1) Proper soil preparation is important to prevent disease outbreaks, weed infestation and soil erosion. 2) Soil should be loosened and cleared of debris before planting to prevent disease. 3) Factors like soil type, planting depth, fertilizer use, and timing should be considered when preparing the soil and planting crops.

1. Gushaka umurima, Kuwutegura
n’ibikorwa biwukorerwamwo
BYATEGUWE NA: NZEYIMANA Felix
Humidtropics-RAB

2. GUTEGURA UMURIMA
UTUBURIRWAMO IMBUTO Y’IBIRAYI
• Gutegura umurima ni ngombwa kugira ngo
bitume habaho kumera kw’imbuto byihuse,
gucengera kw’imizi no gukura kw’ibirayi
bitagoranye.
• Kugirango habeho kumera kw’ibirayi byihuse,
imbuto igomba guterwa mu butaka
buhehereye kandi buseseka.

3. GUTEGURA UMURIMA (GUKOMEZA)
Mu gutegura umurima
babanza kurwanya isuri,
hanyuma bakarima bwa
mbere bavanamo urwiri iyo
rurimo bagakurikizaho
kurima bwa kabiri
(gutabira) bagiye gutera.

4. •Hagomba kwirindwa ubutaka
bukomeye kuko buhagarika
gukura kw’imizi, no mu gihe
cy’imvura nyinshi ubutaka
busigara bukomeye igihe
kirekire nyuma bigatera
ingaruka zo kubura umwuka ku
bihingwa no kubora kw’ibirayi
mu butaka.
•Imizi igomba kwinjira mu
butaka nibura hafi hashoboka
ni muri cm 50-60
z’ubujyakuzimu.
GUTEGURA UMURIMA
(Gukomeza))

5. GUTEGURA UMURIMA (Birakomeza)
• Ubujyakuzimu bw’ubuhinge biterwa n’ubutaka
uko bumeze, iyo hashyuha ndetse
n’ubushyuhe bukaba ku rwego rwo hejuru
hagomba ubuhinge bwimbitse cyane.
• Niba hakonje kandi hahehereye hagomba
guhingwa ubujyakuzimu bukagera kuri cm 7-
10.

6. Imiterere y’umurima
•Ni kuki ari ngombwa gutera
ibiti?
•Ubwo bw’ibiti bukwiye guterwa
•Akamaro k’ifumbire y’imborera
mukugabanya isuri
•Irwanya suri hakoreshejwe
amaterasi
•Ubutaka bwambaye ubusa
buragenda bugatwara ubutaka
bwiza
•Bushobora gutera gusharira indi
mirima iri hasi
•Inrwara zishobora kuva mu
mirima yo hejuru

7. Igihe cyo gutera
• Kudatera imbere cyangwa inyuma y’ihinga
•Ibihe by’ihinga (Bivana n’ubwoko bw’ibirayi)
•Gutera igihe amazi yageze m’ubutaka
•Gutera bikorwa hakoreshejwe imbuto shingiro
yameze neza, itarwaye cyangwa ngo ibe ifite indi
nenge kandi yose ifite urugero rumwe (calibre).
•Haterwa imbuto iri hagati ya toni 2 -3 kuri ha
bitewe n’uko imbuto ingana (calibre).

8. Igihe cyo gutera(Birakomeza)
• Ikirayi giterwa muri cm 5-10 z’ubujyakuzimu.
Igipimo cy’icyobo cyo guteramo biterwa
n’ubukonje bw’aho hantu uko bumeze.
•Mu turere tw’imvura aho ubutaka bwuma vuba
bikagira ingaruka ku kumera kw’imbuto nyuma yo
gutera, bisaba gutera mu mwobo muremure.

9. GUFUMBIRA
•Mu butaka busharira bashyiramo ishwagara
ingana na toni 2.5-5 kuri ha mbere y’ iminsi 21
•Mu gihe cyo gutera basanzamo hagati ya toni 20-
30 kuri ha z’ifumbire y’ imborera iboze neza mu
gihe baringaniza cyangwa bakayishyira mu myobo
iyo ari nke.

10. Gufumbira(Birakomeza)
•Mu gihe cyo gutera bakoresha kg 300 kuri ha za
N.P.K 17-17-17 cyangwa bagakoresha kg 150 kuri
ha noneho mu gihe basukira bwa mbere nyuma y’
iminsi 60 bateye bagashyiramo izindi kg 150 kuri
ha.

11. Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge Humidtropics and the CGIAR Fund Donors
for their provision of core and project-specific funding without which this
research could not deliver results that eventually positively impact the lives
of millions of smallholder farmers in tropical Americas, Asia and Africa.
This presentation was made at a training workshop on Integrated Potato Crop
Management organized by International Potato Center (CIP) for Innovation
Platform (IP) members of Kadahenda, Rwanda.

12. Murakoze

13. Felix NZEYIMANA
Research Department
Soil and Water Management Program
Rwanda Agriculture Board
Rwanda/Kigali
Phone: +250788582865
E-mail: elogenzeyi@yahoo.fr