1. Managing Indoor Environmental Quality
for Green Building Success
Louie Cheng
Founder, PureLiving China
July 21, 2011

2. Agenda 目录
• Who are we?
我们是做什么的？
• What is indoor environmental quality (IEQ)?
什么是室内环境质量？
• What are unique challenges in China for IEQ?
中国室内环境质量的独特挑战是什么？
• How can IEQ help green building projects?
室内环境质量如何帮助绿色建筑项目？
• Lessons learned from the field
实地经验

3. About PureLiving
关于PureLiving
关于
Indoor environmental quality certified testing and
consulting firm. 50+ projects in SH since 2010
室内环境质量认证检测与咨询公司。从2010年开始已经有50+的项目
EXPERTISE: Indoor air, water, lead, mold + product
testing/certification
专业技术：室内空气，水，铅，霉菌，产品检测/认证
CLIENTS: architects, facilities managers, relocation
agencies, companies, individual residents
客户群体：建筑师，后勤经理，安置机构，公司，个体居民
MISSION: Provide trustworthy, independent
assessments and solutions to create healthier and
smarter living environments
任务：提供可靠的，独立的环境评价和治理方法来创造更健康和巧妙的
生活环境。

4. What is Indoor Environmental Quality?
什么是好的室内环境质量？
什么是好的室内环境质量？
Clean air: free of particulates, toxic
chemicals, and allergens
干净的空气：没有颗粒物，有毒化学物质和过敏原
Pure water: free of carcinogens,
bacteria, and toxic heavy metals
纯净的水：没有致癌物，细菌和有毒重金属
Lead: free from one of the most
deadly and preventable poisons for
children
铅的含量在对孩子的最致命的和但可预防的毒物
中都没有
Mold: free of allergy and asthma-
causing spores
通过没有霉菌来减少过敏和哮喘

5. Indoor air pollution sources
室内空气污染来源
Outdoor air: emissions, industrial
pollutants, pollen, dust, spores
室外空气：排放，工业污染物，花粉，灰尘，孢子
Building components and furnishings:
paint, cabinets, carpet, cement & masonry
建筑成分和家具：油漆，柜子，地毯，胶水和砖石
Human activity: breathing, eating, smoking,
sickness, housekeeping, office activities
人类活动：呼吸，饮食，吸烟，生病，家务管理，办公行为
Pests: pet allergens, dust mite droppings,
cockroaches, mold
害虫：宠物过敏原，尘螨排泄物，蟑螂，霉菌
Environmental conditions: humidity,
temperature, ventilation, HVAC
环境条件：湿度，温度，通风，空调系统

6. China Challenges 中国的
中国的挑战
Lagging awareness and regulatory enforcement
落后的意识和管理的实施
Many standards fall short of EPA/WHO
很多标准都没达到环境保护局和世界卫生组织的标准
Frequent renovations + poor materials = bad air
经常性的翻新+低质量=恶劣的空气
About 90% of our time is spent indoors
差不多我们90%的时间都在室内
However, indoor air is 5-10x more polluted than
outdoors
但是，室内空气质量的污染程度是室外的5到10倍。

7. Common renovation pollutants
常见家庭装修的污染物
• China govt does not track; outdoor air often exceed
standards
Particulate 中国不追究，室外空气远远超标
matter • Causes respiratory disease and infection, triggers
asthma attacks. Contributes to heart attacks and
颗粒物 strokes.
引起呼吸疾病和感染-哮喘，呼吸不足，支气管炎，肺炎，
肺癌。导致心脏病和中风。
• Extremely common in building materials: MDF, glues,
paints
在建筑材料中极其常见：中等密度纤维板，胶水，油漆
Formaldehyde • Causes headaches, rashes, nausea, vomiting, nose
甲醛 bleeding, or eye, nose, or throat irritation. Linked to
nasal cancer
引起头痛，发疹，恶心，呕吐，出鼻血，或者眼睛，鼻子
或者喉咙受到刺激。众所周知这会引起癌症

8. Common renovation pollutants
常见家庭装修的污染物
• Found in paints and solvents used in construction
Benzene 在建筑中的油漆和溶剂中可以找到
• Causes headaches, nausea, throat and eye irritant.
Linked to leukemia
苯 引起头痛，恶心，和喉咙眼睛的刺激. 引起白血病
• Radioactive gas released by mined construction
Radon materials
矿石建筑材料会释放放射性的气体
• Number one cause of lung cancer among non-smokers
氡 不吸烟人群引起肺癌的首要原因之一

9. IEQ’s contribution to green building success
室内环境质量会促进绿色建筑的成功
Marketability
市场占有率
LEED Efficiency /
certification cost savings
环境设计认 功效/节省成
证 本
IEQ
室内环 Productivity
Legal liability 境质量 & Loyalty
法律责任 生产力和忠
诚度
Health and Contractor
Safety management
承包人的管
健康安全 理

10. Marketability and enhanced revenue
市场占有率和日益提高的收入
• Hotel premiums for hypo-
allergenic “green” rooms
酒店重视不会引起过敏反应的绿色的房间
• New arrivals looking for
“certified” healthy properties
新来者寻求被认证的健康的财产
• Overcome consumer green
fatigue: differentiate by
putting your money where
your mouth is.
克服消费者的绿色疲劳：用大家都津津乐道
的产品来区分

11. Efficiency & cost savings
效率和节约成本
• Energy savings (purple area) using CO2 sensors can be as high as
30-40%. Payback period can be <1 year
用二氧化碳感测器测出的能量节省量（紫色区域）可以高达30%到40%。资金还本期可
以少于一年
• Phased testing also allows renovators to accelerate move-in timing,
saving costs of non-occupancy
定相的检测还能允许装修者去减少搬家的时间，减少房子不住人的成本

12. Productivity & loyalty
生产率和忠诚度
• Studies show CO2 levels directly
impact productivity in call centers,
student test performance, soldier
responsiveness
研究表明二氧化碳浓度会直接影响客户服务
中心，学生测试成绩和军人准确性的生产率
• Employee worry about workplace
environment = absenteeism
员工担心工作环境的安全=缺勤率
Fisk, WJ et al.. “Accounting for the Influence of Ventilation Rate on Sick
Leave.” ISIAQ 7th International Conference on Healthy Buildings. 2003
• Communications plan to
employees is critical and often
overlooked
和员工的沟通计划很关键但是经常被忽略

13. Contractor management
承包人的管理
Case study: when best intentions aren’t enough
Reputable, experienced design firm
有名的，有经验的设计公司
New space designed for comfort and health
为了舒适和健康设计的新空间
Low-emissions MDF specified
低排放量中等密度纤维板的规定
….. So why poor air quality? 什么是差的空气质量
• Multiple contractors 各种各样的承包商
Pollutant Levels above safety • Low contractor awareness of IEQ impact
standard 承包人关于室内环境质量影响的意识浅薄
• Supply chain issues供应链的问题
Formaldehyde 160-3000+%
• Unscrupulous cost-cutting不讲道德的减少成本
TVOC 500-1900% • Lack of performance auditing 缺少绩效审定

14. Contractor management
Traditional Contractor Better Contractor
Management Options Management Option
传统承包商的管理方法 更优异的承包商的管理方法
Research and buy materials Performance-based
yourself and give to contractors to compensation
install 更优异：
更优异：基于业绩的薪酬
自己研究和购买，让承包商去安装
• Write air quality standards into
OR contract 将空气质量标准写入合同
• Pay only when air passes tests 空
Micromanage and approve each 气质量合格才付钱
purchase and installation • Self-managing 自我管理
微观管理和赞成每次购买 • You should not allow them to
select testing agencies你自己选择
检测机构，而不是他们

15. Health and safety
健康和安全
• Environmental auditing is the
best way to ensure end goal
of safe environment has
been achieved
环境审计是保证实现安全环境目标的最好方法
• Examples 例子 Picture of completion of
renovation activities
– Check new home safety after
renovation or new construction
检查翻新或者新装修后的房子安全
– Demonstrate value of green
building and material selection
to clients向客户证明绿色建筑和材
料选择的价值
– Check product performance
(filter case)产品性能（过滤器情况）

16. Legal liability法律责任
• Legal liability (lawsuits, union
actions) with no established
baseline
没有建立基准线的法律责任（诉讼，工会）
• For multinationals, HQ may
have global requirements
对于跨国公司来说，总部可能会有全球的要求
• Government requirements:
without air testing results,
move-in approval can be held
up for weeks
政府规定：在没有空气检测结果的情况下，
在几个星期后才能搬迁

17. LEED accreditation
环境设计认证
• Nearly 25% of potential LEED LEED Category IEQ Related
credits are related to IEQ Credits / Total
25%的LEED的认证都和室内环境相关
Sustainable 0 / 21
Sites
• Many of these are very easy to Water Efficiency 4 / 11
get – high “bang-for-buck” Energy and 1 / 37
Atmosphere
很多都容易做到，但是很贵 Materials and 2 / 14
Resources
• Yet, not many done. Why not?
但是，很少做到了，为什么？
Indoor 17 / 17
Environmental
– Not well understood 没有很好理解 Quality
– Risk (don’t want bad news)风险（不 Innovation in 2 / 10
想要坏的新闻） design &
regional priority
– Difficult to source the required
Total 26 / 110 = 23%
materials in China 在中国买到需要的材
料很困难（机会渺小）

18. Five IEQ Tips for Successful Projects
五条从成功项目得出关于室内环境质量的秘诀
1. Indoor air is a bigger concern than water
室内空气是比水更大的担忧
2. Don’t trust landlord/mgmt to fix problems
不要相信房东/管理方法来解决问题
3. Teach occupants that smell ≠ air quality
告诉居住者那种气味≠ 空气质量
4. Plan in advance for government approval
为政府许可提前计划
5. Communicate renovation precautions to
employees but control information flow
与员工交流翻新预防措施但是要控制信息流

19. Thank you! 谢谢！
谢谢！
Test
检测
Act Interpret
解决方法 解释
Louie Cheng
186-0171-7873
louie@purelivingchina.com
www.purelivingchina.com