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Emerging trends in librarianship 
H Anil Kumar 
Librarian, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad 
November 22, 2014
Outline 
Why Libraries? 
What about the Ecosystem? 
What role do the libraries play? 
What are the important issues for libraries today? 
What are the trends that play out for libraries?
Society 
Government 
Institutions 
Scholarship 
Publishing 
Peer review 
Information 
Data 
Technology 
Knowledge Education Talent 
OPEN ECOSYSTEM
Emerging trends in librarianship
WHY? 
Education 
Libraries
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
http://onicra.com/intranet/2013/Onicra-Pulse-Jan-2013-Quality-of-Education-In-India-v2.html
India Skills Report 2014 by People Strong, Wheebox and CII
Emerging trends in librarianship
Government Initiatives in Education 
•Improve Access 
–More institutions 
–Improve infrastructure 
–E-learning 
–Improve GER 
•Improve quality 
–Entry - admissions 
–Experience 
•Design - curriculum 
•Delivery – pedagogy 
•Choice based credits 
•Teacher training 
•Learning materials 
–Evaluation 
•Learning focus 
•Application orientation 
•Grades vs marks
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
http://www.aicte-india.org/stinstitutes.php
Emerging trends in librarianship
Beyond schooling: Private tuition 
•Potential 
–Market is $2 billion a year in India 
–Annual growth rate 20% (ET 28.1) 
–E-tutorial market pegged at Rs 3,500 crores by 2015 – 40% CAGR from Rs. 1,200 crores presently: ASSOCHAM 
•40 per cent of parents - Rs 80,000 to Rs 1 lakh annually - tuition fee 
•Facts 
–CAT 2 lakhs for 1700 IIM seats 
–All India dental / medical – 2 lakhs for 2500 seats 
–IIT JEE – 4 lakhs for 7000 seats (FE 28.1) 
•Private coaching – money spent (NSS) 
–Rs. 3485 West Bengal 
–Rs. 3318 Gujarat 
–Rs. 3273 Maharashtra 
–Rs. 2604 Karnataka 
–Rs. 2593 Delhi
http://www.thenational.ae/business/technology/lack-of-demand-and-poor-quality-blamed-for-decline-in-enrolment-in-indias-engineering-colleges
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Resources 20% 
Environment 20% 
Connectivity 20% 
Output 40%
Emerging trends in librarianship
http://www.openuped.eu/
https://www.edx.org/
https://www.coursera.org/
Emerging trends in librarianship
Hole in the wall 
Self-Organized Learning Environments (SOLEs)
Technology Advantages 
•Learn at your own pace and interest 
•Supplement learning in the classroom 
•Less dependency on formal support 
•Explore new ways of learning 
•Variety and wide range of topics
Learning and education 
•Formal methods 
–Classroom training 
–Laboratory training 
–On the job or apprenticeship 
•Non-formal methods 
–Self-study and Reading 
–Watching, seeing and trying 
•Sources 
–Institutes / schools / industries / employers 
–Libraries and laboratories 
–Internet
Libraries
Why go beyond formal methods? 
•The 95 Percent Solution: School is not where most Americans learn most of their science by John H. Falk and Lynn D. Dierking 
•Recent findings challenge the longstanding belief that the place for science knowledge acquisition is the classroom. 
•International comparisons of trends in science knowledge over lifetimes suggests that much if not most science knowledge is acquired outside of school. 
American Scientist: v. 98 (Nov-Dec), 2010
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
•The prison industry needs to plan its future growth – 
how many cells are they going to need? 
How many prisoners are there going to be, 15 years from now? 
•And they found they could predict it very easily, using a pretty simple algorithm, based on asking what percentage of 10 and 11-year-olds couldn't read. And certainly couldn't read for pleasure.
•Well-meaning adults can easily destroy a child's love of reading: stop them reading what they enjoy, or give them worthy-but-dull books that you like, the 21st-century equivalents of Victorian "improving" literature. You'll wind up with a generation convinced that reading is uncool and worse, unpleasant. 
