1. Taxonomy of Annonaceae
Annona - Rollinia
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2. W Hemisphere genera 34 (+1) / ~1000 (~110 / 2500 )
Anaxagorea ( 23 / 4 ) Duguetia ( 88 / 3 ) Pseudephedranthus ( 1 )
Annona ( 191 / 1 / 4 )
(incl. Raimondia, Rollinia)
Ephedranthus ( 7 ) Pseudomalmea ( 4 )
Asimina ( 11 )
(incl. Deeringothamnus)
Froesiodendron ( 3 ) Pseudoxandra ( 23 )
Bocagea ( 2+1 ) Fusaea ( 2 ) Ruizodendron ( 1 )
Bocageopsis ( 4 ) Guatteria ( 295 )
(incl. Guatteriella, Guatteriopsis, Heteropetalum)
Sapranthus ( 6 )
Cardiopetalum ( 3 ) Hornschuchia ( 10 ) Stenanona ( 7 )
Cremastosperma ( 29 ) Klarobelia ( 12 ) Terameranthus ( 6 )
Cymbopetalum ( 27 ) Malmea ( 6 ) Tridimeris ( 2 )
Desmopsis ( 14 ) Mosannona ( 14 ) Trigynaea ( 8 )
Diclinanona ( 3 ) Onychopetalum ( 2 ) Unonopsis ( 48 )
Duckeanthus ( 1 ) Oxandra ( 29 ) Xylopia ( 158 )
Porcelia ( 7 )
Annonaceae
neotrop NAm neotrop - Afr neotrop - As MAm – aff As pantropical
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3. monograph
Morphology – Leaf, Flower, Inflorescence, Fruit, Seed
Anatomy – Wood, Leaf, Flower, Embryology, Fruit, Seed
Ultrstructure – Palynology
Karyology
Phytochemistry
Ecology – Phenology and Pollination Biology, Fruit Dispersal
Uses, Vernacular Names, Archaeobotany
IUCN red list categories
Classification
Taxonomy
Phylogeny
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Annona

4. Annona / Rollinia / Rolliniopsis
monographs
Fries R. E. (1931) Revision der Arten einiger Annonaceen-Gattungen. II. Annona. –
Acta Horti Berg. 10 (2): 197-315.
102 species / 17 Sections / 810 collections / 19 herbaria
for 32 species fruits were unknown
Fries R. E. (1934) Revision der Arten einiger Annonaceen-Gattungen. III. Rollinia. –
Acta Horti Berg. 12 (1): 112-190.
55 species / 8 sections
Fries R. E. (1934) Revision der Arten einiger Annonaceen-Gattungen. III. Rolliniopsis. –
Acta Horti Berg. 12 (1): 191-196.
4 species / 2 Sections
Fries R. E. (1959) Annonaceae.
In: Engler A. & Prantl K. (eds.): Nat. Pflanzenfam. 17a/II: 1-117. –
Berlin: Duncker & Humblodt.
Annona 109 / Rollinia 55 / Rolliniopsis 3
field work – only one trip to Manaus, Brasil in 1960
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5. Annona / Rollinia / Rolliniopsis
monographs
Maas P. J. M., Westra, L. Y. Th. et al (1992) Rollinia. – Fl. Neotropica 57: 1-190.
• Rollinia: 42 (+2) species / 6 groups, ~2500 collections / 62 herbaria
• field work: before work started
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Morphology – Leaf, Flower, Inflorescence, Fruit, Seed
Anatomy – Wood, Leaf, Flower, Seed
Palynology / Karyology / Phytochemistry
Ecology – Pollination, Pests
Uses, Vernacular Names
Taxonomy (Classification)

