3D Printing - A 2014 Horizonwatching Trend Summary Report

© 2013 IBM Corporation
Contact: Bill Chamberlin, Principal Client Research Analyst / HorizonWatching Community Leader
09May2013
3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing
HorizonWatching Emerging Trend Report

IBM Market Development & Insights
About This Trend Report
 Objective: Improve our understanding of this emerging trend. Provide a reference document
that Community Members can come back to and refer to over and over again during their
ongoing strategy/planning activities.
 Content: Summary information about this emerging trend is provided along with many links to
additional resources. The slides are meant to be read/studied and the links are there for you to
continue your learning. You may want to view the slides in slideshow mode so you can easily
follow the links
2 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing: A HorizonWatching Emerging Trend Report09May2013

Table of Contents
1. Introduction to 3D Printing
2. Marketplace Opportunities and Industry Applications
3. Materials & Technologies
4. Vendor Ecosystem
5. Drivers, Challenges, Implications, Trends to Watch
6. Summary / Recommendations
7. Appendix: Resources for further reading & understanding

Table of Contents
2. Marketplace Opportunities and industry Applications
4. Vendor Ecosystem

3D Printing, also known as Additive Manufacturing, is an emerging
manufacturing technology that will disrupt many industries
“Additive 3D printers deposit resin, plastic or another material, layer by layer, to build up a
physical model. Inkjet 3D printers image successive layers of plastic powder, hardening
each layer on contact, to build up the piece. The size of the part varies with the specific
manufacturer’s printer and whether support structures are required.” – Gartner (link)
Video: TED Talk: Lisa Harouni: A
primer on 3D printing
“Like an office printer that puts 2D digital files
on a piece of paper, a 3D printer creates
components by depositing thin layers of
material one after another using a digital
blueprint until the exact component required
has been created” – Whitehouse.gov (link)
“Additive manufacturing or 3D printing is a
process of making a three-dimensional solid
object of virtually any shape from a digital
model. 3D printing is achieved using an
additive process, where successive layers of
material are laid down in different shapes.” –
Wikipedia (link)

3D Printing: Related Terminology and Keywords
 Additive Manufacturing
 Subtractive Manufacturing
 Additive Fabrication
 Digital Manufacturing
 Digital Supply Chain
 Rapid Prototyping
 Digital Fabrication
 Edge Manufacturing
 Bio Printing
“3D-printing has the potential to transform
science and technology creating bespoke,
low-cost appliances which have previously
required dedicated facilities.” – Cronin
Group (link)

The History of 3D Printing
“The inception of 3D printing can be traced
back to 1976, when the inkjet printer was
invented.” – T.Rowe Price (Infographic)
T.Rowe Price - A Brief History of 3D Printing
“March 11, 1983 - Charles Hull, later the co-
founder of 3D Systems, invents
stereolithography, a printing process that
enables a tangible 3D object to be created
from digital data.” – 3D PrinterPrices.net:
History of 3D Printing
Selected Articles
• 3ders.org: The History of 3D Printing
• 3D PrinterPrices.net: History of 3D Printing
• T.Rowe Price - A Brief History of 3D Printing
• How Stuff Works – history of 3-D Printing
“The earliest development of 3-D printing
technologies happened at Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (MIT) and at a
company called 3D Systems. In the early
1990s, MIT developed a procedure it
trademarked with the name 3-D Printing,
which it officially abbreviated as 3DP.” – How
Stuff Works (link)

Traditional Manufacturing processes creates objects by taking away
material. Additive Manufacturing recreates an object layer-by-layer
from scratch by adding materials.
3D Print Head
Printed
Material
Layers
3D printing is considered distinct from traditional machining techniques, which mostly
rely on the removal of material by methods such as cutting or drilling (subtractive
processes).” – Wikipedia (link)
Subtractive Manufacturing
Additive Manufacturing
Raw
MaterialsProducing a part by removing raw
material via: turning, boring, drilling,
milling, broaching, sawing, shaping,
planing, reaming, and tapping.
A block of metal …. Becomes this part
09May20138 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing: A HorizonWatching Emerging Trend Report

3D Printing Process
3D Printing begins with a CAD 3D Design Model, which is then used
to send specific instructions to the printer about the amount, location
and type of material to use.
Using a 3D digital CAD model as the “blueprint,” successive layers of material are
precisely deposited or fused by a computer controlled “print head” into the desired
3 dimensional shape. No machining of the part is required, thus no raw material
is wasted.
Image sourced from Atlantic Council Report “Could 3D Printing Change the World?”

3D Printing enables the manufacturing of complex shapes and
designs enabling structures that are lightweight, but stronger
All images sourced from www.shapeways.com
“[With 3D printing,] we can actually create structures that are more intricate
than any other manufacturing technology — or, in fact, are impossible to build
in any other way. – Lisa Harouni: A primer on 3D printing

3D Printing is not just for sculptures, jewelry, and toys. The
technology is already producing real finished parts & products
Source: Technology Review
Hinges for a jet-engine cover: The part in the background is the
old machined part. The parts in the foreground are the ones designed and
printed on a 3D printer. The new parts are stronger and lighter in weight.
Source: Ponoko

Table of Contents
4. Vendor Ecosystem

Analysts are predicting growth and opportunity for 3D Printing
“The global market for 3D Printing is projected to
reach US$2.99 billion by the year 2018, driven by
the advent of newer technologies, approaches,
and applications. Expanding use of the technology
in manufacturing final products, declining cost of
printers, and increasing use of 3D printing
technology in newer areas bodes well for market
growth.” – GIA (link)
“By 2015, Wohlers Associates
believes that the sale of AM products
and services will reach $3.7 billion
worldwide, and by 2019, surpass the
$6.5 billion mark.” – Wohler’s
Associates (link)
“We project that 3D printing will be an $8.4 billion
market in 2025 led by automotive, medical, and
aerospace applications. In the longer term, it has
potential to reshape the manufacturing
ecosystem, but it will have the most impact in the
near term for products that are made in small
volumes, require high customization, and are
more cost-tolerant.” – Lux Research (link)
Wohlers Associates 2012 report (link)
“The AM industry has grown in the double digits
for 15 of its 24 years.” – Wohler’s Associates (link)

Source: 2012 Wohler’s Report. Obtained from
http://www.slideshare.net/patrickseaman/3d-printing-edge-manufacturing-white-paper on April 16,
2013
While traditional manufacturing industries will benefit, there are
many other industries that will employ 3D printers
“The technology is used
for both prototyping and
distributed manufacturing
in jewelry, footwear,
industrial design,
architecture, engineering
and construction (AEC),
automotive, aerospace,
dental and medical
industries, education,
geographic information
systems, civil
engineering, and many
other fields..” – Wikipedia
(link)