•China in 2007, at the first party-approved science fiction and fantasy convention in Chinese history. 
•It's simple, he told me. The Chinese were brilliant at making things if other people brought them the plans. But they did not innovate and they did not invent. They did not imagine. So they sent a delegation to the US, to Apple, to Microsoft, to Google, and they asked the people there who were inventing the future about themselves. 
•And they found that all of them had read science fiction when they were boys or girls.
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Universities, ours and theirs Krishna Kumar (in The Hindu, August 9, 2012) 
•Recruitment of faculty 
•Concept of teaching (periods) 
•Concept of knowledge – research 
•Library 
•The fourth critical difference lies in the library. In the West, even in the most ordinary universities, the library forms the centre of life, both for teachers and students. Librarians enjoy a high status as their contribution to academic life cuts across academic disciplines…..
www.libraryasincubatorproject.org
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
•Librarians versus Search Engines 
•Discoverability versus Availability 
•Access versus Control
Indian Express, Aug 24, 2014
Emerging trends in librarianship
Libraries 
Users 
•Students 
•Faculty 
•Others 
Collection 
•Physical 
•Digital 
Staff 
•Professional 
•Others 
Services 
•Physical 
•Digital 
•Collection 
•Space 
•Accessibility 
Physical 
•Content 
•Design: User friendly 
•Least restrictions 
Digital
Understanding the trends 
USERS 
Technology 
Collection 
Staff
Libraries Internal and External sources 
•Student Projects 
•Syllabus and course design 
•Technical Notes 
•Course Materials 
•Student made Tools/Materials 
•News Paper Clippings (Jobs/Courses) 
•Question papers 
•Commercial 
–Books 
–Videos / CDs 
–Online resources 
•Open Access 
–Books 
–Journals 
–Educational Videos 
–Educational courseware
Technologies in Libraries 
Library Automation 
Proprietary to OSS 
Storage 
Devices to Cloud 
Identification 
Barcode, Tattle-tape, RFID, Biometric, etc 
Information Capture 
Key board, Scanner, Digital Cameras, Mobiles 
Network 
Client-server, P2P, Internet, Cloud 
Databases 
Books, articles, reports, aggregators, publishers, Irs 
Integration and Management 
Catalogs, IRs, Multimedia, Datasets, Archives, etc
Technologies in Libraries 
•User Focus 
–need not worry where the information is located 
–Anytime-Anywhere, Device independence 
–Less human interface (RFID) 
–Customised and profile based display, search, update, etc 
•Usage statistics – walk-ins, usage, downloads, ROI 
•Retrieval Convenience 
–Seamless integration of various sources/formats 
–Remote login / VPN 
–Simple OPAC to Federated searches to Discovery
Discovery service 
•Single search – interface - Integrated approach 
•Central index - Subscribed content - Connectors 
•Open Access Resources 
•Enhanced refinements like facets, topics, geographies, formats, etc 
•Display of integrated results – relevancy, date, etc 
•Fast response time
http://www.infotoday.com/cilmag/apr12/Hoeppner-Web-Scale-Discovery-Services.shtml
Emerging trends in librarianship
http://www.librarytechnology.org/discovery.pl 
•AquaBrowser – Proquest 
•Axiell Arena 
•Biblio Commons 
•Blacklight (OSS)– Columbia, Cornell, etc 
•Chamo – VTLS (III) 
•Encore – Innovative Interfaces Inc. 
•Enterprise – SirsiDynix 
•Iguana – Infor 
•VUFind (OSS) – Villanova University 
•EBSCO’s Discovery Service (EDS) 
•Ex Libris Ltd.’s Primo Central Index (PCI) 
•Serials Solutions’ Summon (SSS) 
•OCLC’s WorldCat Local (WCL)
Criteria 
•Trial and costs 
•Actual discovery - search 
•Strength of the Central Index 
•Content connectors 
•Content neutrality vs convenience 
•Integration with ILMS, Union Catalogue, IR, etc 
•Search Features and user customisation 
•Advanced search 
•Web 2.0 
•Subject guides 
•Local customisation like market research reports, videos, etc 
•Branding the library 
•Next gen features like Mobile 
•Opinion / experience of fellow professionals 
•Of course the support and delivery!