6. Annona
Linnaeus 1753 Species plantarum (starting point for binomial nomenclature)
Polyandria / Polygynia incl. annonaceous genera Uvaria and Annona
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7. Citation Hortus
Cliffortianus
Species
Plantantarum
Marcgraf bras. 1648 *
Piso bras. 1658 *
Ray hist. 1686-88 *
Pluk. alm. 1696 * *
Sloan. jam. 1696 *
*
Comm. hort. 1697 * *
Plum. gen. 1703 * *
Mer. surin. 1705 *
Sloan. hist. 1707-25 * *
L. Hort. Cliff. 1738 *
Gron. virg. 1739-43 *
Roy. lugd. 1740 *
Herm. lugd. *
monographs
prelinnean Literature
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Annona / Rollinia / Rolliniopsis

8. Annona
Plumier 1703 Annona muricata – Guanabanus
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9. Annona
Annona squamosa ( icono Sloane 1725 Voy. Jamaica tab. 227 )
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10. Annona
Annona squamosa – 亞大果子 Yá tà Kó ҫù – Boym (1656) Fl. sinensis
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11. Annona
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http://plants.jstor.org – Global Plants Initiative
309 institutions digitize their type collection
August 2013 – 1.9 m specimens online

12. Annona
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http://plants.jstor.org/specimen/bm000839134?s=t
specimen @ BM cultivated 1777 in the Hortus Kewensis

13. Annona
Annona cherimola Mill. ( holo BM - herb. Philipp Miller )
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14. Annona
Herbarium
work
119 herbaria
visited ( 82) specimens on loan ( 63 ) desiderata ( 3 )
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15. Annona
Herbarium PR – Průhonice, CZ Botucatu 2013-08-20

16. Annona
Field work
Cuba 2000, 2001
Mexico 1998
Costa Rica 1993
Peru 1988, 1994
2008
Venezuela 1995, 1996
Brasil 1994, 2006
2009
Colombia 1994, 2008
Panama 2008
Ecuador 2007, 2008
Bolivia 2007
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Guatemala 2011
Honduras 2010

17. life forms
Annona
a) Annona warmingiana (pygmaea), b) A. amazonica
a
b
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18. life forms
Annona
Annona sprageui
a
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19. Annona
a) Annona subnubila, b) A. glabra, c) A. hayesii
d) A. dioica, e) A. globiflora
a d e
b
c
flowers
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20. Annona
a) Annona crassiflora, b) A. glabra, c) A. hayesii,
d) A. hypoglauca, e) A. duckei, f) A. deminuta, g) A. pittieri
a b c
d e f g
fruits
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21. Rollinia
a b
a) Annona hispida, b) & d) A. sp. nov., c) A. papilionella, e) A. neosericea
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c d e
flowers

22. Rollinia
c d e
a) Annona andicola, b) A. rensoniana
c) A. glomerulifera, e) A. hispida, f) A. neosericea
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a b
fruits

23. Raimondia
Annona quinduensis
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24. Annona
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herbarium work
Herbarium QCNE – Herbario Nacional de Ecuador, Quito

25. Annona
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Herbarium specimens
Neill et al. 6160 – Rollinia  Maas et al. 1997: Rollinia chrysocarpa  Annona chrysocarpa

26. Annona
a) Annona glabra, b) A. aligera, c) A. salicifolia, d) A. rosei, e) A. aurantiaca
a b c d e
leaf shape
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27. Annona
a) percurrent – Annona dumetorum, b) reticulate – A. aurantiaca
c) percurrent – A. salicifolia, d) areolate – A. deminuta
a
c
b
d
leaf venation patterns
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28. Annona
leaf – cuticular foldings
a b
c d
Annona pruinosa – a) lower leaf surface, b) close up
Annona cornifolia – c) lower leaf surface, d) sunken stomata
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29. a b
c d
Annona
leaf – epicuticular wax
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a) platelets – Annona dioica, b) irregular granules – A. pruinosa
c) rodlets – A. macrocalyx, d) membraneous platelets – A. neglecta

30. Annona
indument
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a) simple erect – Annona cordifolia, b) twin erect – A. prevostiae
c) multiple (“stellate”) – A. dioica, d) curly – A. sclerophylla
a b
c d