For all Manufacturers…and users… of 3D objects, 3D Printing will
change what we make, how we make it, and how we acquire it.
Typical Manufacturing Applications
• A prototype for a new product
• A highly customized or complex part or
product
• A product with complex features or
geometries traditional manufacturing
cannot make
• A small run of an existing part / product
• Quick replacement of no-longer-being-
made parts for an older legacy products
• Need for a one-off object fast and can’t
wait for the longer traditional
manufacturing cycle, shipping, customs or
other delays
3D Printing: Make anything you want

Example Medical Applications: Designing and printing artificial limbs
and implants
“Within medical applications, we see the greatest opportunity in orthopedic implants,”
Right now, I think the main thing in medical is that 3-D printing has shown that it can
produce medical devices and parts that will function, but they have not yet shown that they
are superior to traditional devices. Nor have they shown that they’re cheaper, so it’s not
likely that government or insurers will pay for them.” – Lux Research (link)
Cranial ImplantsJaw ImplantsDental Implants
“As 3D scanning technologies, printers, and materials fall in price, there will be rapid and
widespread adoption for medical applications. The market – still in its infancy and worth a
mere $11 million in 2012 – will grow to $1.9 billion in 2025” – Lux Research (link)

3D bioprinting will allow for the printing of cells placed in predetermined
patterns to replicate human tissues, organs, and blood vessels
“Scientists are working on extending the principles of 3D printing to constructing organs and
tissues using bioprinters.” – Gentic Engineering & Biotechnology News (link)
Video: Bioprinting overview at Economist
Ideas (link)
“The NovoGen MMX Bioprinter™ is a novel hardware and software platform at the forefront of
bioprinting research and development. The platform takes primary or other human cells and
shapes them into 3D tissue, with tremendous cellular viability and biology that is superior to
even an animal model.” – Organovo (link)
Example Implications:
• May potentially eliminate the need
for organ donors. New organs
printed using cells harvested from
patient.
• May provide doctors and surgeons
with on-demand human tissue

Table of Contents
4. Vendor Ecosystem

Today’s 3D Printing technologies make use of a wide variety of
materials including plastics, metals, ceramics and even biological
materials.
• Plastics
• Polymers
• Sand & Glue Mixes
• Wax
• Ceramics
• Plaster
• Concrete
Video: 3D Printer With 107 Materials! (link)
Some companies are experimenting with
composite materials such as combining
plastic and cellulose for a wood-like result.
By using multiple print heads, different
materials can be fused or deposited at
different stages, changing the
characteristics of the object.
• Metals
• Paper
• Rubber materials
• Food
• Biological Tissue
• Fabric
• … others
Some 3D printers are capable
of printing with over 100
different materials (see video).

3D Printers employ different types of methods in order to layer
materials and build an object
Method used to
layer material
Description
Material extrusion Material is selectively dispensed through a nozzle or orifice
Material jetting Droplets of build material are selectively deposited
Binder jetting Liquid bonding agent is selectively deposited to join
powder materials
Sheet lamination Sheets of material are bonded to form an object
Vat
hotopolymerization
Liquid photopolymer in a vat is selectively cured by light-
activated polymerization
Powder bed fusion Thermal energy selectively fuses regions of a powder bed
Directed energy
deposition
Focused thermal energy is used to fuse materials by
melting as the material is being deposited.
For more on terminology see ASTM International Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies,

3D Printers Vendors use different technologies based on the type
of material and the method of used to deliver the material
Material
Method
Technology Example Materials
Extrusion Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) Thermoplastics, eutectic metals, edible
materials
Extrusion Bio Printing Biological tissues
Extrusion Liquid Extrusion Food (Cheese, Chocolate, etc.) , Concrete
Wire Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication Almost any Metal Alloy
Granular Electron beam melting EBM Titanium alloys
Granular Selective laser sintering (SLS) Thermoplastics, metals powders, ceramic
powders
Granular Direct metal laser sintering Almost any alloy metal
Granular Powder bed and inkjet head 3d printing Plaster
Granular Candyfab Sugar
Laminated Laminated object manufacturing (LOM) Paper, metal foil, plastic film
Light Stereolithography Photopolymers
Light Digital Light Processing Photopolymers
For more, see ASTM International Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies,

Example: Stereolithography technology uses a vat of liquid ultraviolet
curable photopolymer "resin" and an ultraviolet laser.
For each layer, the laser beam traces a cross-section of the part pattern on the surface of
the liquid resin. Exposure to the ultraviolet laser light cures and solidifies the pattern traced
on the resin and joins it to the layer below.
Note: “stereolithography” was
coined in 1986 by Charles
(Chuck) W. Hull
VIDEO: The process of Stereolithography (SLA)
Source: Wikipedia Commons

Example: Laser Sintering
Laser sintering uses a high power laser(s) to fuse small particles of plastic, metal, ceramic,
or glass powders into the desired three-dimensional shape.
VIDEO: How To Print A 3-D Object With
Laser Sintering

Example: Fused Deposition Modeling
3D printers that run on FDM Technology build parts layer-by-layer by heating thermoplastic
material to a semi-liquid state and extruding it via nozzle (1). The nozzle lays the material
down in layers (2) as a build platform (3) moves according to computer-controlled paths
VIDEO: Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)

Table of Contents
4. Vendor Ecosystem

3D Printing – Selected Major 3D Printer System Vendors
Company Geo Primary Technology Materials
3D-Systems US, AUS, NED, ITA Binder jetting, material jetting, vat
photopolymerization, powder bed
fusion, material extrusion
Metal, polymer
Arcam SVE Powder bed fusion Metal (titanium)
DM3D Technology US Directed energy deposition Metal
Envisiontec GER, US Vat photopolymerization Polymer
EOS GER Powder bed fusion Ceramic, Metal, Polymer
ExOne US, GER, JPN Binder jetting Ceramic, Metal, Polymer
Fabrisonic US Sheet lamination Metal
MakerBot US, Europe, AP Material extrusion Polymer
Optomec US Directed energy deposition Metal
Phenix Systems FRA Powder bed fusion Ceramic, metal
RepRap UK Material extrusion Polymer
Stratasys US, GER, IND, AP Material extrusion, material jetting Polymer, Metals, Ceramics
Voxelijet GER Binder jetting Ceramic, Metal, Polymer

3D Printing – Social Media Sites of Major 3D Printer Vendors
Company Twitter FaceBook YouTube Google+ LinkedIn
3D-Systems 3dsystemscorp 3dsystemscorp rapidprotovideo 3D-Systems 3D-Systems
Arcam ArcamAB ArcamAB Arcam
DM3D Technology
Envisiontec EnvisionTEC EnvisionTEC Envisiontec Envisiontec Envisiontec
EOS EOSGmbH EOS
ExOne ExOneCo Ex-One ExOne3D
Fabrisonic
MakerBot makerbot makerbot makerbot MakerBot MakerBot
Optomec optomec Optomec
Phenix Systems phenixsystemsriom Phenix Systems
RepRap reprap RepRapChannel RepRap
Stratys Stratasys stratasys objetgeometries Stratys Stratys
Voxelijet voxeljet voxeljet Voxelijet