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
•https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=UKSG+2014+Plenary+4 
•http://2013charlestonconference.sched.org/event/303dfa600e13ba7c339e2461f127a667#.VBq_GhY0-OZ
www.iimahd.ernet.in/library/
•Report & Statistics 
–Socio Economic, country, industry and company related statistics and reports 
–These resources are basically providing time series data and some are providing company, industry and country specific information, research reports, market analysis and data. Ex: Prowess, Marketline, Euromonitor, etc. 
•Scholarly 
–Full Text: These resources includes peer reviewed full text journal articles, books & book chapters, reference material, working papers, etc. Ex: EBSCO, Wiley InterSciences, eBrary, Sage research methods Online, Encyclopedia Britannica, etc 
–Bibliographic: It provides bibliographic information of the published materials like. Ex: Web of science, SCOPUS, etc. 
•Other Resources 
–Legal, Institutional like World Bank, IMF data, etc. 
Type of E-resource
1.Product identification (User / Library) 
2.Product study 
3.Product demo 
4.Recommendations 
5.Trial activation 
6.Feedback 
7.Library Evaluation and initial negotiation 
8.Licensing issues 
9.Approval 
10.Final Negotiation 
11.Acquisition 
12.Licensing signing 
13.Activation, Orientation & Training 
14.Usage and evaluation 
15.Annual Review by Library Committee 
16.Renewal / cancellation 
E-resource Management Cycle
Proposal/Recommendation 
•Faculty/ students recommended 
–databases or eResources which they have used in their research and teaching 
•Librarian Proposed 
–Vendors send eResource product information to the libraries
Trial, feedback & Evaluation 
•Discovering more information about the product like, what type of data and information they offer 
•Trial activation 
•Announcing in the community and asking for feedback (If vendor proposed) 
•Evaluation and Overlap Analysis, perpetuity, archival access, etc.
Some points to be checked… 
•It should fulfill the academic and research needs 
•Content should be sourced from the authentic sources 
•Coverage of the content, subject and periodic updating 
•No overlapped data 
•User-friendly, IP based 24/7 accesses, ease in download in formats like, .csv, .pdf., MS Word, etc. 
•Integration with Discovery or KOHA catalog 
•Provides usage statistics (Counter compliant) 
•Cost effective, Remote access 
•Post installation/activation services like staff training, users training
Approval from Committee 
After getting feedback from the community and overlap analysis, the product should be presented to the library committee for approval with its salient features, scope and cost
Final Negotiation 
•Cost 
–Comparing similar product in the market (at times same products have been purchased at different rates) 
•Content 
–More titles, backfiles, perpetual access, coupons 
•Access 
–simultaneous users
Acquisition 
•The Indian Publishers/vendors 
–Indian Currency – application of service tax and TDS 
–Foreign Currency – which conversion rate to follow, GOC, RBI, Nationalized bank TT selling rate? 
•Foreign Publishers/vendors 
–Invoice and application of service tax, PAN & Tax residency, ABA routing No, IBN, etc.
Most sensitive part- Licensing 
Points to be taken care when contact signed…… 
•Authorized users 
•Perpetual/Archival access, 3rd party archiving service 
•Confidentiality 
•Price change period 
•Clarity about platform fee, hosting fee 
•Inter-library loan rights 
•Usage Statistics 
•Print, copy share rights 
•Off campus access of the content 
•Swapping of journals in case of eJournals 
•Governing law, etc. 
•Transfer/discontinue of the content
IIMA License agreement Checklist 
Vikram Sarabhai Library: IIMA License Agreement Checklist 
Database Name : 
Date: 
Period : 
Sr. No 
Points Covers 
Yes / No 
Page & Para No. 
Remarks 
1 
Agreement effective period 
2 
Authorized use of the product in Course packs  Other educational materials 
3 
Authorized users ( Include walk-in user or not) 
4 
Database Access Stopped Compensation (Technical Problem, etc.) 
