26. On the left is a painting by Adolf Hitler in 1919. On the right is a painting by Ernst Kirchner. The Kirchner painting shows prostitutes in Berlin in 1913.
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57. From what you know of the period is it fair to say that without the Great Depression the Nazis would never have come to power?
58. Okay – one more question. Why were the Nazis able to take advantage of the Great Depression? Were they passive (taking advantage of anger) or active (presenting reasons to be angry)?
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82. Four steps: Four obstacles removed Reichstag Fire Use power of state (radio, posters, newspapers) to spread anti-communist propaganda. Call for a clear mandate to deal with communist threat to Germany!! Outcome: Voter support goes from 33% to 44% (52% with support of Nationalist Party) Enabling Act Hitler uses threats and intimidation (including banning and arresting Communist Party members) to pass the Act (Law) Outcome: Hitler has the power to “rule by decree” – a Dictator! Night of the Long Knives Hitler removes the threat posed by Rohm (who was complicating relationships with business and the army). SA brought under control. Outcome: Opponents removed (including some politicians), Hitler’s ruthlessness is revealed (sends message to opponents), the army is impressed by Hitler’s decisiveness, the fiercely loyal SS replace the less reliable SA. Hindenburg’s Death The death of Hindenburg removes the only rival for influence in Germany at the time. Outcomes: Hitler declares himself the Fuhrer. Army swears a personal oath of loyalty to Hitler.
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103. So what can we conclude? Nazi control methods worked well against unpopular sections of the population or against formal, organised opponents (such as political parties) However, it failed to end resistance completely and groups which had status or were important to German people (churches and their youth) still continued to resist the Nazis. In these cases the Nazis were reluctant to use the methods that had proven so effective against “undesirable” groups. As the war progressed active opposition grew more widespread.
124. “ All nature is a gigantic struggle between strength and weakness, an eternal victory of the strong over the weak” (Merry Christmas from Adolf Hitler!)
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149. Minorities challenged Nazi Values People with hereditary illnesses were sterilised (300,000 people from 1934 – 1945) Nazi values of militarism and nationalism needed fit, strong Germans. 72,000 mentally ill people were exterminated (1939-1941) Challenged the idea that Germans were the Master Race. Homosexuals were sent to concentration camps. Challenged the Nazi belief in ‘traditional’ family values. 6 Million Jews were exterminated. 5 out of 6 Gypsies in Germany were exterminated. Nazi values of Aryan supremacy (Racism) called for a ‘pure’ Germany.
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