1. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Workload Optimized Systems
Jan Klockow
07.05.2013

2. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Agenda
• IBM Research & Development
• IT Trends & Challenges
• Technology Perspective
• Workload Optimizted Systems

3. © 2013 IBM Corporation
20 Consecutive Years as U.S. Patent Leader
5 Nobel Laureates 6 Turing Awards
FORTRAN Relational Database RISC Disk Technology DRAM SOI Deep Blue Watson
SystemsSoftware
Research
Enabling Our
Clients Strategic
Business Needs
IBM Confidential: Material Subject to IBM CDA Agreement
IBM – Investing in Innovation

4. © 2013 IBM Corporation
IBM Germany Lab
Largest IBM Development Lab in Europe
About 1800 Employees
Founded 1953
Sites: Boeblingen (HQ), Mainz, Kassel,
Walldorf, Berlin, Munich, Hamburg
IBM Global R&D Team
About 6 Billion US $ investment in R&D y/y
More than 60.000 Developers, 3.000 Researchers
More than 80 Labs
More than 100 acquisitions since the year 2000
Building the largest IT product portfolio in the world
About 6500 US Patents in 2012 (#1 for 20 years)
4 IBM Germany Research & Development GmbH (Version: 2013-02-22)
Global IBM Research and Development

5. © 2013 IBM Corporation
2012 Patent Leadership (20 yrs of Leadership)
Research
$6B
In R&D
Systems &
Technology
Group
Software
Group
• IBM 6,478 + 4.8%
• Samsung 5,081 + 3.8%
• Canon 3,174 + 12.5%
• Panasonic 2,769 + 8.2%
• Toshiba 2,446 - 1.5%
• Microsoft 2,613 + 13.1%
• Sony 3,032 + 32.6%
• Hon Hai 2,013 + 33%
• General Electric 1,652 + 14.1%
• LG Electronics 1,624 +15.1%
• 15. HP 1,394 + 6.6%
• 18. Intel 1,290 + 3.7%
• * Source: IFI Patent Intelligence

6. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Agenda
• IBM Research & Development
• IT Trends & Challenges
• Technology Perspective
• Workload Optimizted Systems

7. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Current and Future IT Challenges
32,6 Mio. Server world wide
85% of Compute Power
is idleing
15% of all Servers run
24/7, without being utilized
around the clock
Data Center power
consumption doubled in
past 5 years
Energy cost is on the rise
From 2000 to 2010
6x Server Growth
69x Data Growth
In 2015
2x VMs
3x Devices
2x User
6x Data

8. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Rising energy consumption
Exploding complexity due to server
proliferation
Scale-out infrastructures have been growing – and so has the
complexity
Reduce # of servers with
consolidation/Virtualization
Drive to higher IT Utilization
Simplified holistic Systems Management
Faster Deployment
Client needs:
IDC July 2010: The Business Value of Large Scale Server Consolidation

9. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Agenda
• IBM Research & Development
• IT Trends & Challenges
• Technology Perspective
• Workload Optimizted Systems

10. © 2013 IBM Corporation
10
1st Transistor
December 16th, 1947
Bardeen, Brattain, Shokley
Leading edge technology 1947
>60 years Semiconductor evolution – Moore’s law
(example for POWER & System z)
POWER 7+
EC12
597 mm2
2.75 B
567 mm2
2.1 B

11. © 2013 IBM Corporation
“Thick” Gate Oxidpresent future
1.2 nm oxynitride
“Scaled” Gate Oxid
Field effect transistor
Source Drain
Gate
Physical Limits of Traditional Transistor Scaling
• Gate oxid is prone to process variations
• 6 layers of atoms
• +/- 1 atom variation -> 33% variation of thickness
• 33% variation of thickness -> 10-100x higher leakage currents

12. © 2013 IBM Corporation12
Innovation Drives Performance
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
180 nm 130 nm 90 nm 65 nm 45 nm 32 nm 22 nm
Gain by Technology Scaling Gain by InnovationRelative %
of Improvement
IBM Confidential. All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals
and objectives only.
Physics is not permitting permitting performance gains by technology scaling;
however it is still enabling more transistors on a node to node basis