5 
Discontinue notification period 
6 
Electronic Reserve (Save the documents to the Personal devices) 
7 
Governing Law, Jurisdiction limit (case file) with in India 
8 
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) terms & conditions 
9 
Inter-library loan (ILL) 
10 
IP Range Access / No. of user range 
11 
Perpetual Access / Backfile Access 
12 
Platform Fees/Hosting Fees 
13 
Price Increase Cap (In subsequent years) 
14 
Remote access permission 
15 
The “Licensee” must be Librarian / Institute 
16 
Updation of databases 
17 
User statistics (incl. admin login authorization) / Usage Data Reports 
18 
Journals Swapping Term & Condition
Activation 
•Activation 
•Server based/ accessible through LAN 
•Like; CMIE Prowess, Thomson Eikon 
•Some of them are single users access like DataStream, District GDP of India, etc. 
•Online/ IP based access 
•campus wide access of the databases like eJournals and others like Marketline, Euromonitor, etc.
•Scholarly databases are not very difficult to understand and need some orientation only 
•Statistical database and allied tools needs proper training to use, Like CMIE Prowess, Grammarly, etc. 
•Webex/Webinar: Vendors/publishers organize Webex for orientation and training or to handle specific queries, Webinars are generally preplanned and, they sent alert to the members to attend, one can register and take a tour. 
•The resource persons are library staff and or product experts 
Orientation and training
Usage and evaluation 
•E journals/E books 
–Counter compliant Usage data, Full text down load, Abstract view, Search, Access denied report, etc. 
•Statistics & Reports 
–No. of logins, downloads, visits or access time of particular IPs (Provided by the vendor or publishers) 
•Offline Database 
–Difficult to count the usage
•Usage and per download cost 
Total cost of the Database/Total downloads or Usage 
•Comparison with other eResources 
•Comparing with usage of the past years 
•Evaluating the usage 
Usage and evaluation
VSL Database Usage
VSL eJournals Usage
Year 
Searches 
Total Full Text 
PDF Full Text 
HTML Full Text 
Image/ Video 
Abstract 
Smart Link To 
Custom Link 
2014 
6284040 
38067 
34039 
3888 
6 
53761 
3220 
9869 
2013 
6166874 
48682 
43728 
4393 
6 
61058 
3234 
11467 
2012 
2288229 
46099 
40439 
4955 
7 
59474 
2125 
7065 
Total 
14739140 
132848 
118206 
13236 
19 
174293 
8579 
28401
Committee Perusal 
•Average usage data and Download cost 
•Reviewing usage and future needs 
•If necessary proposal for optional product 
•Deciding to ask community for discontinuation / renewal
Renewal- Cancellation- Replacement 
•Renewal: If the usage is higher the resource would be renewed again. 
•Cancellation: If the usage is low, the data is of no use and if the optional resources is available at very lower cost. 
•Replacement: if the optional product is available in the market with lower cost and more features, one should review it and replace with the existing one.
New Projects 
https://erm.library.nd.edu/ 
http://ckan.org/
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Other key Issues and opportunities 
•Staff 
•Research Assistance, Database mining, IL, etc 
•Resource / product understanding: Mass to Niche - Skills to knowledge: Referral to reference 
•Professional managers 
•Information Literacy and Usage 
•IR and Archiving; Long Tail; Legal Issues 
•Lib 2.0 and User participation 
•Outsourcing 
–IT: ILS, Hardware, Software - SaaS to PaaS to IaaS 
–Manpower 
•Routine jobs 
•IT staff 
•Ownership to Access and Closed to Open Systems 
•RESEARCH!
Why research? 
Do we need Libraries? 
We need to build our own knowledge base on librarianship 
Convince the decision makers on the need for libraries 
Discover connections to learning and education 
Better manage our services 
Drive new theory development 
Study and develop benchmarks or best practices 
Develop our own metrics 
ROI and growth 
Lobby and evidence
What to research? 
