Railway transportation 2.1

RAILWAY
TRANSPORTATION

OĞUZHAN ÇAÇAMER
TUĞÇE MERVE İNAK
HASAN GÜNEŞ

RAILWAY TRANSPORT

The rail road is basically a long hauler and slow mover of raw
materials (coal, lumber and chemicals) and of low-valued
manufactured products (food, paper and wood products) and
prefers to move shipment sizes of at least a full wagon load
(Ballou, 1999). According to Nash and Whiteing (1988), rail
transportation services can be classified in four categories as
(1)less than wagonload (services ranging from parcels conveyed
by passenger train to grouped consignments conveyed by freight
train), (2) wagonload (consignments which fill one or more
wagons, but which are not large enough to justify provision of a
dedicated train), (3) trainload (dedicated block train running from
one terminal to another) and (4) intermodal. When the last
intermodal option about railways is considered, it is seen that
railways’ use in increasing due to developments in different
technologies and infrastructure such as RO-LA systems .
(Denktaş,G.2010)

RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION

MACRO ENVIRONMENT
 Political & Legal
 Economical
 Social
 Technological
 Environmental

MİCRO ENVIRONMENT
 Suppliers
 Customers
 Competitors
 Stakeholders

White Paper

European Commission(EC.) has putted user's requirements bases of
strategies by accepted white book in September, 2001 and has
developed 60 preventions with this approach
 The first prevention is regenerating the railways, seaways, inland
waterways and establish a connection with each others and providing
controlled growth in highway by this means EC aims to offset the
whole transportation modes
 High quality and reliable services and providing concrete support for
sustainable development aimed by EC.
 At the same time, EC. is planning to establish a close connection
between growth of economy and transportation for decreasing the
pressure on the environment.

White Paper “European Transport Policy for 2010: Time to Decide”, 2001 European Commision.

White Paper

EC. wants to make transportation policy with that 60
Preventions. Some of them related with raillway are
specified below;

 Prevention of Congestions:EC. has developed 30
milion Euros budgeted(per year) Marco Polo
Programme for intermodel transportation to integration
of railways, seaways and inland waterways.
 Main Infrastructure Works:In the context of TEN-T
Project, EC is foreseeing that efforts will be
intensificated for high speed railways and airway
connections and increase the share of railway cargo
transportation .

White Paper “European Transport Policy for 2010: Time to Decide”, 2001 European Commision.

White Paper

 A new additional policy document, identify the EU’s(Roadmap to a Single
European Transport Area – Towards a competitive and resource efficient
transport system) 40 enterprises for 2050, are participated at updated
version of white paper 2011.
 Freight shipments over short and medium distances (below some 300
km)7 will to a considerable extent remain on trucks. It is therefore
important, besides encouraging alternative transport solutions (rail,
waterborne transport), to improve truck efficiency, via the development and
the uptake of new engines and cleaner fuels, the use of intelligent transport
systems and further measures to enhance market mechanisms.

www.tobb.org.tr Türkiye Ulaştırma ve 2011 Lojistik Meclisi Sektör Raporu

White Paper
 %30 of highway cargo transportation aimed to shift railway and
seaway transportation until 2030 and %50 of highway cargo
transportation aimed to shift railway and seaway transportation until
2050. For the realization of this objective providing the necesseray
infrastructure were decided by EC.
 EU. is in need of the best freight corridors for energy use and
emission.
 EC. Emphasized required structural change for increase the share
of railway transportation in long-medium distance cargo and
passenger transportation.
 Also emphasized the prominent role of ports as logistics centers.
 Until 2050 aimed to connect all the major air and sea ports, railway
network.

www.tobb.org.tr Türkiye Ulaştırma ve 2011 Lojistik Meclisi Sektör Raporu VIDEO

DEREGULATION

Deregulation is the removal or simplification of
government rules and regulations that constrain the
operation of market forces.
It is different from liberalization, where more players
enter in the market, but continues the regulation and
guarantee of consumer rights and maximum and minimum
prices.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deregulation