31. Annona
flower parts
Annona amazonica – a) flower(bud), 2 external and 1 interal petal removed
Annona squamosa – b) carpel, open ventral suture
Annona malmeana – c) stamen with extrorse anthers, d) connective shield, e) attachment by vascular bundles
a b c e
d
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32. Annona
stamens
a) Annona senegalensis – stamen dorsal view, b) stoma
c) Annona montana – stoma
d) Annona sericea – stoma
a
c
b
d
Annona ambotay – outer staminodial ring
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33. Annona
anatomy – seeds – ruminations
a d e
Annona cherimola – a) seed, b) endosperm, c) foliar ruminations
Annona sericea – d) endosperm, e) peg-shaped ruminations
b c
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34. palynology – pollen / tetrad size
Annona
100 µ
60 µ
30 µ
20 µ
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a) Annona purpurea 2x
b) A. coriacea 6x
c) A. malmeana ?
d) A. macrocalyx ?
e) A. scandens ?
f) A. macroprophyllata (diversifolia) 2x
g) A. liebmanniana
h) A. ambotay 2x
i) A. cherimola 2x
j) A. reticulata 2x
k) A. conica ?
a b c
d e c
f g h
i j k

35. palynology – exine sculpturing
Annona
a b c
d e f
perforate – a ) A. bicolor, rugose – b) A. cacans, c) A. cornifolia
tectate perforate – d) A. aurantiaca, e) A. coriacea, reticulate – f) A. ambotay
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36. palynology
Annona
Annona malmeana – a) open pollensac, b) free pollen tetrads, c) tetragonal tetrad,
d-f) callosic binding system between tetrads and pollen grains
a b
c d
e f
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37. Annona
A) Annona ambotay, B) A. foetida, C) A. glabra,
D) A. macroprophyllata, E) A. prevostiae, F) A. reticulata,
G) A. montana, H) A. squamosa, I) A. liebmanniana
karyology x = 7
39 / 196
2x / 26 / all habitats
3x / 1 / cultivated
4x / 13 / cerrado, WAmaz rain forest,
mangrove - cultivated
6x / 3 / cerrado - cultivated
(8x ? / 1 / Annona sylvtica )
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38. karyology
A. prevostiae
A. sininni
A. foetida
A. testudinea
A. ambotay
A. macroprophyllata
A. reticulata
A. squamosa
A. glabra
A. cuspidata
Annona
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39. uses
Annona
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40. Annona
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vernacular names 653 / 47 taxa
Araticum –
Annona dolabripetala, A. emarginata, A. leptopetala, A. mucosa,
A. neolaurifolia, A. neosericea, A. pickelii, A. sylvatica
Araticum barato do campo – Duguetia furfuracea
Araticum cagão – Annona cacans, A. emarginata, A. xylopiifolia
Araticum de cavalo – Annona emarginata
Araticum do campo – Annona emarginata
Araticum grande – Annona sylvatica
Araticum meúdo – Annona emarginata
Araticum lanceta – Duguetia furfuracea
Araticum macho – Annona exsucca
Araticum-mirim – Annona emarginata

41. Annona
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taxa
196 / 12 from single collection
50 studied in the field
37 fotographically documented
192 Neotropics
4 Africa
34 new species, yet undescribed / 7 from single collection