Outcomes 
Aspects 
Focus 
Understand local and global perspectives 
Relevance of libraries Use of libraries Technology Services Legal aspects Governance and ROI 
Management of Resources 
•Collection 
•Finance 
•Staff 
•Space 
•Committee 
•Users 
•Technology
Some topics 
•ROI and value studies 
•User surveys 
•Purchase processes – discounts, total cost of purchase, time taken, foreign editions vs Indian editions, exchange rates and its impact on spending 
•Spending surveys of libraries – patterns and trends 
•Who reads what? 
•Who uses the library and why? 
•HR issues like comparison with other states, ratio of salary to library budget (comparisons), etc
Tips 
Planning is important but implementation is the difficult part 
Literature survey is the Key 
Referencing is very important 
Style and finishing varies from journal to journal 
Time taken also varies from weeks to months 
Research should your differentiator and is the only contribution that stays beyond you!
For Libraries … 
•Education is the central theme 
•Education is moving from 
–information sharing to learning 
–Teacher to learner 
•We have to shift from supporting to partnering roles and facilitate: 
–Reading 
–Discussion 
–Incubation 
–Connecting 
•Safe, Social and Learning spaces
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
http://www.fodors.com/news/photos/worlds-20-most-stunning-libraries
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
http://www.buzzfeed.com/harpercollins/16-bookstores-you-have-to-see-before-you-die-9npd
Emerging trends in librarianship
Emerging trends in librarianship
THANKS 
anilkumar@iimahd.ernet.in

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Emerging trends in librarianship

  • 1. Emerging trends in librarianship H Anil Kumar Librarian, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad November 22, 2014
  • 2. Outline Why Libraries? What about the Ecosystem? What role do the libraries play? What are the important issues for libraries today? What are the trends that play out for libraries?
  • 3. Society Government Institutions Scholarship Publishing Peer review Information Data Technology Knowledge Education Talent OPEN ECOSYSTEM
  • 10. India Skills Report 2014 by People Strong, Wheebox and CII
  • 12. Government Initiatives in Education •Improve Access –More institutions –Improve infrastructure –E-learning –Improve GER •Improve quality –Entry - admissions –Experience •Design - curriculum •Delivery – pedagogy •Choice based credits •Teacher training •Learning materials –Evaluation •Learning focus •Application orientation •Grades vs marks
  • 19. Beyond schooling: Private tuition •Potential –Market is $2 billion a year in India –Annual growth rate 20% (ET 28.1) –E-tutorial market pegged at Rs 3,500 crores by 2015 – 40% CAGR from Rs. 1,200 crores presently: ASSOCHAM •40 per cent of parents - Rs 80,000 to Rs 1 lakh annually - tuition fee •Facts –CAT 2 lakhs for 1700 IIM seats –All India dental / medical – 2 lakhs for 2500 seats –IIT JEE – 4 lakhs for 7000 seats (FE 28.1) •Private coaching – money spent (NSS) –Rs. 3485 West Bengal –Rs. 3318 Gujarat –Rs. 3273 Maharashtra –Rs. 2604 Karnataka –Rs. 2593 Delhi
  • 30. Resources 20% Environment 20% Connectivity 20% Output 40%
  • 36. Hole in the wall Self-Organized Learning Environments (SOLEs)
  • 37. Technology Advantages •Learn at your own pace and interest •Supplement learning in the classroom •Less dependency on formal support •Explore new ways of learning •Variety and wide range of topics
  • 38. Learning and education •Formal methods –Classroom training –Laboratory training –On the job or apprenticeship •Non-formal methods –Self-study and Reading –Watching, seeing and trying •Sources –Institutes / schools / industries / employers –Libraries and laboratories –Internet
  • 40. Why go beyond formal methods? •The 95 Percent Solution: School is not where most Americans learn most of their science by John H. Falk and Lynn D. Dierking •Recent findings challenge the longstanding belief that the place for science knowledge acquisition is the classroom. •International comparisons of trends in science knowledge over lifetimes suggests that much if not most science knowledge is acquired outside of school. American Scientist: v. 98 (Nov-Dec), 2010
  • 43. •The prison industry needs to plan its future growth – how many cells are they going to need? How many prisoners are there going to be, 15 years from now? •And they found they could predict it very easily, using a pretty simple algorithm, based on asking what percentage of 10 and 11-year-olds couldn't read. And certainly couldn't read for pleasure.