3D Printer Marketplace – Printers Segmented by Price

Other 3D Printer Companies
 Afinia http://www.afinia.com/3d-printers
 Asiga https://www.asiga.com/
 Bits from Bytes http://www.bitsfrombytes.com/
 DesktopFab (Layered Labs) http://new.desktopfab.com/
 Fabricator http://www.fablicator.com/
 FormLabs http://formlabs.com/
 Hewlett-Packard http://www.hp3dprinting.co.uk/
 LeapFrog http://www.lpfrg.com/product/creatr/
 Purple Platypus http://www.purpleplatypus.com/
 ReprapCentral http://www.reprapcentral.com
 Solidscape, Inc. http://www.solid-scape.com/
 Voxeljet http://www.voxeljet.de/en/
 Ulitmaker http://www.ultimaker.com/
 Zcorp http://www.zcorp.com/en/home.aspx
See more at
http://wohlersassociates.com/manufacturers-and-
developers.html
Ulitmaker: http://www.ultimaker.com

Selected 3D Software Companies
 Alibre http://www.alibre.com/
 AutoDesk 123D http://www.123dapp.com/
 Carrara8 http://www.daz3d.com/products/carrara
 Blender http://www.blender.org/
 Cimatron Limited http://www.cimatron.com/
 Dassault Systemes http://www.3ds.com/
 Geomagic http://www.geomagic.com/en/
 Poser Pro http://poser.smithmicro.com/poser.html
 Rhino3D http://www.rhino3d.com/
 Sandboxr http://www.sandboxr.com/
 Scenect (Faro Technologies) http://www.faro.com/en-US/scenect
 TurboCad http://www.turbocad.com/
See more at http://wohlersassociates.com/software.html
AutoDesk 123D:
http://www.123dapp.com/

Selected 3D Design, Content & Printing Services
 3Dvia http://www.3dvia.com/
 3D Studio http://www.the3dstudio.com/
 Digital Forming http://www.digitalforming.com/
 Freedom of Creation
http://www.freedomofcreation.com
 i.materialise http://i.materialise.com/
 Kraftwurx http://www.kraftwurx.com/
 Ponoko https://www.ponoko.com/
 RepRapPro http://reprappro.com/
 Sculpteo http://www.sculpteo.com/en/
 Shapeways http://www.shapeways.com/
 Thingverse http://www.thingiverse.com/
 Digimorph
http://digimorph.org/resources/3dprinting.phtml
See more at http://wohlersassociates.com/service-providers.html
Shapeways: http://www.shapeways.com

3D Printing – Vendor Industry Case Studies & Applications
Company Case Studies & Application Descriptions
3D-Systems Success Stories, Transportation, Energy, Consumer Products, Recreation,
Healthcare, Education
Arcam Aerospace, Orthopedic Implants
Envisiontec Aerospace, Architecture, Automotive, Consumer Packaged Goods, Dental,
Education, Electronics, Hearing Aids, Jewelry, Manufacturing, Medical, Sporting
Goods, Toys
EOS Aerospace, Automotive, Industry, Lifestyle Products, Medical
ExOne Aerospace, Energy/Oil/Gas/Pumps, Automotive, Medical/Biomedical
Morris Technologies Medical, Engineering, Aerospace (note: (Morris Technologies is now part of GE Aviation))
Optomec Alternative Energy, 3D Printed Electronics, Metal Components
Solidscape Jewelry, Manufacturing, Dental, Orthodontics, Education
Stratasys Aerospace, Architecture, Automotive, Commercial Products, Consumer Goods,
Defense, Dental, Education, Entertainment, Medical
Voxelijet References

3D Printing Services vendors will print an object using your 3D
Design and then mail the object to you.
Company Location Target Market Materials
Supported
Max Object
Size
Adv.
Delivery
3DProparts* USA (SC, TN,WA) Industry, Engineers 18 36”x24”x36” 5-10 days
Core USA (WI) Industry, Engineers,
Inventors
4 24”x20”x24” 4-10 days
Imaterialise Belgium Artists, Designers 13 24”x20”x24” 5-15 days
InTech
Industries
USA (MN) Industry, Engineers 15 25.6”x29.5”x21.65” 5-15 days
Ponoko USA, Germ, Italy,
NZ, UK
Hobbyists, Designers 11 19”x19”x19” 14-21 days
Redeye* USA (MN),
Belgium, AUS
Industry, Engineers 20 36”x24”x36” 3-5 days
Sculpteo France Hobbyists, Designers 35 27”x25”x22” 1-3 days
Shapeways USA (TX) Hobbyists, Designers 12 28”x15”x23” 10-21 days
ZoomRP* USA (CA) Industry, Engineers 6 19.3”x15.4”x7.8” 1-7 days
Source: 3DPrinter Hub, Bill Chamberlin
Example Vendors
* 3DProparts is owned by 3D Systems. Redeye is owned by Stratasys, ZoomRP is owned by Solid Concepts

Sculpteo advertises their “3D Printing Cloud Engine”
http://www.sculpteo.com/en/cloud/
“Sculpteo is an cloud based 3D-printing solution that enables you to create and manage your
own on-demand manufacturing service wherever you are. List your designs, choose
customization options and materials... Within 4 hours, you integrate and benefit of the
amazing technology of 3D-printing!.” - Sculpteo (link)

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110+ Smart Grid™
production facilities worldwide
Kraftwurx’s cloud-based 3D printing solution is called “Digital
Factory™”
“In 2004, we set out to build a
platform that empowers everyone to
create, showcase, buy and sell
personalized products with 3D
Printing. We envision a world where
the power to create and manufacture
new products is placed into the hands
of everyday people”. Kraftwurx (link)
“Digital Factory™ is a patented & patent-pending scalable cloud-based platform for on-
demand 3D-Printing. We've combined a powerful e-commerce solution with Enterprise
Resource Planning technology and powerful tools that empowers consumers to customize
their own products, into one seamless solution.”. Kraftwurx (link)

Shapeways is a 3D Printing marketplace and community
“On Shapeways, individuals can make, buy and sell their own products. By providing a
platform for our community members to share ideas and gain access to cutting edge
technology, we're bringing personalized production to everyone, whether you're already
designing in 3D or are looking to find something just right. We 3D Print everything on-
demand, which means that every order is customized and personalized.” Shapeways (link)
VIDEO Shapeways 3D Printing &
the Culture of Creativity