DEREGULATION
IN UNITED STATES

Privatization of US Railways
 The first round of policy change was the Railroad
Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976.
 Staggers Rail Act of 1980:this meant that railway companies
were allowed to compete with each other, and set the
transportation prices freely

 http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/ch9en/appl9en/ch9a1en.html

DEREGULATION
IN UNITED STATES
Consequenses;
 The railroads immediately divested themselves of their unprofitable
passenger business, and began to concentrate on their core freight
activity
 The railroads began abandoning tracks. Operators increasingly
focused on strategic long distance corridors linking major gateways and
inland markets.

Operating costs were reduced significantly by staff reductions .
 The post deregulation period has been marked by a significant
development in mergers and acquisitions. From 56 Class I railroads in
1975 the number has been reduced to 7 in 2005, two of which are
Canadian.
 Finally, the restrictions on intermodal ownership and operation has led to
a revitalization of the general freight business with alliances with
trucking companies to carry their long distance cargo.
http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/ch9en/appl9en/railperformance.html

DEREGULATION
IN UNITED STATES

http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/ch9en/appl9en/railperformance.html

DEREGULATION IN UK

Privatization Process
 The process in Britain started with round negotiations within the government in
the mid 1980’s
 In 1987,vertical separation was used.It was failure

 British Rail was privatised in 1994 but the failure of Railtrack led to the creation
of Network Rail, a ‘not for profit’ company in 2002. The Labour Government has
continued to privatise or part-privatise other parts of the UK public sector since
came to power in 1997

DEREGULATION IN UK

Consequences;
 privatization created markets and demand

 privatization broke down barriers to entry in
industries and made them more contestable.
 Capping is an appropriate way to curtail
the monopoly power of “natural monopolies”

http://kouvola.lut.fi/files/download/Tutkimusraportti169_OP_B.pdf

DEREGULATION IN CHINA

 Labour productivity of the Chinese Rail system is relatively low. As
Figure 8 shows, in 1990 the average train-km per staff of the Chinese rail
network was 496, compared with the average of 2926 for Western
European railways.
 As the economy grows and increasing demands are placed on the
rail sector, certain specific problems are emerging
 Because of the fast-growing demand and capacity constraints,
China Rail’s management attention has focused on maximising
operational efficiencies

RAILWAY REFORM IN CHINA PROMOTING COMPETITION, Summary and Recommendations of
an OECD/DRC Seminar on Rail Reform in Beijing 28-29 January 2002

DEREGULATION IN CHINA
In the mid-1990s, faced with a financial deficit in the rail
sector, China experimented with certain reforms. In 1998, the
Ministry of Railways piloted a “responsibility system”
These reforms have been carried out by means of responsibility system
 Production quotas have been implemented on a per-worker basis,
 Reform of the labour, personnel and distribution systems
 The Ministry of Railways has speeded up its pace of shifting its
administrative functions,
 Four railway bureaux have set up a separate legal entity to
provide passenger transport services;
 Five major companies in railway engineering, railway
construction, rolling stock manufacturing, telecommunications
signalling, and civil engineering have been detached from the
Ministry
 The Ministry of Railways has organised three large-scale campaigns to
increase train speeds on trunk railway lines on April 1, 1997, October 1,
1998, and October 21, 2000 respectively.