  • 44. •Well-meaning adults can easily destroy a child's love of reading: stop them reading what they enjoy, or give them worthy-but-dull books that you like, the 21st-century equivalents of Victorian "improving" literature. You'll wind up with a generation convinced that reading is uncool and worse, unpleasant. •China in 2007, at the first party-approved science fiction and fantasy convention in Chinese history. •It's simple, he told me. The Chinese were brilliant at making things if other people brought them the plans. But they did not innovate and they did not invent. They did not imagine. So they sent a delegation to the US, to Apple, to Microsoft, to Google, and they asked the people there who were inventing the future about themselves. •And they found that all of them had read science fiction when they were boys or girls.
  • 49. Universities, ours and theirs Krishna Kumar (in The Hindu, August 9, 2012) •Recruitment of faculty •Concept of teaching (periods) •Concept of knowledge – research •Library •The fourth critical difference lies in the library. In the West, even in the most ordinary universities, the library forms the centre of life, both for teachers and students. Librarians enjoy a high status as their contribution to academic life cuts across academic disciplines…..
  • 53. •Librarians versus Search Engines •Discoverability versus Availability •Access versus Control
  • 56. Libraries Users •Students •Faculty •Others Collection •Physical •Digital Staff •Professional •Others Services •Physical •Digital •Collection •Space •Accessibility Physical •Content •Design: User friendly •Least restrictions Digital
  • 57. Understanding the trends USERS Technology Collection Staff
  • 58. Libraries Internal and External sources •Student Projects •Syllabus and course design •Technical Notes •Course Materials •Student made Tools/Materials •News Paper Clippings (Jobs/Courses) •Question papers •Commercial –Books –Videos / CDs –Online resources •Open Access –Books –Journals –Educational Videos –Educational courseware
  • 59. Technologies in Libraries Library Automation Proprietary to OSS Storage Devices to Cloud Identification Barcode, Tattle-tape, RFID, Biometric, etc Information Capture Key board, Scanner, Digital Cameras, Mobiles Network Client-server, P2P, Internet, Cloud Databases Books, articles, reports, aggregators, publishers, Irs Integration and Management Catalogs, IRs, Multimedia, Datasets, Archives, etc
  • 60. Technologies in Libraries •User Focus –need not worry where the information is located –Anytime-Anywhere, Device independence –Less human interface (RFID) –Customised and profile based display, search, update, etc •Usage statistics – walk-ins, usage, downloads, ROI •Retrieval Convenience –Seamless integration of various sources/formats –Remote login / VPN –Simple OPAC to Federated searches to Discovery
  • 61. Discovery service •Single search – interface - Integrated approach •Central index - Subscribed content - Connectors •Open Access Resources •Enhanced refinements like facets, topics, geographies, formats, etc •Display of integrated results – relevancy, date, etc •Fast response time
  • 64. http://www.librarytechnology.org/discovery.pl •AquaBrowser – Proquest •Axiell Arena •Biblio Commons •Blacklight (OSS)– Columbia, Cornell, etc •Chamo – VTLS (III) •Encore – Innovative Interfaces Inc. •Enterprise – SirsiDynix •Iguana – Infor •VUFind (OSS) – Villanova University •EBSCO’s Discovery Service (EDS) •Ex Libris Ltd.’s Primo Central Index (PCI) •Serials Solutions’ Summon (SSS) •OCLC’s WorldCat Local (WCL)
  • 65. Criteria •Trial and costs •Actual discovery - search •Strength of the Central Index •Content connectors •Content neutrality vs convenience •Integration with ILMS, Union Catalogue, IR, etc •Search Features and user customisation •Advanced search •Web 2.0 •Subject guides •Local customisation like market research reports, videos, etc •Branding the library •Next gen features like Mobile •Opinion / experience of fellow professionals •Of course the support and delivery!