3D Printing Services are active on Social Media platforms
Company Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Blog YouTube Google+
3DProparts* 3dsystemscorp 3dsystemscorp 3d-systems 3dsystems rapidprotovideo 3dsystems
Core COREengineers COREConsultingL
LC
core-consulting-llc core-usa
Imaterialise imaterialise i.materialise i.materialise imaterialise imaterialise
InTech
Industries
InTechRP InTechIndustriesIn
corporated
InTechIndustries InTech Industries
Ponoko ponoko Ponoko Ponoko Ponoko Ponoko
Redeye* 3d_printers RedEye-On-
Demand and
stratasys
Stratasys stratasys ObjetGeometries Stratasys
Sculpteo sculpteo sculpteo sculpteo Sculpteo Sculpteo
Shapeways shapeways shapeways Shapeways Shapeways Shapeways
ZoomRP* solidconcepts solidconcepts solid-concepts-inc solidconcepts solid-concepts-
inc
* 3DProparts is owned by 3D Systems. Redeye is owned by Stratasys, ZoomRP is owned by Solid Concepts
Example Vendors

Segmentation: 3D Printer Vendors are developing products and
services for four different user segments
 Designers – Artists, sculptors, architects, and creators
who use 3D printers to reduce the time and effort it takes to
create prototypes and finished products.
 Professionals – Engineers, machinists, industrial
designers are using 3D printers to improve the product
development process, lower the time to market, and reduce
costs.
 Consumers – Home owners / consumers who use 3D
printer services or have 3D printers.
 Hobbyists – Early adopters, called ‘makers’, who love to
tinker with the technology in their Garages and Basements.
They make tools, kids toys, jewelry, and also serious
breakthrough products.
Example: 3D Systems Product Segmentation http://www.3dsystems.com/
Units shipped: Personal 3D Printers
Source: 2012 Wohler’s Report.
Obtained from The Economist April 12, 2012

Table of Contents
3. Materials &Technologies
4. Vendor Ecosystem

3D Printing – Selected Drivers and Challenges
Key Drivers
• Print when & where you need it
• Lower costs: R&D, Materials, Production,
Inventory, Supply Chain
• Design Flexibility = New innovative objects, mass
customization
• Product Development = Rapid Prototyping,
Accelerated Time to Market, New Materials, Better
Products, Customization
• Hype drives interest
Challenges
• Designs: IP / legal issues
• Materials performance
• Printer throughput
• Market Immaturity
• Piece part economics
• Object size limitations
• Tolerances / accuracy
• Standards
“Due to fragmented coordination of the
AM community, there is a need to
engage all stakeholders–including
individuals from government,
academia, and industry– at a
workshop to discuss common issues of
importance that span all organizations
and markets”.. – Institute for Defense
Analysis: Additive Manufacturing:
Status and Opportunities
“Printing custom 3D objects has tremendous potential in the
prototyping, modeling and consumer markets, but it needs to find
a cost-effective approach to gain critical mass. ” – Gartner (link)
“The primary challenge for 3D printing at the industrial
scale is not that it is limited or ineffective. 3D printing’s
biggest bugbears: simplicity, quantity and speed” –
innovation Investment Journal (link)

Implications: Improved product development process yields more
efficient designs, design changes, and more effective experimentation
which results in superior products
New Product Designs:
• Designs that cannot be built using ANY other
manufacturing process
• Custom surface coatings & textures,
• Stronger materials only where you need them
• Embedding secondary functional materials (optical /
electrical).
Co-Creation: Customers actively participate in the design
of the products they will buy. Increasingly, they will design
their own products
Better Products: Products have superior
characteristics (highly complex geometries, materials)
and are customized for the end users.
Rapid Prototyping
• Reduces the need for tooling, machining, and
handcrafting prototypes
• No long lead times for castings, forgings, molds, etc.
• No need to maintain inventories of castings, forgings,
molds, etc.
• Experimentation is faster, easier
VIDEO: Shapeways 3D Printing &
the Culture of Creativity
“The ability to produce highly complex
designs with powerful computer software
and turn them into real objects with 3D
printing is creating a new design
language.” – Economist (link)

Implications: Manufacturing & Production
• Optimizing the production of custom single
units and low volume production runs
• Reduced capital investment &
component/sub-assembly inventories
• Reduce the need to maintain an inventory of
physical molds.
• Reduces the need for tooling (molds / drills /
cutters) and the skilled labor necessary to
run those different types of machines
• Enables printing on demand without build-
up of inventories
• Sustainability: Up to 90% less material
used / Up to 90% less energy used.
• Reduced material consumption
• Efficient supply chains
• Optimized product efficiency
• Lighter weights components
• Reduced lifecycle burden
The Economist: The third
industrial revolution
HBR: 3-D printing will change the world

Implications: Supply Chains
• Production moves closer to end user
• Shipping of designs instead of products
• Bring a portion of manufacturing back to
home country
• Outsourcing production in large volumes
to offshore facilities is less cost effective.
• New lean yet agile supply chain
• Distributed manufacture
• Manufacture and the point of consumption
• Demand pull business models
• Stockless supply chains
• Chainless supply chains (home
manufacture)
• Post Office, UPS, FedEx?
“Designs, not products, would move
around the world as digital files to be
printed anywhere by any printer that
can meet the design parameters. The
Internet first eliminated distance as a
factor in moving information and now
AM eliminates it for the material
world.” – Atlantic Council (link)
“Assembly lines and supply chains
can be reduced or eliminated for
many products. The final product—or
large pieces of a final product like a
car—can be produced by AM in one
process unlike conventional
manufacturing in which hundreds or
thousands of parts are assembled. ”
– Atlantic Council (link)

Implications: New Business Opportunities
• Lowers Barriers to entry for new businesses
• Less Capital: No tooling, going directly from
computer file to part
• Everyone can be a designer, manufacturer and
retailer of 3D objects
• New distribution channels for 3D designs
• New distribution channels for 3D objects
• Raw Materials - New distribution channels,
packaging, and pricing for raw materials
• New startups
• Cloud based 3D printing / Additive Manufacturing
systems and services
• 3D Scanners & Scanning services
“Given the relatively low cost of 3D printers, consider purchasing and experimenting with
these devices to explore potential uses in your industry — for example, to create parts (in
manufacturing), promotional materials (for retailers or consumer goods firms) or scale
models (for architecture, engineering or construction firms).” – Gartner (link)
“AM is not only a
disruptive technology that
has the potential to
replace many conventional
manufacturing processes,
but also an enabling
technology allowing new
business models, new
products and new supply
chains to flourish.” –
Econolyst (link)

Implications: New Business Opportunity Example Scenario
Scenario: A design shop in Michigan, USA, posts a 3D CAD design for part for
a1965 Italian car on the Internet
A customer in Italy searching for the part, finds the 3D Design file on the internet,
purchase the rights to print one copy, and contracts with a Italian local 3D printer
services firm to print the part.
Result: While the design for the item originates in the USA, the item is
manufactured in Italy, so there are no USA sales taxes, international shipping, or
import/customs duties.
Suddenly, the US auto parts company is competitive in Italy.