DEREGULATION IN RUSSIA

Russia went through wide-ranging deregulation (and
concomitant privatization) efforts in the late 1990s
under Boris Yeltsin, now partially reversed under Vladimir
Putin. The main thrust of deregulation has been the
electricity sector (see RAO UES), with railroads and
communal utilities tied in second place.[citation
needed] Deregulation of the natural gas sector (Gazprom) is
one of the more frequent demands placed upon Russia by
the United States and European Union.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deregulation#Russia

RECONSTRUCTING
Reconstructing of
Railway Sector and TCDD

Prepared by the Ministry of Transport Railway Law on the grounds of
EU acquis aim reconstruction in railway services based on the
principals of competition and becoming sector deregulated for getting
into the market.
DRAFT LAW OF DEREGULATION ON TURKISH RAILWAY
TRANSPORTATION

ECONOMIC

Africa:$508 million Latin America Caribbean : $3,227million
East Asia & Pacific:$1,398 million Middle East & North Africa: $540 million
Europe & Central Asia:$1,023.4 million South Asia : $309 million

http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTTRANSPORT/EXTRAILWAYS/0,,contentMD

ECONOMIC
Energy efficiency
 Rail is on average 2 - 5 times more energy efficient than road,
shipping and aviation
 Through approaches including eco-driving,use of new rolling stock,
and operational measures, railways continue to improve

http://www.etc-corporate.org/resources/uploads/railways&environment_facts&figures.pdf

ECONOMIC
 On the technical side, technical improvements
have permitted roughly a 50% reduction in freight
costs per tonne-km on the major freight systems,
primarily through more intensive use of capacity
and reduction in energy costs, coupled with far
better use of information to control system
quality and enhance pricing.
 The containerization revolution that started in the
maritime area ended up as a major source of traffic
for railways, especially in the US and Canada,
though Russia, China and India have seen
significant traffic increases in containers.

SOCIAL
Noise emissions
 Noise is perceived as the most important environmental problem
for people living close to railway lines
 İnfrastructure companies and railway operators are working at progressively
reducing noise emissions from rail


SOCIAL
Railway noise control possibilities
Significant progress has been made in noise abatement over the
past 50 years.The systematic study and research of the issue has lead
to the introduction of disc-braked passenger vehicles,new freight wagons
with K-blocks,or the construction of noise barriers along major lines.
 At the source:Rolling noise is caused by small irregulations on both
wheel and the track in the contact area between the two.
 Between the source and neighbouring buildings:A possibility to reduce
noise is to use noise barriers
 Near the neighbouring buildings:Noisy can be reduced in the immediate
vicinity of the habitant on the building by using insulated windows.

http://www.uic.org/etf/publication/publication-detail.php?code_pub=516

SOCIAL
Noise Barriers

http://www.uic.org/etf/publication/publication-detail.php?code_pub=516

SOCIAL
Railway noise reduction projects
Railways have, in the last decade, developed sector
funded or EC co-funded research and development projects
to understand and mitigate railway noise from its source.
Recent and ongoing important rail noise activities include:
 Silence,EU project
2005-2008

 QCity, EU project
2005-2009

 STAIRRS,EU project
2000-2003

SOCIAL

Silence Project(2005-2008):
EU together with public and private partners
 Control of noise at the source,
 Noise emission,
 The human perception of noise,
 New technological solutions have been developed for quieter road and
rail vehicles, rail infrastructure, road surface and vehicle-tyre-road
interaction.
 A sound synthesis software has also been developed to optimise and
simulate the noise reduction of a train or car pass-by.
 SILENCE provides a toolkit to reduce noise through traffic management
and in-vehicle driver support systems

http://www.silence-ip.org/site/#548

TECHNOLOGICAL

http://www.internationaltransportforum.org/Pub/pdf/10FP04.pdf

TECHNOLOGICAL
The biggest technological impact on the rail
industry are passenger rail innovations, especially
High Speed Rail (HSR).
Japan is the first country to develop HSR
technology in 1963 with introduction of the
Shinkansen Train.
The principal benefits from, HSR are:
 time savings
 additional capacity
 reduced externalities from other modes
 generated traffic
 wider economic benefits

TECHNOLOGICAL

http://www.uic.org/IMG/pdf/20101219_d_high_speed_lines_in_the_world_maps.pdf

TECHNOLOGICAL

http://www.uic.org/IMG/pdf/20101219_d_high_speed_lines_in_the_world_maps.pdf


HST.Ongoing the Construction

By constructing the appropriate high-speed railway,(250 km/h) travel
time between Ankara and Istanbul will come down to 3 hours.