42. geographical distribution
9519 collections
7413 georeferenced
Annona
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43. Annona
SBC
Anaxagorea
Cananga & Ambavioids
LBC
other Magnoliales
Piptostigma/Greenwayodendron
Annickia
Miliusoid clade
Polyalthia hypoleuca comp.
Monocarpia
Eupomatiaceae
Laurales
Annonaceae
SAC clade
Bocageae
Annona, Asimina clade
Goniothalamus
Monodora, Uvaria clade
Artabotrys, Xylopia clade
Duguetia, Letestudoxa clade
Guatteria
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Anonidium, Neostenanthera clade
phylogeny
family
rbcl, trnl-trnf intron
Chatrou et al. unpubl.
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44. Annona
phylogeny
subfamily
Annonoideae
Chatrou et al. 2012
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45. 3 gene strict consensus
bootstrap
trnL - rpl16
ITS2
pilannona
helogenia
macrantha
ilama
atractanthus
gamopetalum
annona
annona
annonula
annonella
atta
atta
atta
oligantha
Annona
Rollinia
phylogeny
Annona (35 / 196)
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46. pilannona
helogenia
macrantha
ilama
atractanthus
gamopetalum
annona
annona
annonula
annonella
atta
phylogeny
molecular
clock
Archaeanthus &
Wikström 2001
oligantha
Annona
Rollinia
cerrado – retro large fl
lianas
26
large flowers
small flowers
23
23
rollinia 2.7
carib
7.7
NW branch
19
16.8
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47. geographical distribution
large pollination
chamber
Annona
- montana / Guanabano do monte
- muricata / Guanabana / Graviola
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48. geographical distribution
small pollination
chamber
Annona
- cherimola / Chirimoya
- reticulata / fruta do conde
- squamosa / Ata, fruta do conde
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49. Annona
still to do
• describe new species
• complete a matrix for principal component analyses
• herbarium work in INPA / CEPEC
• wrap up the bits and pieces (= sabbatical)
desiderata (collaboration !)
• karyology / hybridization
• complement phylogeny
• flower development studies – MADSbox
• field work in Cuba / Hispaniola / Jamaica & Brasil
must
• (better) time (management)
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50. Paul Maas (U - WAG), Wilfried Morawetz
Lars Chatrou (WAG), Elke Döring, Bernhard von Hagen, Martin Röser (HAL),
Charlie Charvis (BM), Armando Urquiola (HPPR), Nelson Zamora (INB), Antonio
Webber (UniAmaz), George Schatz (MO), Bobbi Angell, Jacky Kallunki, Mike Nee
(NY), David Johnson (OWU), Álvaro Pérez (QCA), Adriana Lobão (RB), Renato
Mello-Silva (SPB), Tom Wendt (TEX), Gerhard Gottsberger (ULM), Magda Chanco
(USM), Otto Huber (VEN)
Michael Malicky (LI), Fritz Ehrendorfer, Andrea Frosch-Radivo, Michael Hesse,
Hanna Schneeweiß, Tod Stuessy, Walter Till (WU), Anton Igersheim, Ernst Vitek,
Bruno Wallnöfer (W)
curators
A, ALCB, AAU, AMAZ, B, BAB, BH, BIGU, BM, BOLV, BP, BR, BSC, C, CAY, CEN, CHAPA, COAH, COL,
CR, CUVC, CUZ, CVRD, E, EAP, ECON, EHH, ENCB, F, FDG, FHO, FI, FT, G, GB, GH, GJO, GOET,
GUA, GUAT, GUAY, HAC, HAJB, HAL, HB, HPPR, HRB, HUA, HUEFS, IAN, IBGE, ICA, IJ, INB, INPA, IPA,
JAUM, JE, K, L, LAGU, LE, LI, LINN, LL, LOJA, LPB, LZ, M, MA, MBM, MEDEL, MEXU, MG, MICH, MO,
MY, NA, NY, OXF, P, PH, PI, PMA, PORT, PR, PRC, QCA, QCNE, R, RB, S, SCZ, SEL, SP, SPB, SPF,
STRI, TEFH, TEX, TFAV, TO, U, UB, UCWI, ULM, UPS, US, USM, USZ, UVAL, VEN, W, WAG, WIS,
WRSL, WU, XAL, Z, ZT
Austrian Academy of Sciences, Natural History Museum Vienna, University of Vienna
agradecimientos
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51. Botucatu 2013-08-20
obrigado gracias
dank/e

52. sp. nov.
Photo G. SchatzPhotos P. Fiaschi 20070817
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Annona borboleta