Implications: Nanoscale 3D microfabrication
“Printing microstructures with features a few hundred nanometers in size could be useful
for making heart stents, microneedles for painless shots, gecko adhesives, parts for
microfluidics chips, and scaffolds for growing cells and tissue. Another important
application could be in the electronics industry, where patterning nanoscale features on
chips currently involves slow, expensive techniques.” – MIT Technology Review (link)
285 µm racecar. Source: Vienna
University (link)
“Nanoscribe's technology for the fabrication of
three-dimensional micro- and nanostructures of
photo-sensitive materials is based on "direct laser
writing", i.e., a non-linear two-photon absorption
process.” – Nanoscribe (link)
Video: TEDxVienna - Klaus Stadlmann - The
world's smallest 3D Printer (link)
Source: Nanoscribe (link)

Implications: Electronics
“Printing these electronic components directly on or inside the physical device eliminates
the need for separate printed circuit boards, cabling and wiring thereby reducing weight
and size while also simplifying the assembly process.” – Optomec (link)
Guardian: How 3D printing could
revolutionise the solar energy industry (link)
Shapeways: Are You Ready to 3D Print
Electronics on to Your 3D Printed Designs?
(link)
WIRED: 3-D Printers Will Build Circuit
Boards ‘In 2 Years’ (link)
3ders.org: Progress on 3D printed circuit
board (link)

Implications: Chemistry & Life Sciences
TED Video: Lee Cronin: Print your own
medicine (link)“Chemist Lee Cronin is working on a
3D printer that, instead of objects, is
able to print molecules. An exciting
potential long-term application: printing
your own medicine using chemical
inks.” – TEDTalks (link)
“An attractive but unexplored application is using the 3D-printer to initiate chemical
reactions by printing the reagents directly into the 3D-reactionware matrix, putting
reactionware design, construction and operation under digital control.” – Cronin Group
(link)
(link)

Implications: Food Industry
Solve for X: Andras Forgacs on
sustainable, scalable meat (link)
“Food is the next frontier. We’re already
printing in chocolate, so a lot of these
things will be possible in the next few
years.” – Janne Kyattanen, 3D
Systems (link)
“Modern Meadow applies the latest
advances in tissue engineering to
develop novel biomaterials to address
some of our most pressing global
challenges. We develop cultured leather
and meat products which require no
animal slaughter and much lower inputs
of land, water, energy and chemicals.” –
Modern Meadow (link)

CopyWright, Patent, Trademark and Design IP Issues
3ders.org Blog: Progress on 3D Printed
Circuit Board (link)
“Before you know it, we’ll be building circuit
boards with 3-D printers. In other words, 3-
D printers will help us manufacture PCs. Or
even, other 3-D printers.” – WIRED (link)
“Printing these electronic components
directly on or inside the physical device
eliminates the need for separate printed
circuit boards, cabling and wiring thereby
reducing weight and size while also
simplifying the assembly process.” –
Optomec (link)
Wired: 3-D Printers Will Build Circuit
Boards ‘In 2 Years’ (link)

3D Printing – Selected Trends to Watch For
• Materials: Advances in metals and other materials.
• Industrial Strength 3D/AM Systems (speed, quality, size,
etc)
• Clouds: 3D cloud-based design software & services.
Mobile Cloud versions too.
• Legal: IP, Trademark, Copywright issues, Expiration of Key
Patents,
• New Business Models, New startups
• Impact on Education, Food, and Healthcare/Medical
Industries
• Inventories. Application of AM to finished goods
• Consumer Marketplace: Low cost personal 3D printers and
scanners drives consumer adoption
• Future Scenarios
• 3D printer service in the local strip mall / shopping center.
• 3D printers mounted on Military Vehicles, Space Station, Oil Rigs,
and deployed on the Moon/Mars.
• Large 3D printers that build buildings
• 3D printers that make meals
• 4D printing = self assembly
CNET: Future of 3D printing
is bright, says SXSW panel
(link)

Table of Contents
3. Materials &Technologies
4. Vendor Ecosystem

Summary Thoughts/Observations
• 3D Printed parts can be made to be as strong, or stronger, than parts made via
traditional manufacturing methods
• Parts can be made in hours or days, compared to weeks or even months with
traditional methods, with cost savings up to 10x or more
• The finished 3D Printed product, such as aviation components, can be up to
60% lighter, compared to traditionally machined part
• Can be complete one-piece item, without need for welds or fasteners
• 3D Printing does not require the tooling, setup and experienced and skilled
labor that traditional manufacturing methods require
• Can build new classes of items with complex geometries that are not possible
with traditional methods
• The time to take a digital design from concept to production is dropping, with
some estimates it will drop another 50%-80%

Table of Contents
4. Vendor Ecosystem

3D Printing – Analyst Resources
• Econolyst - Document Archive
• Institute for Defense Analysis: Additive Manufacturing:
• Gartner 3D Photo Booth Will Help Drive Awareness
and Momentum for 3D Printing
• Gartner Emerging Technology Analysis: 3D Printing
• Gartner: Gartner Says Early Adopters of 3D Printing
Technology Could Gain an Innovation Advantage Over
Rivals
• Gartner: How 3D Printing Disrupts Business and
Creates New Opportunities
• Global Industry Analysts - 3D Printing: A Global
Strategic Business Report
• Global Industry Analysts: Global 3D Printing Market to
Reach US$2.99 Billion by 2018
• Lux Research: Building the Future: Assessing 3D
Printing’s Opportunities and Challenges
• Wohlers Associates: The Future of Additive
Manufacturing and Recent Trends in Additive
Manufacturing
“Additive manufacturing is having a
significant impact on the way some
companies manufacture products. These
organizations — some very small — are
successfully applying the technology to
the production of finished goods.. It could
very well have a greater breadth of
impact on manufacturing than any other
technology in recent history.” – Wohlers
Associates (link)
“Printing custom 3D objects has
tremendous potential in the prototyping,
modeling and consumer markets, but it
needs to find a cost-effective approach to
gain critical mass. Technology and
service providers can use this analysis to
determine the best growth opportunities
in the 3D printing market.” – Gartner (link)

