Team HK: Package 2

PACKAGE 2: SITE DECISION
GLOBAL URBAN DESIGN COURSE - STANFORD TECHNOLOGY CAMPUS IN HONG KONG PROPOSAL

students:
Andy Li
Sam Wright
Theodore Lim
Jakob Lozej
Dominik Košak

mentors:
Derek Ouyang
Sinan Mihelčič

00_CONTENT

01_PROPOSED SITES MAP

02_DECISION MATRIX CRITERIA AND SUB-CRITERIA

03_DECISION MATRIX CRITERIA ANALYSIS

a. economic
b. transportation
c. construction
d. parks and zoning
e. environment and sustainability
f. politics & neighborhood feasibility

04_FINAL DECISION MATRIX WITH NUMERICAL RESULTS
05_SELECTED SITE INTRODUCTION

06_SUSTAINABILITY REPORT


01_KAI TAK AIRPORT,
KOWLOON
02_WEST KOWLOON,
KOWLOON

N A
03_AUSTIN, KOWLOON
04_FO TAN, NEW
H I
TERRITORIES
05_TUEN MUN, NEW
TERRITORIES
C


01_KAI TAK AIRPORT, KOWLOON
02_WEST KOWLOON, KOWLOON
03_AUSTIN, KOWLOON
04_FO TAN, NEW TERRITORIES
05_TUEN MUN, NEW TERRITORIES


a. Economic - 20 %
a1. construction cost - 33,3 %
a2. land prices - 33,3 %
a3. financial feasibility - 33,3 %

b. Transportation - 20 %
b1. Travel Time to Airport - 5%
b2. Travel Time to Downtown HK - 15%
b3. Travel Time to China Mainland Travel Hub - 5%
b4. Distance to Closest MTR station - 30%
b5. Frequency of MTR Trains - 15%
b6. Number of MTR Lines near the Site - 30%
c. Construction - 15 %
c1. existing infrastructure (water 33,3%, electricity 33,3%, roads 33,3%) - 30 %
c2. land quality - 25 %
c3. typhoon flooding danger - 10 %
c4. landslide danger - 10 %
c5. casting shadows - 10 %
c6. traffic noise - 15 %

d. Parks and zoning - 10 %
- subcriteria 1 + percentage for each
- subcriteria 2...

e. Environment and sustainability - 15 %
- subcriteria 1 + percentage for each
- subcriteria 2...

f. Politics & neighborhood feasibility - 20 %
f1. Survey Results - 40%
f2. Existing Site Conditions - 20%
f3. Political Climate - 4%
f4. Crime Rate - 10%
f5. Distance to nearest fire station - 15%
f6. Distance to nearest police station - 10%
f7. Elevation above sea level - 1%
f8. Density - intensity factor


Decision matrix explanation:

- each criteria and sub-criteria is evaluated in 1-5 tier system (1 - worst, 5 - best)
- each sub-criteria is differently weighted, based on the importance of the subject
- all provided data is objective and was found on the Internet or other authentic sources
- decision matrix also includes subjective data, provided by the locals


Five locations are distributed into two groups, based on the similar prices; West Kowloon and New Territories.

a1. CONSTRUCTION COSTS

Due to the fact of our search for a larger amount of land and the fact that profit is already included in the price of
facilities, this prices are certainly exaggerated, but is hard to say how much, although the relationship between prices
in Kowloon and New Territories should remain the same.
Low prices=5 High prices=1

economic


a2. LAND PRICES

Some recent articles on the internet claim that some companies bought very large amounts of land in Kowloon and
the price was between 1600 and 2000 USD per square meter. Another article metioned the price per squre meter in
Tuen Mun which is situated in the area of the New Territories and it is around 600 USD.
The next step will be to send an email to real estate agents and real estate appraisals in order to get the latest
available information about the land value.