13. © 2013 IBM Corporation
One must Drive Performance Through InnovationOne must Drive Performance Through Innovation
Novel Materials, Structures, Processes, and Architecture
Silicon- on -
Insulator
Low-k
DielectricSiGe Copper
Immersion
Lithography
Strained
Silicon
Optical
Transceiver
eDRAM
High K
Air Gap
Self Assembly
3-D Chip
Stacking
Dual Core

14. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Until 90th1
hydrogen
H
5
boron
B
8
oxygen
O
15
phosphorus
P
14
silicon
Si
33
arsenic
As
13
aluminum
Al
Since 90th 7
nitrogen
N
9
fluorine
F
32
germanium
Ge
22Ti22
titanium
Ti
73Ta73
tantalum
Ta
29
copper
Cu
29
tungsten
W
17
chlorine
Cl
39
yttrium
Y
40
zirconium
Zr
72
hafnium
Hf
23
vanadium
V
41
niobium
Nb
24
chromium
Cr
42
molybdenum
Mo
21
scandium
Sc
75
Rhenium
Re
43
ruthenium
Ru
77
iridium
Ir
45
rhodium
Rh
27
cobalt
Co
78
platinum
Pt
45
palladium
Pd
28
nickel
Ni
57
lanthanium
La
58
cerium
Ce
59
Praeseo
dymium
Pr
60
neodymium
Nd
62
samarium
Sm
63
europlum
Eu
64
gadollinium
Gd
65
terbium
Tb
66
dysprosium
Dy
67
holmium
Ho
68
erbium
Er
69
thullium
Tm
70
ytterbium
Yb
20
calcium
Ca
38
strontium
Sr
56
barium
Ba
12
magnesium
Mg
Since 2006
35Br35
Bromine
Br
30
zinc
Zn
83
bismuth
Bi
6
carbon
C
2
helium
He
54
xenon
Xe
Materials used in Chip Design

15. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Effects on „General Purpose“ System Architecture
Cell: Application, Gaming, 3D rendering Blue Gene: Application, e.g. Protein folding
Single Thread Performance
How fast can a single task be completed
Important for legacy (non-parallel) applications
Core Performance
Total work performed by a single core
Very important for TCO (software pricing)
Throughput Performance
Total amount of work that can be completed
Path to consolidation
Other examples of new System architectures

16. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Optimized Systems – Tuned to the Task
Vertical
Optimization
Horizontal
Optimization
Software
Operating
System
Hardware
System Management
CPU – Storage - Network
Thousands of online users
Large transactional databases
24x7 operation
Fewer users
Complex queries
Multiple data sources
Large data warehouse
Unite content, people and process flows
Orchestrate multiple services
Empower business users
Transaction
Processing
and Database
Business
Intelligence
and Analytics
Business
Process
Management
Matching workloads to systems that are
optimized for the workloads’ characteristics

17. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Three elements are required to design an Optimized System
Virtualization & Operating Systems
Microprocessor Design
Semiconductor Technology
Domain Knowledge
– Workload Characteristics
– Workload interdependencies
– Architecture options
Software
– Full Stack integration
– Middleware tuned for hardware
– Integrated management across
architectures
Hardware
– Multi-core architectures
– Advanced threading
– Low latency
Optimized Middleware
Compilers & Java Virtual Machine
Systems Design
Workload Optimized Systems

18. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Agenda
• IBM Research & Development
• IT Trends & Challenges
• Technology Perspective
• Workload Optimizted Systems
• Goals of „Pure Systems“
• Technology
• Market Momentum