3D Printing – Additional Information and Resources
• Atlantic Council: Could 3D Printing Change the World?
• Econolyst: 3D Printing & Additive Manufacturing
(presentation)
• Economist: Solid Print
• Electronics.CA - Global 3D Printing Market to Reach
US$2.99 Billion by 2018
• Forbes: 3D Printing Industry Will Reach $3.1 Billion
Worldwide by 2016
• Institute for Defense Analysis: Additive Manufacturing:
• MoJo 3D Printing A New Mindset in Product Design
• National Additive Manufacturing Institute
• Stratasys Products
• T. Rowe Price: 3D Printing
• US Government: Report to the President on Capturing
Domestic Competitive advantage in Advanced
Manufacturing
• Wikipedia: 3D Printing
• Wohlers Associates: The Future of Additive Manufacturing
Economist: Solid Print

3D Printing – Selected Videos (page 1/2)
 16x9 On Global: 3D Printing: Make anything you want, 28Jan2013,
14 min.
 3D Systems: Cube 3D Printer, Jan2013, 1 min.
 Griffith University: Amazing 3D Printing, Feb2013, 3 min.
 Andras Forgacs: Bioprinting overview at Economist Ideas,
18June2012, 5 min.
 ARC Advisory Group: Additive Manufacturing Systems - 3D
Printing, 01Mar2013, 6 min.
 CBS News Online: Is 3D printing the future of manufacturing?
02Mar2013, 4 min.
 CNET: The Future of 3D Printing, 23Jan2013, 18 min.
 Explaining The Future: The 3D Printing Revolution, 05Apr2012, 6
min.
 ExOne: 3D Metal Printing, 13Dec2010, 5 min.
 Ignite: Why I love my 3D Printer, by Schuyler St. Leger, April2013,
5 min.
 PBS: Will 3D Printing Change the World? 28Feb2013, 7 min.
 Penn State: How 3D Metal Printing May Change Manufacturing,
10Jan2013, 3 min.
 Singularity University: Scott Summit, The Future of 3D Printing,
02Aug2010, 50 min.
 Steve Hawking's A Brave New World: Additive Manufacturing,
21Sept2012, 8 min.
Video: How 3D Metal Printing May
Change Manufacturing

3D Printing – Selected Videos (page 2/2)
 Stratasys: 3D Printer a Game Changer for Architecture
Design, 05Mar 2012, 5 min.,
 Stratasys: 3D Printed Snake, Gears, Art, Wrench and more,
05Apr 2012, 8 min.,
 Stratasys: Additive Manufacturing 101 - Changing the Future
of Product Development and Manufacturing, 12 Feb 2013, 35
min.
 Stratasys: Digital Orthodontics with Stratasys 3D Printing!,
12Mar2013, 3 min.
 TED Talks: Lisa Harouni: A primer on 3D printing, Nov 2011,
15 min.
 TED Talks: Skylar Tibbits: The emergence of 4D printing
April 2013, 8 min.
 TEDxTalks: 3D printing and its applications: Wilfried Vancraen,
28Apr 2012, 17 min.
 TEDxSalzburg: State of the Art in 3D printing - Siavash
Mahdavi, 28Oct 2012, 15 min.
 TheCreators Project: Leaders Of The 3D Printing Revolution
14Jan 2013, 7 min.
 University Sheffield: Additive Manufacturing, 18Dec 2012, 7
min.
 Virgina Tech: Creating the Next-Gen Designers /
Manufacturing Via additive Manufacturing, (Registration
required), 19March2013, 55 min.
VIDEO: Skylar Tibbits: The emergence
of "4D printing"
TED Blog: 7 talks on the wonder of
3D printing

3D Printing – Selected Videos on Metal Applications
 3TRPD - Metal 3D Printing and 3T's Metal 3D Printing
Process and Metal part being built using Additive
Manufacturing (3D Printing)
 ARCAM - Direct Manufacturing Electron Beam Melting
 CSIRO Titanium additive manufacturing layer by layer
 Design World Video: Morris Technologies at the Rapid
Conference & Exposition
 Discovery Channel: How It's Made 3D Metal Printing
 ExOne: ExOne Metal Printing Process
 GPI Prototype: Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) Overview
 Morris Technologies: DMLS
 NASA: Space Launch System Using Futuristic Tech to Build
Rockets
 RPM Associates: Laser Deposition Technology
VIDEO: GPI Prototype: Direct Metal Laser
Sintering (DMLS) Overview

3D Printing – Selected Reports & White Papers (page 1/2)
 Disney Research - Printed Optics: 3D Printing of Embedded
Optical Elements for Interactive Devices, 10 pages, Jul2012
 Educause - 7 Things You Should Know About 3D Printing, 2
pages, Jul2012
 Gilmore & Company - Three Dimensional Thinking, 2 pages,
Dec2012
 Institute for Emerging Innovation - What's the Deal with
Copywright and 3D Printing? by Michael Weinberg, 23 pages,
Jan2013
 Envision, Inc. - 3D Printing Makes the Impossible Possible, 2
pages, Oct2011
 Institute for National Strategic Studies - Toward the Printed
World: Additive Manufacturing and Implications for National
Security, by McNulty, Arnas, and Campbell, Sept2012
 Nixon Peabody, LLP - 3D printing: new “disruptive technology”
raises serious, intellectual property questions, By John A.
Chatowski, 2 pages, Dec2012
 Science and Technology Policy Institute - Additive
Manufacturing: Status and Opportunities, by Justin Scott, et al.,
2012
 T Rowe Price - A Brief History of 3D Printing, 2 pages, May2012
 Technology Strategy Board - Inspiring new design freedoms in
additive manufacturing/3D printing, Competition for Collaborative
R&D Funding, Oct2012
Institute for National Strategic Studies
Toward the Printed World: Additive
Manufacturing and Implications for National
Security

3D Printing – Selected Reports & White Papers (page 2/2)
 Technology Strategy Board - Shaping our National
Competency in Additive Manufacturing, by the Additive
Manufacturing Special Interest Group, 36 pages,
Nov2012
 The Center for Climate and Security - The 3D Printing
Revolution, Climate Change and National Security: An
Opportunity for U.S. Leadership, by Werrell and Femia,
Dec2012, 11 pages
 The Economist - Additive manufacturing - Solid Print,
Making things with a 3D printer changes the rules of
manufacturing, Apr2012
 The Work Foundation (Lancaster University) - Why Britain
needs a policy framework for 3D printing, by Sissons and
Thompson, 38 pages, Oct2012
 University College London - 3D-Printing of Non-
Assembly, Articulated Models, 8 pages, Sept2012
 US DOE - Additive Manufacturing: Pursuing the Promise,
2 pages, Aug2012
 Wyse Institute - Jennifer A. Lewis, pioneer in 3D printing
and bioinspired materials, joins Harvard faculty, 2 pages,
Jan2013
Technology Strategy Board - Shaping our National
Competency in Additive Manufacturing, by the
Additive Manufacturing Special Interest Group