HST. Ongoing the Construction

Tukey is building up HST Railway line in west-east direction. The project
aims to reduce the transit time from 11 hours to almost 2 hours.

HST-In Phase of Project

Sivas-Erzincan High Speed Rail Project is a continuation of the Ankara-

Sivas High Speed Railway Project route, has participated in the
investment proramme of 2011


High-speed railway line is planned to link with Bursa by made 110
km new railway. With the completion of the project, the travel time
between Ankara and Bursa will be 2 hours and 15 minutes.


Between Ankara-Afyon is planned 1,5 hours and Afyon-İzmir is
planned 2,5 hours and totally Ankara-İzmir is planned 3,5 hours.

Preperations of Tender of the first step of HST project between
Ankara-İzmir, (Polatlı- Afyon) is ongoing.
.

ENVIRONMENT
External costs
 congestion,
 air pollution, climate change,
 accidents,
 noise,
 up- and down-stream processes(vehicle and fuel
production and infrastructure provision),
 costs for nature and landscape or additional costs in
urban areas.
External costs are costs generated by transport
users and not paid by them but by the society.UIC
recommends internalisation of these external costs to
allow transport users to take the right decisions and the
polluter pays principle to optimise the transport sector.
http://www.uic.org/spip.php?rubrique1588

ENVIRONMENT

http://www.uic.org/spip.php?article1799

ENVIRONMENT

Total external costs and transport subsidies found for EU-15,2007
http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/total-external-costs-and-transport-
subsidies-found-for-eu-15

ENVIRONMENT

Advances in vehicle technology can reduce the
environmental impact of freight transport in three ways:
 increasing vehicle carrying capacity,
 improving energy efficiency,
 reducing externalities.

GREEN LOGISTICS Improving the environmental sustainability of logistics , © Alan McKinnon, Sharon
Cullinane, Michael Browne and Anthony Whiteing, 2010

ENVIRONMENT
Reducing Externalities
 Maximizing the use of electric traction,

 Continuing to invest in low-emission diesel
locomotives where electric traction is not viable,
 Low sulphur fuel,

 Noise and vibration problems can be
ameliorated through quieter engine technology,
track lubrication, new braking systems and other
improvements

GREEN LOGISTICS Improving the environmental sustainability of logistics , © Alan
McKinnon, Sharon Cullinane, Michael Browne and Anthony Whiteing, 2010

ENVIRONMENT

 CO2 is the major greenhouse gas contributing to global
warming and climate change.
 Travelling by rail is on average 3-10 times less CO2
intensive compared to road or air transport.
 Electric railways(Electricity Mix) could achieve zero CO2
emissions if the electricity production is sourced from
renewable energy sources such as wind energy,hydro and
the other renewables.

ENVIRONMENT


Suppliers
Locomotive Producers

Wagon Producers

Rail and Infrastructure Material

Producers

Railway Vehicles Maintenance and

Repair Operations

Production and Distribution Services

of Electricty

SUPPLIERS
 The track, signalling, and other infrastructure facilities
are owned by Railtrack
 Maintenance, renewal and design works are divided among
too many suppliers. These companies have been sold with
contracts in place.
 Regular routine maintenance is the responsibility of the
TOCs, The repair of rolling-stock is the work of ‘heavy
maintenance suppliers’
 There are workshops, some of which were sold into the
private sector provide for major overhauls and refurbishment
programmes.
 Network Rail is the government-created owner and operator
of most of the rail infrastructure in Great Britain
(England,Scotland and Wales).
Network Rail owns the infrastructure, including
the railway tracks, signals, tunnels,bridges, level
crossings and most stations.