a3. FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY

As one of the world's leading international financial centres, Hong Kong has a major capitalist service economy
characterised by low taxation and free trade. In order to continue its rapid GDP growth it has to have a strong
international educational system.
In the year 2009, Hong Kong raised 22 percent of worldwide initial public offering (IPO) capital, making it the largest
centre of IPOs in the world and the easiest place to raise capital. Many international companies have the
genuine interest to invest in high quality universities to have access to the top personnel and the best
knowledge.
High possibility of financial feasibility=5 Low possibility of financial feasibility=1

economic


Site / subject Construction Costs Land prices Financial feasibility Weighted
total

Kai Tak Airport 3 2 5 3,33

Austin 3 2 5 3,33

West Kowloon 3 2 5 3,33

Fo Tan 4 4 4 4

Tuen Mun 4 4 4 4

economic - decision matrix


Transportation - 20% To Airport To To
Sub-criteria 1: Travel Time Downtown China
Airport - 5%, Downtown - 15%, China - 5%
Kai Tak Airport 1 3 4
Formula for Evaluation:
West Kowloon 3 5 5
0 - 14 min = 5
15 - 29 min = 4 Austin 2 4 5
30 - 44 min = 3
45 - 59 min = 2 Fo Tan 1 2 3
60+ min = 1
Tuen Mun 1 1 1

Transportation - Travel Time


Sub-criteria 2: Closest MTR Grade
Distance to Closest MTR Station - 30% Station (Miles)

Formula for Evaluation: Kai Tak Airport 1 2

West Kowloon 1/4 5
0 - 1/4 mile = 5
1/4 mile - 1/2 mile = 4 Austin 1/2 4
1/2 mile - 3/4 mile = 3
3/4 mile - 1 mile = 2 Fo Tan 1/4 5
+ 1 mile = 1
Tuen Mun 1 2

1) Kai Tak Airport
2) West Kowloon
3) Austin
Going to put map here. 4) Fo Tan
5) Tuen Mun

Transportation - Closest MTR Station



Sub-criteria 3: 4 - 6 min = 5
Frequency of MTR Trains - 15% 6 - 8 min = 4
(Saturday Non-Peak Hours) 8 - 10 min = 3
10 - 12 min = 2
+12 min = 1
Frequency of Grade
MTR Trains
(min)

Kai Tak
4-5 5
Airport

West
6-12 3
Kowloon

Austin 6-12 3

Fo Tan 4-8 5

Tuen
6-8 4
Mun

Transportation - Frequency of MTR


1) Kai Tak Airport
2) West Kowloon
3) Austin
4) Fo Tan
5) Tuen Mun

Sub-criteria 4:
Number of Grade
Number of MTR Lines near Site - 30%
Lines
(Within 1 mile)
Kai Tak Airport 2 3
West Kowloon 4 5
4 lines = 5
3 lines = 4 Austin 4 5
2 lines = 3
1 line = 2 Fo Tan 2 3
0 lines = 1 Tuen Mun 1 2

Transportation - Closest MTR Station


Transportation Matrix

- Travel Time to Airport - 5%
- Travel Time to Downtown HK - 15%
- Travel Time to China Mainland Travel Hub - 5%
- Distance to Closest MTR station - 30%
- Frequency of MTR Trains - 15%
- Number of MTR Lines near the Site - 30%

Transportation - Matrix


c.1 EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE (water 33,3%, electricity 33,3%, roads 33,3%) - 30 %

Each site is examined for existing infrastructure.