3D Printing – Selected Articles (page 1/2)
 3D Printing Industry.com: 3D Printing has Reached the Upper
Echelons of US Politics — 2013 State of the Union Address, By
Rachel Park, February 13, 2013,
 3ders.org: Top 100 websites 2012 in 3D Printing Industry, 9Dec2012
 Ceramic Industry - Introduction to Additive Manufacturing, By Cheyne
Hoag, Holly Shulman Ph.D., and Drew Spradling December 3, 2012
 CNCKing.com Blog: 3D Printer Additive Technology Overview, May
2012
 ComputerWeekly.com - How 3D printing impacts manufacturing, by
Kathleen Hall, February 2013
 DesignNews.com - 3D Printing Flies High, by Ann R. Thryft, Senior
Technical Editor, Materials & Assembly, October, 15, 2012
 ExplainingTheFuture.com - 3D Printing
 Forbes - How HP Could Reinvent 3D Printing...and Itself, Steve
Faktor, Contributor, October 2012
 Forbes: Manufacturing The Future: 10 Trends To Come In 3D
Printing, 07 Dec 2012
 Harvard Business Review, 3-D Printing Will Change the World, by
Richard A. D'Aveni, Bakala Professor of Strategy at Dartmouth’s Tuck
School of Business, March 2013
 IEEE Spectrum: A 3-D Printer for Human Embryonic Stem Cells, 2
Apr 2013
ComputerWeekly.com - How 3D printing impacts
manufacturing, by Kathleen Hall, February 2013

3D Printing – Selected Articles (page 2/2)
 Inc. Magazine: 3D Printing: Everything You Need to Know 14Feb2013
 Industry Week - Additive Manufacturing in the Spotlight, by Travis Hessman,
September 2012
 Inventing the Future: Intellectual Property and 3D Printing, by Matthew
Rimmer, October 18, 2012
 iPurchase - 7 Ways that Additive Manufacturing is Changing How and What
We Design, By Joan Lockhart, VP of Marketing, Geomagic, September 2012
 Machine Design - The changing face of 3D printing, Leslie Gordon, Senior
Editor, February 2013,
 NPR: From Guns To Chocolate: The Possibilities Of 3-D Printing, 21 FEB
2013
 PHYSorg.com: Building a lunar base with 3D printing, 31 Jan 2013
 Plastics News: Additive manufacturing market hits $1.7 billion, By: Bill
Bregar, June 6, 2012
 Seeking Alpha: 3D Printing's Intersection Of Promise And Reality: An
Interview With Terry Wohlers, 26Feb2013
 TCT Manufacturing, The 3D printing reality distortion field, by Joris Peels,
February 26, 2013,
 Wired: Why 3-D Printing Won’t Turn Your Home Into a Factory 21Mar2013,
Inc. Magazine: 3D Printing:
Everything You Need to Know
14Feb2013

3D Printing – Selected Articles & Websites for Metal Applications
 3D Systems: Direct Metal SLM
 Additive3D: Direct Additive Fabrication of Metal Parts and Injection Molds
 Business Insider: GE Is So Stoked About 3D Printing, They're Using It To
Make Parts For Jet Engines
 Cockrell School of Engineering at The University of Texas at Austin:
Selective Laser Sintering, Birth of an Industry
 ExtremeTech: NASA 3D prints rocket parts — with steel, not plastic
 GE Oil & Gas: Additive Manufacturing: the roots of a revolution
 GPI Prototype & Manufacturing Services: DMLS - Direct Metal Laser
Sintering
 Machinery: Not fast enough
 MIT Technology Review: Additive Manufacturing - GE, the world's largest
manufacturer is on the verge of using 3-D printing to make jet parts
 Morris Technologies (now part of GE Aviation): DMLS : Additive Metal
Manufacturing and EBM
 CRP Technology: Selective Laser Melting and Electronic Beam Melting
 PomGroup: DM3D Technology
 Rapid Ready Technology: Articles tagged "Electron Beam Melting (EBM)”
 Sandia National Laboraties: Laser Engineered Net Shaping
 Sandvik Materials Technology: Metal powder for all additive manufacturing
techniques
 Wikipedia: Electron beam melting and Selective laser melting and Selective
laser sintering and Direct metal laser sintering and Laser engineered net
shaping
MIT Technology Review: Additive
Manufacturing - GE, the world's
largest manufacturer is on the
verge of using 3-D printing to
make jet parts

3D Printing – Selected Slide Decks & Presentations (page 1/2)
 3D Printing, Design Intuition by Katie Hatch, 6 slides, Jan2012
 3D Printing & Additive Manufacturing, “Extending your printing
capability in true 3D”, by Dr Phil Reeves, Econolyst Ltd, UK,
June2012, 66 slides
 3D Printing: A New Disruptive Technology? Legal Challenges
and Questions, Eckert Seamans, 77 slides, May2012
 3D Printers, bio-printers and physibles, by Stephen Larroque,
Univ. Pierre-and-Marie Curie of Paris, 53 pages, Dec2012
 3D Printing: Edge Manufacturing , by Patrick Seaman and Chris
Norman, Pepperwood, 32 slides, Mar2013
 3D Printing - from bits to atoms, by Massimo Menichinelli, 86
pages, Oct2012
 3D Printing Is Just the Beginning: The Future of Makerspaces
within Academic Libraries, by Lisa Kurt and Tod Colegrove, Univ.
of Nevada, Reno , 63 slides, Nov2012
 3D Printing Overview, by Schuyler St. Leger and Jim St. Leger,
21 slides, April2011
 3D Printing/Scanning - from atoms to bits and back, by Massimo
Menichinelli, 110 pages, May2012
 Additive Manufacturing / 3D Printing and CAD, by Yudhi Ariadi,
42 slides, Jan2013
 Additive Manufacturing (3D printing Technology), by Qi (Kevin)
Ge, Univ. of Colorado, 12 slides, Jan2013
Eckert Seamans 3D Printing: A New Disruptive
Technology? Legal Challenges and Questions,

3D Printing – Selected Slide Decks & Presentations (page 2/2)
 Additive Manufacturing, by Chad Duty, Ph.D., Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, US DOE, 21 slides, Mar2013
 Applications of 3D Printing (PI), by Wood & Gibbons,
WMG Innovative Solutions, 27 slides, Oct2012
 History of Additive Manufacturing, by Peter Troxler, 13
slides, Sept2012
 How 3D printing will revolutionize the world and the retail
industry, by Emmanuel Vivier, 51 slides, Mar2013
 How 3D Printers are Used for Design and Manufacturing,
Stratasys, 22 slides, Oct2012
 Putting 3D Printing into your value stream: opportunities
for new business models, by Dr Phil Reeves, Econolyst
Ltd, UK, 60 slides, Oct2012
 Rapid prototyping, by Arvind Deshpande, 27 slides,
Apr2012
 The Business Case for 3D Printing - How to profit from
3D printing technology, by Don Carli, Nima Hunter Inc.,
26 slides, Dec2012
 The Future of 3D Printing, by Jeff Nevi, Apr2012, 10
slides
 The Impact of 3D on Retail, by Alan Thys, FutureLab, 32
Slides, Mar2013
 Trends and visions in 3D printing community, by Jarkko
Moilanen, WANT3D, 25 slides, Jun2012
Econolyst Ltd Putting 3D Printing into
your value stream: opportunities for
new business models