Suppliers in Turkey

Public Instutions
Company Name Field Activity
Türkiye Lokomotif ve Motor Sanayii (TULUMSAŞ) Procurment of Locomotive and Wagon
Türkiye Demiryolu Makinaları Sanayii
(TUDEMSAŞ) Procurment of Railbus and Wagon

Türkiye Vagon Sanayii A.Ş. (TUVASAŞ) Procurment of Goods Wagon
Ankara Demiryol Fabrikası (ADF) Repairment of Railway Vehicles

Private Sector
ØDemireller A.Ş.
ØYavuzlar A.Ş,
ØYücesan A.Ş,
ØŞolpan Makina, Repairment of Railway Vehicles
ØMert Makina,
ØRaylı Taşıtlar,
ØHıztaş

www.tcdd.gov.tr (DPT 9.Kalkınma Planı)

CUSTOMERS

The railway’s customers will be segmented into
broad market or business groups, such as:
 Commuters :A person who regularly travels from one
place to another, typically to work
 Medium-Long Distance Passengers
 Freight Customers
 Parcels and Express Freight Customers
 Commercial Property Lessors
 Others (e.g. advertisers using railway property)

http://www.unescap.org/ttdw/Publications/TIS_pubs/pub_1872/marketing-chap6.pdf

CUSTOMERS

Network Rail's main customers are the separate and mostly private-
sector train operating companies (TOCs), responsible for passenger
transport, and freight operating companies (FOCs), who provide train
services on the infrastructure that the company
owns and maintains.

Private Sector

 Wagons does not belong to TCDD belong the
another pirvete individual or corporation
operated in lines of TCDD.
 Freight of Carrieges with wagons does not
belong TCDD charged by line occupation
fee. Other fees are charged according the
TCDD’s tariffs

TÜRKİYECUMHURİYETİDEVLETDEMİRYOLLARI İŞLETMESIGENELMÜDÜRLÜĞÜ (TCDD) HATLARINDA
DİĞER ŞAHISLARA AİT VAGONLARIN İŞLETİLMESİNE DAİR YÖNERGE

COMPETITORS

http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/shared/en/file__attachements/publications

STAKEHOLDERS

 Railways
 Managers
 Suppliers
 Sub-suppliers
 Political decision makers
 Investors
 Financial analysts

Comparasion With Other Modes

http://log.logcluster.org/response/transport/LOG23TRANSPORTComparisonmatrixfortransportmodes_large.jpg

MARKET SHARE OF RAIL FREIGHT
TRANSPORT

http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/shared/en/file__attachements/publications__broschures/c
ompetition__report__2011.pdf

MARKET SHARE OF RAIL
PASSENGER TRANSPORT

http://www.deutschebahn.com/site/shared/en/file__attachements/publications__broschures/competition__report__2011.pdf

 Rail is one common method of freight
transportation. This is a cost-effective method,
especially for carrying energy freights.
 Because this method has less speed and lower
reliability, it costs much less than other methods.
 Compared to truck transportation, it can
making freight more affordable. Transport bulkier and
heavier commodities such as coal, chemicals, and
petroleum in large volume to more distant areas

 Another advantage of railroads is that
service providers can use existing
infrastructures; in most countries,
governments provide the infrastructure and
therefore it needs less investment,
 However, in some countries, especially
underdeveloped ones, not all of a region is
covered by railways. As a result, there is less
opportunity to use this mode to transport
energy freight on a national scale.

Railway projects have been
made and being made in
Turkey and Europe
1. Pan-Europen Corridors
2. Traceca
3. Current Situation in Turkey
4. Viking
5. Ten-t
6. Marmaray
7. Target 2023
8. Balo

Pan-European Corridors

http://www.skyscrapercity.com

Current Situation
EDİRNE
ZONGULDAK

SAMSUN
İSTANBUL KARS

Adapazarı

ERZURUM
BANDIRMA
ANKARA ERZİNCAN
BURSA ESKİŞEHİR SİVAS

POLATLI

AFYON
ELAZIĞ
TATVAN VAN
İZMİR KAYSERİ

MALATYA
KONYA DİYARBAKIR

ADANA GAZİANTEP

MERSİN

2012 : 12.000 km ( Konvansiyonel +
Yüksek Hızlı )