  • 73. •Report & Statistics –Socio Economic, country, industry and company related statistics and reports –These resources are basically providing time series data and some are providing company, industry and country specific information, research reports, market analysis and data. Ex: Prowess, Marketline, Euromonitor, etc. •Scholarly –Full Text: These resources includes peer reviewed full text journal articles, books & book chapters, reference material, working papers, etc. Ex: EBSCO, Wiley InterSciences, eBrary, Sage research methods Online, Encyclopedia Britannica, etc –Bibliographic: It provides bibliographic information of the published materials like. Ex: Web of science, SCOPUS, etc. •Other Resources –Legal, Institutional like World Bank, IMF data, etc. Type of E-resource
  • 74. 1.Product identification (User / Library) 2.Product study 3.Product demo 4.Recommendations 5.Trial activation 6.Feedback 7.Library Evaluation and initial negotiation 8.Licensing issues 9.Approval 10.Final Negotiation 11.Acquisition 12.Licensing signing 13.Activation, Orientation & Training 14.Usage and evaluation 15.Annual Review by Library Committee 16.Renewal / cancellation E-resource Management Cycle
  • 75. Proposal/Recommendation •Faculty/ students recommended –databases or eResources which they have used in their research and teaching •Librarian Proposed –Vendors send eResource product information to the libraries
  • 76. Trial, feedback & Evaluation •Discovering more information about the product like, what type of data and information they offer •Trial activation •Announcing in the community and asking for feedback (If vendor proposed) •Evaluation and Overlap Analysis, perpetuity, archival access, etc.
  • 77. Some points to be checked… •It should fulfill the academic and research needs •Content should be sourced from the authentic sources •Coverage of the content, subject and periodic updating •No overlapped data •User-friendly, IP based 24/7 accesses, ease in download in formats like, .csv, .pdf., MS Word, etc. •Integration with Discovery or KOHA catalog •Provides usage statistics (Counter compliant) •Cost effective, Remote access •Post installation/activation services like staff training, users training
  • 78. Approval from Committee After getting feedback from the community and overlap analysis, the product should be presented to the library committee for approval with its salient features, scope and cost
  • 79. Final Negotiation •Cost –Comparing similar product in the market (at times same products have been purchased at different rates) •Content –More titles, backfiles, perpetual access, coupons •Access –simultaneous users
  • 80. Acquisition •The Indian Publishers/vendors –Indian Currency – application of service tax and TDS –Foreign Currency – which conversion rate to follow, GOC, RBI, Nationalized bank TT selling rate? •Foreign Publishers/vendors –Invoice and application of service tax, PAN & Tax residency, ABA routing No, IBN, etc.
  • 81. Most sensitive part- Licensing Points to be taken care when contact signed…… •Authorized users •Perpetual/Archival access, 3rd party archiving service •Confidentiality •Price change period •Clarity about platform fee, hosting fee •Inter-library loan rights •Usage Statistics •Print, copy share rights •Off campus access of the content •Swapping of journals in case of eJournals •Governing law, etc. •Transfer/discontinue of the content
  • 82. IIMA License agreement Checklist Vikram Sarabhai Library: IIMA License Agreement Checklist Database Name : Date: Period : Sr. No Points Covers Yes / No Page & Para No. Remarks 1 Agreement effective period 2 Authorized use of the product in Course packs Other educational materials 3 Authorized users ( Include walk-in user or not) 4 Database Access Stopped Compensation (Technical Problem, etc.) 5 Discontinue notification period 6 Electronic Reserve (Save the documents to the Personal devices) 7 Governing Law, Jurisdiction limit (case file) with in India 8 Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) terms & conditions 9 Inter-library loan (ILL) 10 IP Range Access / No. of user range 11 Perpetual Access / Backfile Access 12 Platform Fees/Hosting Fees 13 Price Increase Cap (In subsequent years) 14 Remote access permission 15 The “Licensee” must be Librarian / Institute 16 Updation of databases 17 User statistics (incl. admin login authorization) / Usage Data Reports 18 Journals Swapping Term & Condition
  • 83. Activation •Activation •Server based/ accessible through LAN •Like; CMIE Prowess, Thomson Eikon •Some of them are single users access like DataStream, District GDP of India, etc. •Online/ IP based access •campus wide access of the databases like eJournals and others like Marketline, Euromonitor, etc.