3D Printing – Other Websites, Portals, and Organizations (page 1/2)
 3D Printing Industry
 3D Printing Reviews
 3Ders.org
 Additive Manufacturing
 Additive Manufacturing Consortium
 Additive Manufacturing Users Group
 American Council of Independent
Laboratories
 American National Standards Institute
 American Society of Mechanical Engineers
 American Society of Engineering &
Education
 American Society of Testing Materials
 Association for Manufacturing Technology
 ASTM International
 Design News
3Ders.org

3D Printing – Other Websites, Portals, and Organizations (page 2/2)
 Engineering.com
 Mashable
 Materials Information Society
 National Additive Manufacturing
Innovation Institute
 National Center for Manufacturing
Sciences
 National Tooling & Machining Association
 On 3D Printing
 Rapid Prototyping
 RapidTech
 Science Daily
 Society of Manufacturing Engineers
 Society of Women Engineers
 Wired
National Additive Manufacturing Innovation Institute

3D Printing – Selected Industry Events
 April 9-10 Rapid Prototyping Conference, Movenpick
Hotel, Amsterdam
 April 14-18 Additive Manufacturing Users Group
Conference, Jacksonville, FL
 April 22-23 Inside 3D Printing Conference & Expo, Javits
Convention Center, New York City
 May 8-9 NCDMM Summit 2013, Blairsville, PA
 May 14 - Rapid.Tech 2013, Erfurt, Germany
 June 10-13 RAPID, David Lawrence Convention Center,
Pittsburgh, PA
 June 12-13 Amerimold, Donald E. Stephens Center,
Rosemont, IL
 July 9-10 Additive Manufacturing & 3D Printing
International Conference, Nottingham, UK
 September 25-26 TCT Show + Personalize, Birmingham,
UK
 November 2012 3D Print Show, London (November 7-9),
Paris (November 15-16), New York (2014)
 Calendar of other events
http://www.additive3d.com/conf.htm
June 10-13 RAPID, David Lawrence
Convention Center, Pittsburgh, PA

3D Printing – Selected Books
 3D CAD with Autodesk 123D: Designing for 3D
Printing, Laser Cutting, and Personal Fabrication, by
Jesse Harrington Au, Published by MAKE, June 22,
2013
 3D Printing: The Next Industrial Revolution, by
Christopher Barnatt, May2013
 3D Printing: The Next Technology Gold Rush - Future
Factories and How to Capitalize on Distributed
Manufacturing, by Christopher Winnan, Jan 2013
 Additive Manufacturing Technologies: Rapid
Prototyping to Direct Digital Manufacturing, by Ian
Gibson (Author), David W. Rosen (Author), Brent
Stucker Published by Springer, New York, December
2009
 Fabricated: The New World of 3D Printing, by Melba
Kuman and Hod Lipson, Published by Wiley,
Publication Date: February 11, 2013
 From Bits to Pieces: The Business Innovation
Opportunities of 3D Printing, by Peter Keen, Jan 2013
3D Printing: The Next
Industrial Revolution

3D Printing – Selected Books
 Getting Started with MakerBot, by Pettis, France,
and Shergill, Published by O'Reilly Media,
Dec2012
 Make: Ultimate Guide to 3D Printing, Published by
the Editors of MAKE, Dec2012
 Makers: The New Industrial Revolution, by Chris
Anderson, Published by Crown Business, Oct2012
 The New Industrial Revolution: Consumers,
Globalization and the End of Mass Production, by
Peter Marsh, Published by Yale University Press,
Jul2012
 Practical 3D Printers: The Science and Art of 3D
Printing, by Brian Evans, Published by Apress,
Aug2012
 Printing in Plastic: Build Your Own 3D Printer, by
Patrick Hood-Daniel and James Floyd Kelly,
Published by Apress, Jun2011
 Understanding Additive Manufacturing : Rapid
Prototyping, Rapid Tooling, Rapid Manufacturing,
by Andreas Gebhardt, Published by Hanser
Gardner, Jan2012
Practical 3D Printers: The Science and
Art of 3D Printing, by Brian Evans

3D Printing – Selected Industry Influencers
Source: The TCT Magazine Top 20 Most Influential People in Rapid Technologies and Bill Chamberlin, iBM
Name Company Wikipedia Twitter
Nadra Angerman Angerman Communications Nadra Angerman
Adrian Bowyer Bath University & RepRap Adrian_Bowyer Adrianbowyer
Scott Crump Stratasys S._Scott_Crump S._Scott_Crump
Andras Forgacs Organovo and Modern Meadow atforgacs
Ping Fu Geomagic Ping_Fu pfugeomagic
Todd Grimm T.A. Grimm and Associates
Lisa Harouni Digital Forming LisaHarouni
Neil Hopkinson The University of Sheffield
Chuck Hull 3D Systems Chuck_Hull
Dan Johns Bloudhound SSC
Hans Langer EOS
Bre Pettis MakerBot Bre_Pettis Bre
Jeremy Pullin Renishaw Jezpullin
Gary Rabinovitz Reebok & AMUG
Avi Reichental 3D Systems
David Reis Object
Alice Taylor MakieLab Alice_Taylor
Graham Tromans G.P. Tromans Associates
Wilfried Vancraen Materialise
Peter Weijmarshausen Shapeways weijmarshausen
Terry Wohlers Wohlers Associates

3D Printing – LinkedIn
 LinkedIn Groups:
– 3D Printing – 6647 members
– Additive Manufacturing (AM) Rapid Prototyping (RP) – 2935 Members
– 3D Rapid Prototyping 3DRP – 1711 Members
– 3D Printing Guild – 1711 Members
– TCT + Personalize - 3D Printing & Additive Manufacturing Network – 1401 Members
– ACG - 3D Imaging, 3D Printing, Rapid Prototyping & Additive Manufacturing - 1503
Members
– 3D Printing for Architects – 860 Members
– Medical Additive Manufacturing & Rapid Prototyping – 566 Members
– Additive Manufacturing Users Group (AMUG) – 413 Members
– National Additive Manufacturing Innovation Institute (NAMII) - 251 Members
 LinkedIn Skills search: 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
 People Keyword Search:
– “3D Printing” – 11,783 Results
– “Additive Manufacturing” – 2,239 Results
 People Title Search Search:
– “3D Printing” – 99 Results
– “Additive Manufacturing” – 81 Results

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