19. © 2013 IBM Corporation
On today’s Smarter Planet, increasing demands are placed on IT
of IT Managers say
Security is the biggest
challenge in adopting
mobility
Technology is the
leading force impacting
business
Are your clients ready?
Cloud Ready?
Data Ready?
Security Ready?
of IT Budgets
used on
maintenance
1 1. Technology factors
2. People skills
3. Market factors
4. Macro-economic factors
5. Regulatory concerns
6. Globalization
organizations fall behind
schedule when
deploying new IT
capabilities
68% 71%
71% of CEOs identify technology as the most important external force
impacting their organizations*

20. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Database
Warehouse
Storage
Services
Analytics
Database
Services
Server
Storage
Web Apps
Services
Specify/Design: Takes 30 days for an IT
infrastructure system
Scale: Lack of dynamic elasticity results in
cumbersome re-allocation or resource addition
Procure: Software and hardware ordered
separately taking 5-20 days
Integrate: Components arrive as “bag of parts” –
requiring optimization
Deploy: Can take weeks to months
Customize/Tune: Meeting Service Level Agreements
requires customization and ongoing tuning
Manage: Managing development, provisioning, and
monitoring with multiple tools is time consuming
Maintain: Separate updates/fixes require separate testing
Upgrade: Months to plan, procure, test; potential
days of downtime
Client Landscape - Growing IT complexity is unsustainable

21. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Clients have Tried Various Approaches to Manage IT
Client-tuned
Systems Appliances Cloud
Flexibility
Control
Simplicity
Rapid Deployment
Agility
Elasticity
Time
Expense
Expertise
Single Purpose Shared
Dependence
What if you could have the best of all three?
Benefits
Challenges

22. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Combining the Flexibility of General Purpose
Systems with the Simplicity of an Appliance
– and integrated Expert Knowledge, Ready-
for-Cloud
Servers
Storage
Networking
Virtualization
Management
Development
Middleware
Deployment Applications
Expert Integrated Systems
All hardware and software components
factory integrated and optimized
Born virtualized and ready for cloud
Storage tuned to data needs
Hardware directly tuned to the software
System resource allocation uniquely
optimized per selected pattern for each
application workload

23. © 2013 IBM Corporation
23
IBM Pure Systems
A fully integrated and open infrastructure for unprecedented flexibility
with integrated automation and optimization expertise
Integrated Infrastructure
Flexible and Open Environment Choice
Servers Storage Networking
Integrated, Flexible Management
AIX i Linux Windows
Availability
Virtualization
Platform
PowerVM KVM VMware HyperV
Security
23

24. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Networking
Single Pane of Glass
Management for all resources
Storage
Virtualization
Virtual Images &
Workload Patterns
Library
Virtualization
Servers
Storage
An integrated system yields efficiencies and agility
but it must be simple to use
Integrated
Management
Application
Middleware
Database
Analytics

25. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Starts at Acquisition: A Continuum of Value from Building Blocks to Systems
PURE Systems Integrated by Design
10/40GbE, FCoE,
IB 8/16Gb FC
Networking
Chassis
14 half-wide
bays for nodes
Compute
Nodes
Power 2S/4S
x86 2S/4S
V7000Expansion
in or out of chassis
Storage
Nodes
Flex System
Manager
Management
Appliance
Expansion
PCIe,
Captive
Storage
Flex System - Building Blocks Pure Flex Pure Application / Data
with compute, storage,
networking, physical and
virtual management &
entry cloud management
(Application) designed for
transactional web applications
&enabled for cloud
(Data) ... designed for
transactional, analytics and/or
BigData
Pre-configured, pre-integrated,
integrated expertise
Pure Application / DataInfrastructure Systems

26. © 2013 IBM Corporation
IBM is uniquely positioned to offer infrastructure value and choice
You choose Pre-integrated
• Investment protection
• Designed for the next decade, no compromises
• Works with your existing systems
• Beyond blades
• Compute, storage, networking, management
• Designed and tested for inter-operation
• Simplification
• Management of physical and virtual domains
• Single point of management
• Competitive differentiation
• Choice of architectures, hypervisors, operating systems
• Leading management
Infrastructure Components
Beyond Blades
Integrated Infrastructure
Delivering Infrastructure Services
• Time to value
• Pre-integrated, set up in as little as 4 hours
• Pooled resources, deploy new services rapidly
• New solutions and applications
• Leading ERP, CRM, tens of thousands of available apps.
• Key solutions e.g. Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
• Simplification
• Expert integrated system
• IBM expertise from optimizing thousands of data centers
• Competitive differentiation
• Comprehensive – storage, networking, compute
• Partner ecosystem

27. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Flex System PureFlex PureApplication PureData
Infrastructure
Components
Integrated
Infrastructure
Application
Platform
Data
Platform
Next generation
of Blades
Delivering Infrastructure
Services
Delivering Platform
Services
Delivering Data
Services
PureSystems Family
Nodes
Expansion
Network
Storage
Management

28. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Infrastructure Components
Beyond Blades
• Best Chassis
• Engineered for multiple generations of technology
• Highest I/O bandwidth for future growth
• Multi-platform for maximum flexibility
• Best Compute Nodes
• No compromise design allows you to do more with less
• Mixed architecture design enables infrastructure
standardization and reduced operating expenses
• Best Connectivity Options
• Open standards provides architectural choice
• High speed, low-latency in-chassis switching improves
performance and extends the life of core networks
• Best Management
• Manage IT as one, reducing complexity and automating
everyday manual tasks
• Chassis
• Compute Nodes
• Networking
• Flex System Manager
• Expansion
• Storage
Open choice of architectures, hypervisors, environments –
designed for multiple generations of technology
Architectures Hypervisors Operating Systems

29. © 2013 IBM Corporation
IBM PureFlex: Integrated Infrastructure Overview
• x86 & POWER7+
• Higher VM density, more Memory
• Designed to support the growth of future generations
• Integrated, scalable, 3rd party storage virtualization
• Real-time Compression, Tiering, Pooling
• Choice of Networking: IBM, Cisco, Juniper & Brocade, across multiple protocols
• Industry standard OpenFlow, 802.1 Qbg
• Uncompromised I/O: 40Gb Ethernet, 16Gb Fibre Channel, and 56Gb Infiniband
• Open Choice for compute, network, storage, OS and Hypervisors
• Desktop Virtualization: VirtualBridges, Citrix, VMware and ISV solutions
• Single point of management control for resource virtualization / systems management
• Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
- SmartCloud entry (private cloud)
• End-to-End Life-Cycle Support
• Single point of Contact
• Best industry services organization and Certified Business Partner Network

30. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Integrated Enterprise Chassis
10U chassis
14 bays
Standard and full
Storage (SOD)
4 switch modules
Redundant CMMs
Redundant power
Redundant cooling
• High physical density
• Positional awareness
• Virtual FC and NIC address
• Mixed processor support
• Hot add, hot swap
• Ease of cabling
• Ease of insertion and removal
• High bandwidth, low latency networking
• Integrated management Ethernet
• Designed to support the future
Front View Rear View
SOD = Planned Statement of Direction. IBM plans subject to change.

31. © 2013 IBM Corporation
14 Node Bays
(7 Full Wide)
Size: 10 U
19” Rack
Nodes:
Power
Intel
Flex System Mgr
Flex System Enterprise Chassis View
Filler
Filler
Filler
Filler
p260 Power Node
PCIe
Expan
Filler
Flex System Mgr X240 System x Node
p260 Power Node
x440 System x Node
p460 Power Node
X240 System x Node

32. © 2013 IBM Corporation
10 U
CMM
Fans
High Speed
Switch (4X)
Power Supplies
(6X)
IBM Flex System Enterprise Chassis Rear View

33. © 2013 IBM Corporation
IBM Flex & PureFlex System: technology leadership in compute
New Compute Node Choices: Leading edge compute technologies deliver an
open architecture, operating system and hypervisor choice
IBM Flex System p260
Enhanced
IBM Flex System p24L
IBM Flex System x220
Enhanced
IBM Flex System x240
IBM Flex System x440
New
IBM Flex System
PCI expansion node
Storage expansion node
IBM Flex
System p460