Formula for evaluation - water (yes=5, needs extension = 3, no=0)
Formula for evaluation - electricity (yes=5, needs extension = 3 no=0)
Formula for evaluation - roads (no roads=1, one minor road=2, more minor roads=3, minor roads and major road=4, more major
and minor roads=5)

Site / Water Electricity Roads Weighted total
subject

Kai Tak 3 3 5 3.66
airport

West 3 3 4 3.33
Kowloon

Austin 0 0 5 1.66

Fo Tan 0 0 2 0.66

Tuen Mun 0 0 1 0.33

Source: http://www.ozp.tpb.gov.hk/

construction - existing infrastructure


c2. LAND QUALITY - 25 %

6 % of onshore area in Hong Kong is reclaimed land (granular sediment and rock material) which is considered to be convenient
land to build on, however, it demands some special construction interventions (deep foundations, preventing liquefaction,...). In
higher parts of HK can be found volcanic rocks and granite which are of medium quality to build on. In addition, there is hilly
terrain, so excavations would be credible.

Formula for evaluation (poor quality = 1, medium quality = 3, excellent quality=5)

Site / subject Soil type Weighted total

Kai Tak airport reclaimed land 5

West Kowloon reclaimed land 5

volcanic rocks
Austin reclaimed land 5

Fo Tan coarse-grained granite 3

Tuen Mun volcanic rocks, sedimentary rocks 3

coarse-grained granite

Source: http://www.cedd.gov.hk/eng/about/organisation/org_geo_pln_map.htm

construction - land quality


A scheme showing pre- and post- land reclamation process.

The process of making the reclaimed land.

construction - land quality


c3. TYPHOON FLOODING DANGER - 10 %

Floods are most likely to happen in lower parts, just above sea level, while areas above 60 feet are
relatively safe. The maximum tide magnitude is ~ 9 feet, while storm surges can reach up to 20 feet. The
evaluation is based on area’s height above sea level,

Formula for evaluation (areas below 10 feet = 1, areas between 10-20 feet = 2, areas between 20-40 feet
= 3, areas between 40-60 feet = 4, areas above 60 feet = 5)

Site / subject Height above sea level Weighted total
(feet)

Kai Tak airport 21 3

West Kowloon 9 1

Austin 16 2

Fo Tan <500 5

Tuen Mun <220 5

Typhoon shelter in West Kowloon.

Source: http://www.cityu.edu.hk/gcacic/IGCP588Yim.pdf

construction - typhoon flooding danger


Flooding in West Kowloon.

construction - typhoon flooding danger


c4. LANDSLIDE DANGER - 10 %

In general, the number of occurrence of landslides is closely related to the rainfall distribution and
intensity. Most of the landslides are occured at the slope angle above 26°. We prespuppose that there is
more rainfall distibution in upper parts of HK due to orographic precipitation

Formula for evaluation (most likely to occur = 1, likely to occur = 3, not likely to occur=5)

Site / subject Weighted total

Kai Tak airport 5

West Kowloon 5

Austin 5

Fo Tan 3

Tuen Mun 4

Rainfall distribution in HK.

Source: http://hkss.cedd.gov.hk/hkss/eng/studies/natural/landslide_fact.htm#Natural Terrain Landsliding
http://dusk.geo.orst.edu/buffgis/PDFs/landslide_hazard_geo580.pdf
http://www.springerimages.com/Images/Geosciences/1-10.1007_s10346-005-0024-x-10

construction - landslide danger


Fo Tan and Tuen Mun are critical sites regarding landslide danger due to being on a higher level and surrounding
incline.
Fo Tan

~24%

~13%
~15%

Tuen Mun

Landslide endangering residental area on HK island.

~34%

~18%

construction - landslide danger


Airport, Fo Tan and Tuen Mun sites are not affected by shading from surrounding buildings and terrain, while Austin
and West Kowloon sites are in dense urban fabric where there is a lot of casting shadows elements
- Visual presentation of casting shadows by surrounding building on West Kowloon site at different hours and months
of the year.

21 / 3 21 / 6 23 / 9

9.00 AM

12.00 AM

6.00 PM

construction - casting shadows


- Visual presentation of casting shadows by surrounding buildings on Austin site at different hours and months of the
year.

21 / 3 21 / 6 23 / 9

9.00 AM

12.00 AM

6.00 PM

construction - casting shadows


The following is a map published by Hong Kong's Planning Department with the various zones represented in different
colors. The insert on the lower right-hand corner shows the average distribution of land usage across Hong Kong.

parks and zoning - maps


Kai Tak Airport - Zoning



Kai Tak Airport - Parks



Weset Kowloon - Zoning



West Kowloon - Parks



Fo Tan - Zoning



Fo Tan - Parks



Tuen Mun - Zoning



Tuen Mun - Parks



Parks and zoning plays an important as it tends to define the lifestyle of the student. Ultimately, we decided that the
type of area was not as important as the impact a university campus would make on the nearby area. In addition,
creating the lifestyle we wanted the students to have was more of a design challenge than a barrier we were simply
going to accept.

Site / subject measurement % Park Space % Park Space Official Land Utilization Distance o Edge of City (m) Distance to shore
1 mile radius 5 mile radius

Kai Tak airport 0 2.1 Residential 2500 m 0m

West Kowloon 4.8 5.1 Commercial 6500 m 200 m

Austin 4.9 4.8 Vacant 7000 m 250 m

Fo Tan 18.2% 16.0% Open Space 500 m 8500 m

Tuen Mun 15.3% 14.9% Commercial 500 m 6700 m

% of Total 20% 30% N/A 30% 20%

parks and zoning - summary


Tuen Mun - Parks

environment - maps


Environment Report:
In light of the usually sunny days in California, air pollution in Hong Kong is considered a serious problem. In
most cases, visitbility is less than eight kilometers for 30% of the year. The importance of the economic report,
however, is limited because one area of Hong Kong will not vary much from another. In the end, we decided air
quality was indeed important, giving it a weight factor of 15%

Site / subject measurement H2O2/HNO3 (Ave. 2007) O3 Concentration (Ave. 2007)

Kai Tak Airport 22.4 330 micrograms/cubic meter

West Kowloon 19.5 290

Austin 27.4 320

Fo Tan 8.8 200

Tuen Mun 16.2 250

% Total 60% 40%

environment - maps


REPUTATION, COMMUNITY AND POLITICAL SUPPORT covers:

- Survey Results
- Local Party Policies
- Cultural, Historical, and Community Significance of Site
- Perceived and Real Safety

reputation - overview


f1. Survey Results - 40%

We considered the survey to be the most important factor
in determining the political and neighborhood feasibility of
the sites.

Locals are much more knowledgeable then we are with
regards to the important intangibles of a site, such as the
atmosphere, culture, and safety, and so we weighted
responses heavily.

We received 20 responses from residents and other people
who are familiar with Hong Kong.

reputation - survey


01_KAI TAK AIRPORT 03_AUSTIN
f2. Existing Site Conditions - 20% BROWNFIELD BROWNFIELD
What cultural or historical importance does
the current site hold in the neighbourhood?
Is it an eyesore such as a brownfield, or a
sacrosanct area, such as a pristine forest?
Would a Stanford campus be seen in the
community as an improvement or a blight to
the area?

02_WEST KOWLOON 04_FO TAN
BROWNFIELD +2 BROWNFIELD-WATERFRONT PRISTINE FOREST
WATERFRONT -1
PRISTINE FOREST -2

05_TUEN MEN
PRISTINE FOREST

reputation - existing site conditions


f3. Political Climate - 4%

A small factor in our decision-
making is the political will of the
local representatives in power in
the district.

Most parties in Hong Kong are
supportive of development, but
we felt that fiscally conservative and
more nationalistic parties may be
less enthusiastic.

However, we felt that existing 02_WEST KOWLOON
institutions in an area would 03_AUSTIN 04_FO TAN
create a favorable climate for
more educational institutional
development. District Council Seat Distribution
Who holds the power?
DAB MAJORITY OR PLURALITY: -1 01_KAI TAK 05_TUEN MUN
OTHER PARTIES: 0 or as evaluated
EXISTING UNIVERSITIES OR
COLLEGES ALREADY IN AREA: +1

reputation - political climate


f4. Crime - 10%
f5. Fire Station Proximity - 10%
f6. Police Proximity - 10%
f7. Elevation from sea level - 6%
(safety and aesthetic)

A large part of our analysis deals
with the perceived and actual safety
of the site for the users.

Crime statistics are currently being
obtained. For the current decision
matrix, crime stats were considered
equal across the board for each
neighborhood until we can get
further data.
Example: Tuen Mun
Proximity by road to edge of site:
0 to 500 m = +2
1.5 km to nearest firehall (0)
500 m to 1 km = +1
1 km to 1.5 km = 0
1 km to police station (0)
1.5 km to 2 km = -1 60 m above sea level (+2)
2 km or more = -2 -----
Total Score: +2
Elevation parameters:
0 to 10 m above sea level: -2 (Crime data not
10 to 30 m above sea level: -1 available yet)
30 to 50 m above sea level: 0
50 m and above: +2
Protected by West Kowloon Typhoon
Shelter: +1 (special case)

reputation - safety


Current Weighting:

Economic 20%

Transportation 20%

Construction 15%

Parks & Zoning 10%

Environment & Sustainability 15%

Politics & Neighborhood Feasibility 20%

final decision matrix


Economic Transportation Construction Parks & Environment & Political & Total
Zoning Sustainability Neighborhood
Feasibility

Kai Tak 3.33 3 4.3 2 2.5 3.3 3.1
Airport

West 3.33 4.6 3.7 2.3 2 3.8 3.4
Kowloon

Austin 3.33 4.1 3.1 2.2 1 4.1 3.1

Fo Tan 4 3.7 3 3 5 2.3 3.5

Tuen Mun 4 2.1 3 4 4.1 2.3 3.1

final decision matrix


WEST KOWLOON, KOWLOON


WEST KOWLOON, KOWLOON
- highly urbanised area
- waterfront proximity
- well-integrated in the city


˝THE ABILITY TO MEET NEEDS OF THE PRESENT
WITHOUT COMPROMISING THE ABILITY OF
FUTURE GENERATIONS TO MEET THEIR NEEDS.˝

GENERAL SUSTAINABILITY DIRECTIONS IN
HONG KONG:
- HK has set its sights on raising Hong Kong people's
quality of life and improving the environment
- because of HK's hilly terrain and attempt to preserve
natural areas, it is crucial that each new intervention is
deliberately sustainable.

- We must be mindful of all three aspects: economy,
ecology and social responsibility

- there are many technologies, planning schemes and
strategic proposals being reviewed in HK, covering
many aspects of sustainability (pollution, recycling,
energy efficiency, environmental assessments, social
development...)

sustainability


Good land use: preserving a healthy balance between built environments and natural environments
(perserving natural values, avoiding deforestation,...)

Good urban planning: includes efficient transportation (especially mass transit, bicycle system) systems and efficient
infrastructure systems – laid out to minimize consumption, waste, and pollution during use. Sustainable buildings are long-
lasting, attractive, no larger than necessary, adaptable to other uses in the future, efficient in the use of resources (energy
and materials – including recycling at the end of service life), and well-fitted to
needs, surroundings, and society.

Economic soundness: feasible, affordable, attractive, and economically rewarding building practices, providing long-term
benefits

Environmental stewardship: conserving material and energy resources, favoring renewable and recyclable resources,
preferring less energy-intensive materials, minimizing waste, preserving undeveloped land as a natural resource, and
avoiding the pollution of land, water, and air

Waste manegement:collect, recycle, treat and dispose waste / providing waste management facilities, because local
landfills are rapidly running out of space

sustainability

Team HK: Package 2

Recomendados

Recomendados

Más contenido relacionado

Más de GUDP

Más de GUDP (7)

Último

Último (20)

Team HK: Package 2