  • 84. •Scholarly databases are not very difficult to understand and need some orientation only •Statistical database and allied tools needs proper training to use, Like CMIE Prowess, Grammarly, etc. •Webex/Webinar: Vendors/publishers organize Webex for orientation and training or to handle specific queries, Webinars are generally preplanned and, they sent alert to the members to attend, one can register and take a tour. •The resource persons are library staff and or product experts Orientation and training
  • 85. Usage and evaluation •E journals/E books –Counter compliant Usage data, Full text down load, Abstract view, Search, Access denied report, etc. •Statistics & Reports –No. of logins, downloads, visits or access time of particular IPs (Provided by the vendor or publishers) •Offline Database –Difficult to count the usage
  • 86. •Usage and per download cost Total cost of the Database/Total downloads or Usage •Comparison with other eResources •Comparing with usage of the past years •Evaluating the usage Usage and evaluation
  • 89. Year Searches Total Full Text PDF Full Text HTML Full Text Image/ Video Abstract Smart Link To Custom Link 2014 6284040 38067 34039 3888 6 53761 3220 9869 2013 6166874 48682 43728 4393 6 61058 3234 11467 2012 2288229 46099 40439 4955 7 59474 2125 7065 Total 14739140 132848 118206 13236 19 174293 8579 28401
  • 90. Committee Perusal •Average usage data and Download cost •Reviewing usage and future needs •If necessary proposal for optional product •Deciding to ask community for discontinuation / renewal
  • 91. Renewal- Cancellation- Replacement •Renewal: If the usage is higher the resource would be renewed again. •Cancellation: If the usage is low, the data is of no use and if the optional resources is available at very lower cost. •Replacement: if the optional product is available in the market with lower cost and more features, one should review it and replace with the existing one.
  • 96. Other key Issues and opportunities •Staff •Research Assistance, Database mining, IL, etc •Resource / product understanding: Mass to Niche - Skills to knowledge: Referral to reference •Professional managers •Information Literacy and Usage •IR and Archiving; Long Tail; Legal Issues •Lib 2.0 and User participation •Outsourcing –IT: ILS, Hardware, Software - SaaS to PaaS to IaaS –Manpower •Routine jobs •IT staff •Ownership to Access and Closed to Open Systems •RESEARCH!
  • 97. Why research? Do we need Libraries? We need to build our own knowledge base on librarianship Convince the decision makers on the need for libraries Discover connections to learning and education Better manage our services Drive new theory development Study and develop benchmarks or best practices Develop our own metrics ROI and growth Lobby and evidence
  • 98. What to research? Outcomes Aspects Focus Understand local and global perspectives Relevance of libraries Use of libraries Technology Services Legal aspects Governance and ROI Management of Resources •Collection •Finance •Staff •Space •Committee •Users •Technology
  • 99. Some topics •ROI and value studies •User surveys •Purchase processes – discounts, total cost of purchase, time taken, foreign editions vs Indian editions, exchange rates and its impact on spending •Spending surveys of libraries – patterns and trends •Who reads what? •Who uses the library and why? •HR issues like comparison with other states, ratio of salary to library budget (comparisons), etc
  • 100. Tips Planning is important but implementation is the difficult part Literature survey is the Key Referencing is very important Style and finishing varies from journal to journal Time taken also varies from weeks to months Research should your differentiator and is the only contribution that stays beyond you!
  • 101. For Libraries … •Education is the central theme •Education is moving from –information sharing to learning –Teacher to learner •We have to shift from supporting to partnering roles and facilitate: –Reading –Discussion –Incubation –Connecting •Safe, Social and Learning spaces