Railway Network in Pre-Republic 4.136 km ANAHAT
First Years of Republic of Turkey(1923-1950) 3.764 km ANAHAT (Yılda Ortalama 134 km)
After 1951 / Until 2002 945 km ANAHAT (Yılda Ortalama 18 km)
Since 2003 to 2011 ( include 2011 ) 1.136 km ANAHAT (Yılda Ortalama 135 km)
Ongoing Constructions 2.047 km ANAHAT

Passenger/Cargo Transportation

Logistics Centers
 Logistics centers; is defined as the area where
include different national and international
operators and carriers, cargo distribution, storage
and all the other services.
 In this centers railway, highway, seaway
sometimes airway connections are provided. On
the other side combined transport facilities,
storage and transport services is supplied.
What is in Logistics Center?
 Container loading and unloading and storage
areas.
 Airside
 Customer office, parking area, articulated lorry
parking area
 Banks, restaurants, hostels, maintenance-repair
and washing plant, gas stations, warehouses
 Train organisations and shipping ways

www.tcdd.gov.tr

Logistics Centers

Samsun (Gelemen), Denizli (Kaklık), İzmit (Köseköy), Eskişehir (Hasanbey),
Kayseri (Boğazköprü) first step of construction is completed
Eskişehir (Hasanbey) ve Kayseri (Boğazköprü)’second step of construction will
start. Erzurum (Palandöken) and Balıkesir (Gökköy)’ construction process will
start. Working about other logistics centers are also ongoing.

Viking Project

 Viking Projet is a combined
transportation Project.

 The shareholder og this project
are Lithuania, Byelorussia and
Ukraine.

 By this project 20’ containers, 40’
containers, refrigerated containers,
railway wagons, trailers, trucks,
semi-trailers can be transported.

www.tcdd.gov.tr

Viking Project
First voyage of the project was in 2003. At the start operated one day a
week train, due to high demand added three additional times.

Operating in Lithuina-Bylorussia-Ukrain rout Viking Train is tried to be
connected with ferry which is operating in Ukraine-İliçevski/Derince for
tranasshipping cargos from Port of Derince/Samsun to Turkish wagons.
Thus, aiming to set up connection.Through Turkey to the Mediterranean,
Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia

The shortest way aimed for connection of Europe to Asia, Caucasus and
Middle East by using TRACECA corridor.

www.tcdd.gov.tr

What is TEN-T

http://tentea.ec.europa.eu/en/ten-t_projects

What is TEN-T
Transport infrastructures
The TEN-T Components
The ultimate policy objective of the TEN-T is the establishment of a single,
multimodal network covering both traditional ground-based structures and
equipment (including intelligent transport systems) to enable safe and efficient
traffic. Increasingly, it also involves the deployment of innovative systems that
not only promise benefits for transport but also have substantial potential for
industrial innovation.
The Trans-European Transport Network shall be established gradually by
integrating land, sea and air transport infrastructure components, and by
including the necessary technical installations, information and
telecommunication systems to ensure smooth operation of the network and
efficient traffic management.
The transport infrastructure components are road, rail and inland waterway
networks, motorways of the sea, seaports and inland waterway ports, airports
and other interconnection points between modal networks.
Intelligent transport systems include the traffic management systems for road,
rail, air and waterborne transport as well as the positioning and navigation
systems.

TEN-T

Rail

The EU’s rail network consists of both high-speed and conventional rail lines
and their related infrastructures and facilities which enable rail and and other
transport modes to be integrated.

Rail projects aim to ultimately create a safe and high-quality infrastructure, by
ensuring network continuity and interoperability.


TEN-T
European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS)

ERTMS is a harmonised command and control system recommended for
the European railway network.

ERTMS and its related projects aim at ensuring continuity
and interoperability, bringing users a high-level of security and safety.


MARMARAY
Turkey's age-old dream and the world's most important project of the
Marmaray project;
•Continious railway transportation will be provieded between Gebze-
Halkalı thus will be a fundamental solution to the problem of urban
traffic.
 Compliance with the European Union's high-speed rail networks, which
is an important step in the direction of the Marmaray, Ankara-Istanbul/

Kars-Tbilisi High Speed Train together with the implementation of
projects, provide a fast, economical, seamless rail link from Europe to
Asia, from west to east.

www.tcdd.gov.tr

Target 2023
Line Renovation Work; Capacity of Carriage:
Planned to be completed in 2015. % 45 increase

EDİRNE

SAMSUN
İSTANBUL

KARS
ADAPAZARI

ANKARA
BALIKESİR ESKİŞEHİR SİVAS
ERZURUM
ERZİNCAN

MANİSA ELAZIĞ

İZMİR AFYON KAYSERİ
DİYARBAKIR
MALATYA
AYDIN KONYA

ADANA GAZİANTEP

MERSİN

NEW HIGH-SPEED LINES
RENEWED CONVENTIONAL LINES
ONGOING RENEWAL of the LINES

Ongoing renewal of the lines, 2210 Km (%18) WILL BE RENEWED LINES

Target 2023
Signalization of Current Line; Carriage of Capacity :

EDİRNE

SAMSUN
İSTANBUL

KARS
ADAPAZARI

ANKARA
ERZURUM
ERZİNCAN

MANİSA ELAZIĞ

DİYARBAKIR
MALATYA
AYDIN KONYA

ADANA GAZİANTEP

MERSİN

HIGH-SPEED SIGNAL LINES
CONVENTIONAL SIGNAL LINES
ONGOING CONSTRACTIONAL LINES

Ongoing signalization process of the lines, 8092 Km LINES TO BE

(%67)

Target 2023
Electrification of Current Lines; Carriage Capacity :

EDİRNE

SAMSUN
İSTANBUL

KARS
ADAPAZARI

ANKARA
ERZURUM
ERZİNCAN

MANİSA ELAZIĞ

DİYARBAKIR
MALATYA
AYDIN KONYA

ADANA GAZİANTEP

MERSİN

ELEKTRICAL HIGH- SPEED LINES
ELEKTRICAL CONVENTIONAL LINES
ONGOING CONSTRACTIONAL LINES

Ongoing electrification process of the lines, 7953 Km LINES TO BE

(%66)

Target 2023
Modernization of Vehicle Fleet:
Planned to be completed in 2019.

TRACTIVE STOCKS WILL BE SUPPLIED

300 PCS Elektrical Mainline Lokomotive

144 PCS EMU – DMU Set

180 PCS High Speed Train Set

TRACTIVE STOCKS WILL BE SUPPLIED
•8.000 PCS Goods Wagon

Target 2023
New Line Constructions
Approximately 10,000 km of high-speed railways and 4,000 km conventional line will be
Approximately 10,000 km of high-speed İ railways and 4,000 km conventional line will be
KARADEN Z
constructed. By this mean Total railway network of Turkey will be approximately 25.940
constructed. By this mean Total railway network of Turkey will be approximately 25.940
km..
km
EDİRNE BARTIN

SAMSUN
İSTANBUL Ereğli
TRABZON
Karasu
Kartal KARS
Halkalı Sapanca
ADAPAZARI
Gemlik
BİLECİK
ANKARA
BALIKESİR BURSA ESKİŞEHİR SİVAS
Sincan Yerköy ERZURUM
ERZİNCAN
Polatlı
Hanlı
Aliağa MANİSA ELAZIĞ
UŞAK
Turgutlu Boğazköprü
DİYARBAKIR
Torbalı MALATYA Kurtalan
AYDIN KONYA
MARDİN Cizre
Ulukışla ŞANLIURFA
Narlı Nusaybin Habur
Güllük ADANA GAZİANTEP
Karkamış
KARAMAN Yenice Mürşitpınar
ANTALYA
Manavgat
MERSİN
Alanya
HALEP MEVCUT YHT HATLARI

MEVCUT KONVANSİYONEL HATLAR
Demiryolu Payı Hedefleri Mevcut Durum 2011- 2015 YHT HATLARI

Yolcu Taşımacılığı : %10 %2 2011- 2015 KONVANSİYONEL HATLAR

2016- 2023 YHT HATLARI
Yük Taşımacılığı: %15 %5 2016- 2023 KONVANSİYONEL HATLAR

BALO Project
Aim:
To meet the business people and member of MTSO logistics
needs and lowering the logistics costs.

To gain the new and advantageous transport channels to
business people and exporters for growing the export market
share of Turkey.

Target:
Establish the first Organized Industrial Zone Logistics Village
of Turkey in Manisa Organized Industrial Zone. Transport the
export cargos more economically and faster to Europe
.

Places to Build Balo Project
• Port of Tekirdağ
• Port of Bandırma
• Okçugöl Consolidation Center
• Mustafakemalpasa Consolidation Center

Cargo Collection Center
• Eskisehir
• Manisa,
• İzmir,
• Denizli
• Ankara,
• Konya,
• Kayseri,
• Gaziantep
• Muratlı / Tekirdag Konsolidasyon Merkezi

WORKING STYLE OF BALO
•Cargos will be taken from the exporter’s door with containers
than they will take away to consolidation centers in
Mustafakemalpaşa and Okçugöl by railway and highway,
• It will be dedicated according to the destination in Europe and
constitute block train which has 17 wagons and carry 34 45”
containers.
•A special dock will be constructed in port of Bandırma and block
train will board the train ferry from this dock,
•After get off the train ferry in port of Tekirdağ it will go abroad
from Kapıkule Board Gate by using the Muratlı route.
• Containers in block train which come to destination point are
delivered to (tren üstü alıcılar) and also to other consignees with
inland transporter trucks
•Goods are collected in abroad from senders for coming Turkey
are consolidated in Europen Logistics Village Association
member’s Logistics centers. Than they tranport to Turkey again
by block train and delivered the various final destinations.

Comparasion of 40” Sea
and 45” Wagon Container

Comparasion of Balo’s Railway
Transportation Freight against Seaway
and Highway Transportation Freigt
T/T
From Ankara
Day BALO Sea Road

Viyana 7 1,300 2,231 2,400

Nürnberg 8 1,375 2,236 2,700

Köln 9 1,400 1,941 2,800

Lyon 9 1,500 2,041 2,900

T/T
From İzmir
Day BALO Sea Road

Viyana 5 1,100 1,640 2,350

Nürnberg 6 1,200 1,440 2,600

Köln 7 1,225 1,340 2,700

Lyon 7 1,390 1,610 2,800

Door to Door Freight
Currency: Euro

Turkey–European Countries

Our country has a railway
connection with Republic of Serbia,
Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Czech
Republic, Hungary, Slovakia,
Macedonia, England, Spain,
Greece, Sweden, Norway, Crotia,
Slovenia, Germany, Austria,
Luxembourg,Italy, Netherlands,
Switzerland, Denmark, France,
Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina.

www.tcdd.gov.tr

İstanbul-Tahran-İslamabat

Yük Kapasitesi : 500 ton
Seyahat Süresi : 11 gün
Freight train service discontinued in November 2011 but there are
some news about this service it will begin again on July 15
But could not be reached clear information about it.
www.tcdd.gov.tr

Türkiye-Suriye-Irak

İslahiye Boarder Gate connect Turkey to Syria and through Iraq.
Nusaybin Boarder Gate connect Turkey to again Syria and through Iraq.
And Kapıköy Boarder Gate connect Turkey to Iran and beyond the
countries of Iran.

www.tcdd.gov.tr

LOCAL PASSANGER
RAILWAY TRANSPORT

Railway transportation 2.1

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