80 2508
IR94314-20-5-2-B 95 78 2767
IR94314-20-11-2-B 111 76 3055
IR94391-856-1-2-B 95 90 2741
Swarna 112 64 557
Swarna Sub1 110 61 456
LSD0.05 16 11 1230
Non-Swarna type drought tolerant lines: India, 2013DS

17. IR 74371-70-1-1:Sahbhagi dhan, BRRI dhan 56,
Sookha dhan 3
• A variety of 105-110 days duration,
high yielding, good grain quality
variety
• Developed through conventional
breeding
• Possess root plasticity trait
• Suitable to cultivation under both
dry direct seeded upland or lowland
as well as transplanted lowland
situations- Need to provide such
variety for planting flexibility to
farmers
• Provides yield advantage of 0.8-1.2
t/ha over currently grown varieties:
IRRI, India, famers field in India,
Nepal and Bangladesh
Identified RF-GCP:-FS022
Released:G3007.05
Dissemination:G4011.04

18. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Vandna
IR64
SambhaMahsuri
Swarna
Grainyield(kg/ha)
recipient parent
NIL
DTY12.1 DTY2.2 + DTY4.1 DTY1.1+DTY3.1+DTY2.1
Is rice different from other cereals?: response to
GY under drought
• Yield increase under drought to the tune of 0.5- 2.0 t/ha
• Grown in diverse conditions- upland-lowland-deepwater
• Rice grown in uplands have conserved regions for better response under
drought. Rice is uniquely placed to move the alleles from upland to lowland to
obtain high yield advantage under drought

19. Products, partners, capacity building
• Sahbhagi dhan, a drought tolerant variety in India, Bangladesh,
Nepal
• Major QTLs for GY under drought
• Improved Vandna with 0.5 t/ha increased yield under drought
• Improved IR64 with 0.8 -1.2 t/ha increased yield under drought
• Improved Sambha Mahsuri with 1.0 -1.5 t/ha improved yield
under drought
• Two Ph.D. Scholars, NARS partners trained, 02 rainout shelters
to partners
• Linkage with scientific community

20. Conclusions
• Major QTLs for Grain yield under drought with effect in multiple
high yielding genetic background, diverse- upland, lowland
ecosystems identified in rice.
• Identified QTLs introgressed and pyramided in popular rice
varieties of South Asia- Vandna, IR64, Sambha Mahsuri, Swarna.
Introgression in 5 other varieties in progress
• Introgressed QTLs effect higher than predicted in QTL
analysis. Effect also observed in irrigated situation not detected
in QTL study, could also result from selection of positive
interactions/ effect of QTLs in background of improved varieties
with less linkage drags
• Large effect QTLs, MAS + practical breeding, larger population
size, linkage breakage/positive use of existing linkage,
standardized managed drought screening key to success

21. Thank you very much for
your kind attention
Thanks to GCP for all support
over years, hope it continues