34. © 2013 IBM Corporation
IBM Flex System – technology leadership
Integrated IBM Flex System V7000 Storage Node:
• Integrated by Design: automates deployment with full
integration into IBM PureFlex
• Simplified Experience: simplifies management
significantly with an intuitive user interface for ease of use
and faster system accessibility
• Built-in Expertise:
• Virtualizes third-party storage for investment protection: up to
30% higher storage utilization
• Optimizes performance and costs for mixed workloads: up to
200% higher performance with automatic migration to SSDs
• Stores up to 5x more active primary data in the same
physical disk space using IBM Real-time Compression

35. © 2013 IBM Corporation
IBM PureFlex System – technology leadership in networking
Brocade switch
16Gb Fibre Channel Adapter
8/16Gb Fibre Channel Switch
(24 port version, Brocade based)
Leading storage area networking (SAN)
solution
End-to-end 8/16 GB SAN connectivity
Flexibility for data centers, increasing
availability & reliability
Solution allows:
Network administrators to manage servers,
storage and networks as one logical unit
Investment protection; growth in ports,
bandwidth

36. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Flex System Manager – Simplified Management Experience
Management integration across all physical and virtual resources
• Manage physical/virtual resources across
compute, storage, network
• Manage workloads while the system
automatically manages resources
• Thousands of end points at your fingertips
with Quick Find

37. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Flex System ManagerFlex System Manager
Servers Network Storage Security Virtualization
Cloud
Mobile UI
• Comes pre-installed and pre-configured
• Auto-discovery and inventory of hardware
• Single pane of glass
• Fully integrated across compute, network, and storage
• User friendly chassis maps
• Born virtualized so you can deploy workloads day one
• Embedded serviceability for speedy problem resolution
Platform Management Expertise: Flex System Manager

38. © 2013 IBM Corporation
ManagementCompute
Virtualization
OS
Network
Compute
Storage
X86
IBM
HP
EMC
NetApp
IBM
Juniper
Windows
Hyper-V
KVM
PowerVM
AIX
Linux
IBM i
VMware
Cisco
Brocade
Power
X86
IBM
HP
EMC
NetApp
IBM
Juniper
Windows
Hyper-V
KVM
PowerVM
AIX
Linux
IBM i
VMware
Cisco
Brocade
Power
x86
IBM
HP
EMC
NetApp
Power
x86
IBM
HP
EMC
NetApp
Power
IBM
Juniper
Windows
Hyper-V
KVM
PowerVM
AIX
Linux
IBM i
VMware
Cisco
Brocade
IBM
Juniper
Windows
Hyper-V
KVM
PowerVM
AIX
Linux
IBM i
VMware
Cisco
Brocade
CISCO Blades
(UCS components)
Infrastructure Components Beyond Blades
38
Virtualization
Storage
Network
Compute
Virtualization
Storage
Network
Compute
Virtualization
Storage
Network
Compute
Virtualization
Storage
Network
pLinux

39. © 2013 IBM Corporation
Simplified Experience: Simplified Management Interface
• Visualization
• Nodes, I/O modules, power, cooling
• Context sensitive flyover
• Hardware and OS inventory
• Overlays: hardware status; compliance, firmware and notification; hardware
access state; component names and properties – more to come

40. © 2013 IBM Corporation
VM VM
PureFlex Brings Differentiated Value to VMware environment
VM VM
VM VM
VM
VM
VM VM
VM VM
VM
VM
VM VM
VM VM
VM
VM
VM VM
VM VM
VM
VM
Visualize virtual
topology for
bottlenecks
Create and assign
storage to VMware
clusters
Create and manage
network pools and
VM network profiles
Collect and view
system information
Automation for
virtualized
infrastructure
Monitor Server /
Storage Health+
Firmware
configuration
and update
Measure and
report power
consumption
Bare metal
hypervisor
deployment
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM