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IBM Software                                                            October 2011
Thought Leadership White Paper




Using IBM data reduction solutions to
manage more data with less infrastructure
By Richard Vining, Product Marketing Manager, Tivoli Storage Software
2    Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure




Contents                                                                               disruptions can cause customers and partners to lose confidence
                                                                                       in you. Serious outages and breaches are often reported in the
    2 Executive summary                                                                media, causing embarrassment in the market.
    2 The growing pressures on storage administrators
                                                                                       Failure to deliver products or services can result in contract
    3 Surviving data growth: Options for effective data                                penalties, and failure to deliver reports to government agencies
      reduction                                                                        can result in fines. In extreme cases, such as under the Sarbanes-
                                                                                       Oxley Act, your CEO or CFO could even go to jail. The bottom
    3 Avoiding data duplication
                                                                                       line is that organizations need to do a better job of protecting
    5 Categorizing data and automating migration and deletion                          data assets, and as these assets grow and budgets shrink, you
                                                                                       need to do more with less. You need smarter solutions.
    9 Deduplicating and compressing what’s left
                                                                                       This paper addresses the challenge of surviving and even thriv-
    11 Saving money with Tivoli Storage Manager deduplication
                                                                                       ing in this environment and describes various options available
    12 Choosing between ProtecTIER and Tivoli                                          from IBM to deal with the challenges of data growth by
       Storage Manager                                                                 effectively reducing the amount of data that must be managed.

    13 Why IBM?
                                                                                       Storage administrators continue to face an
    14 Next steps
                                                                                       enormous rate of data growth but are not
    16 For more information
                                                                                       being provided with the resources needed
Executive summary
                                                                                       to manage it all.
Organizations are storing and using more data than ever before.
Data volume is growing exponentially, and government regula-                           The growing pressures on storage
tions and competitive pressures are increasing—forcing                                 administrators
organizations to retain more data for longer periods of time.                          Storage administrators are on the front lines of this battle. As
But storage management budgets are flat or being cut.                                   data grows, they are challenged to complete backup operations
                                                                                       within established backup windows—even as business require-
The resulting “storage management gap” is further compounded                           ments are shrinking these allotted times. As a result, some data
with greater data availability and risk mitigation requirements.                       may not be backed up at all, leaving it dangerously unprotected.
For example, some critical applications cannot sustain any
downtime, even for backup, and cannot tolerate any data loss.                          More data in the backup system means it takes longer to recover
                                                                                       when something goes wrong. This adds to downtime, which
If your data systems are unavailable, you can lose revenue                             increases the risk of losing revenue opportunities. And of course,
opportunities; in today’s on-demand world, customers will sim-                         if data isn’t properly backed up, it can’t be recovered—it will
ply go elsewhere if you can’t help them immediately. Business                          need to be recreated, or it will be lost forever.
IBM Software    3




One solution to all this data growth has been to simply buy         In IBM’s holistic approach, one option is to avoid data growth
more storage. The cost of the storage itself has been decreasing    from unnecessary data duplication, by only backing up data that
over time, so that isn’t so painful. But the costs of housing,      has changed since the last backup. Another option is to deter-
powering, cooling and managing all these devices are exploding,     mine what different types of data you have and categorize it
especially as new types and models of storage systems are added.    so that you can manage it most effectively, by moving less
                                                                    frequently accessed data to lower-cost tiers of storage, and by
And of course, your business is always changing. Storage            automatically moving older data to the right tier of storage and
administrators need to adapt to any number of changes in their      deleting data that you no longer need or want. This will shorten
environments, from bringing new applications and data sources       your backup cycles and improve application performance.
online, to assimilating data and systems from mergers and acqui-    Finally, we can compress and deduplicate the data that you end
sitions, to complying with new corporate and government data        up putting into your data protection and retention systems.
management mandates.

IBM can help you build a smarter storage management                 The IBM® Tivoli® Storage Manager port-
infrastructure that will enable you to cope with all of these       folio enables incremental-only backups that
challenges. We have solutions to help reduce your data storage
                                                                    prevent unnecessary data duplication.
footprint, and to help you:

G   Reduce your capital and operational costs by reducing your      Avoiding data duplication
    storage requirements.                                           The idea is to treat the cause of the problem, not the symptom.
G   Improve your application availability and service levels by     If you have a 10 percent per week data change rate, 90 percent
    reducing downtime.                                              of your data didn’t change this week. If you perform a full
G   Mitigate the competitive risks associated with losing data in   backup on that data this weekend, you’re duplicating almost
    a rapidly changing environment.                                 everything you backed up last weekend. Not only does that take
                                                                    a lot of storage capacity, but it also takes a long time—and these
                                                                    problems only get worse as you create more new data.
IBM takes a holistic approach to data reduc-
tion, providing solutions for efficient backups,                    It’s no wonder that data deduplication products are so popular;
                                                                    they were designed to eliminate all of this duplicate data from
tiered storage, and data deduplication.                             repeated full backups. And when they claim to reduce your
                                                                    backup storage footprint by 90 percent or more, this is exactly
Surviving data growth: Options for                                  the data that they’re talking about.
effective data reduction
IBM takes a holistic approach to data reduction, unlike competi-    But what if you never had to perform a full backup again after
tors that offer point solutions to problems that they may in fact   the initial one? If you backed up only the new and changed
be causing. For example, a huge contributor to data growth is       data—always—you wouldn’t be creating all that duplicate data
the repeated duplication of large amounts of data every time you    that needs an expensive deduplication solution to undo. Shorter
perform a full backup.                                              backup windows, less storage required, and reduced storage
                                                                    acquisition costs would all be benefits of eliminating that weekly
                                                                    full backup.
4   Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure




IBM has smarter solutions that can help prevent the need to                           Full + differential
perform full backups. The products in the IBM Tivoli Storage
Manager portfolio of unified recovery management all provide                           G   Backup—This requires a full backup and then differential
incremental-only backups.                                                                 backups over time—usually a full backup each weekend with
                                                                                          differential backups for the following six days. This means that
G   IBM Tivoli Storage Manager backs up the files that have                                all data that has changed since the last full backup will be
    changed since the last backup; for larger files, such as huge                          backed up. If you assume a 10 percent daily change rate, then
    databases, it can perform subfile backups, copying only the                            you will backup 100 percent (full) on the first day, 10 percent
    sections of the file that changed.                                                     on the second, 20 percent on the third, 30 percent on the
G   IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack® takes it to the next                             fourth, 40 percent on the fifth, 50 percent on the sixth, and
    level, by backing up only the individual blocks of data that                          60 percent on the seventh. That means that you are backing
    change as they are written to disk. And because it performs                           up 260 percent of your data every week! You’ll need 10 times
    backups without impacting applications, it can perform them                           your production capacity for just a month of backups.
    more frequently, which means less data is at risk of loss.                        G   Restore—You would restore the last full backup and then the
G   IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack for Workstations                                  last differential up to the date you were restoring to. This is
    continuously protects the data on desktop and laptop comput-                          faster and more reliable than the full + incremental model,
    ers, again copying only the files that are new or changed.                             but at the cost of much more storage capacity.
G   IBM Tivoli Storage FlashCopy® Manager leverages hard-
    ware- and software-based incremental snapshot technologies                        Progressive incremental
    to provide fast, efficient data protection and recovery of
    applications.                                                                     G   Backup—This requires a full backup the first time you back
                                                                                          up, and then only incremental backups after that. There are
Backup Methodologies                                                                      no extra transfers of data, which saves network bandwidth and
Full + incremental                                                                        transfer time, makes backup and restore faster, and can save
                                                                                          many thousands of dollars in disk and tape costs.
G   Backup—This requires a full backup and then incremental                           G   Restore—You select the point in time that you want to restore
    backups over time—usually a full backup each weekend with                             from, and then restore the necessary files just once. This is
    incremental backups for the following six days. Only data that                        much faster and more reliable than with the other two
    has changed from the day before is transferred to tape. Then                          methods.
    at the end of the week another full backup must be run.
    Restore—The last full backup must be restored, then each
                                                                                      Tivoli Storage Manager’s unique progressive
G


    day’s incremental data applied to it. This means that if you
    have a full backup and three incremental backups of the same                      incremental backup methodology can save
    file, it will be restored four times. It is a waste of time and
    money, and introduces risk.
                                                                                      terabytes of backup capacity every month.
IBM Software    5




Progressive incremental backup with Tivoli Storage Manager                                                      The analysis shown in Figure 1 starts with 2 TB of data and adds
An internal IBM DB2® relational database enables Tivoli                                                         or changes 200 GB per day. The assumption is that a full backup
Storage Manager to perform progressive incremental backups                                                      has already been performed to set the base.
because it tracks each individual file and knows exactly how your
systems looked on each day. When a restore is required, only the                                                The internal database of Tivoli Storage Manager also provides
version of the file needed is restored. Unlike other file-based                                                   other cost savings, through best-in-class scalability, performance
backup solutions that require you to run periodic (usually                                                      and reliability. The database is currently supported to manage
weekly) full backups to ensure reasonable recovery times, Tivoli                                                four billion data objects (files and blocks of deduplicated files) in
Storage Manager’s unique progressive incremental backup                                                         a single Tivoli Storage Manager Server. There is no need for
methodology never requires you to run another full backup                                                       additional costly and complex media servers, as required by
after the first one is done to set the base. The result, as shown                                                competing products to meet the needs of even the largest data
in Figure 1, can be a savings of many terabytes of backup                                                       centers.
capacity every month.

                                                                                                                Moving data to less expensive tiers of storage
                                Capacity Requirements Comparison
                                                                                                                and deleting unnecessary data from the
            2500                                                                                                environment can reduce the need for primary
            2000                                                                                                storage capacity and can make data easier
                                                                                                                to manage and protect.
Gigabytes




            1500

            1000

             500
                                                                                                                Categorizing data and automating
                0
                    Mon    Tues    Wed      Thu      Fri Weekend Mon      Tues     Wed    Thu   Fri   Weekend   migration and deletion
                                  Week 1                                         Week 2                         Another option for reducing the data storage footprint is to
            Vendor A: Full + Differential         Vendor B: Full + Incremental      Tivoli Storage Manager:
                                                                                    Progressive Incremental
                                                                                                                assess the different types of data and where they are in the data
                                                                                                                life cycle. If your organization is like most, you have all your
                                                                                                                unstructured data in flat file systems, which are probably full of
Figure 1: Tivoli Storage Manager’s progressive incremental backup method-                                       data that you rarely, if ever, need to access. This may include
ology can save many terabytes of backup capacity.                                                               data you are no longer required by law or policy to keep, but
                                                                                                                that you haven’t deleted—such as files from terminated projects
                                                                                                                and employees—that could prove costly if discovered in legal
 Backup Capacity Needed for One Month:
                                                                                                                proceedings.
 Vendor A                                                  26 TB
 Vendor B                                                  14 TB                                                The goal is to identify what data can be moved to less expensive
 Tivoli Storage Manager                                    7 TB
                                                                                                                tiers of storage, and what data can be deleted entirely from the
                                                                                                                environment, and then automating the process. This will reduce
6   Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure




the need to buy more primary storage capacity and make it                             application that created it, and numerous other filters. From the
easier to manage and protect what you have. Backup and restore                        intelligence you gain from these reports, you can set meaningful
performance will improve, and it will be easier to prove that you                     policies in your data management software to automatically take
are meeting data retention and expiration policies.                                   the appropriate action on data that shouldn’t be clogging up
                                                                                      your primary systems. Tivoli Storage Productivity Center for
IBM offers IBM Tivoli Storage Productivity Center for Data                            Data can also help identify and eliminate duplicate data, orphan
for this purpose (see Figure 2). This solution reports on where                       data, temporary data and nonbusiness data.
your data is, sorted by access or saved dates, who owns it, the




                                                        Sample Data Summary Report from
                                                     Tivoli Storage Productivity Center for Data




Figure 2: Tivoli Storage Productivity Center for Data can help you better understand your data, enabling you to categorize and manage it more effectively.
IBM Software       7




Tivoli Storage Manager solutions automati-                             G   Migrations are scheduled to minimize network traffic during
                                                                           peak hours.
cally move data to other media based upon                              G   Automatic migrations occur outside the backup window.
policies you set, freeing up valuable disk
                                                                       Tivoli Storage Manager data migration solutions not only help
space for active files.                                                 you clean up your primary storage systems to help them run
                                                                       more efficiently, they can also be used to easily move data to
The Tivoli Storage Manager family includes two solutions for           new storage technologies as they are deployed (see Figure 3).
automating the migration of data between multiple tiers of stor-       Migrating files to Tivoli Storage Manager also helps expedite
age: IBM Tivoli Storage Manager for Space Management, which            restores, because there is no need to restore migrated files in the
is for IBM AIX®, HP-UX, Sun Solaris and Linux servers, and             event of a disaster.
IBM Tivoli Storage Manager HSM for Windows, which is for
Microsoft Windows servers. These solutions work transparently
in the background, automatically selecting and moving files from
primary to secondary tiers of storage based on the policy criteria                       Tivoli Storage Manager Hierarchy of Storage
that you set, such as file size or length of time since a file has                                                                        Disk pools
been opened. They leave a pointer, or stub file, where the data                                                                             Virtual tape
was originally stored so that users and applications don’t need to
                                                                                                                                              Tape pools
worry about where the data was moved; the solution transpar-
ently reroutes the request for any moved files. No more out of              App Servers        Prod. Data     Tivoli Storage
                                                                                                            Manager Server
disk space messages will appear. Tivoli Storage Manager solu-
tions automatically move data to the proper media based upon
policies you set, freeing up valuable disk space for active files and   Figure 3: Tivoli Storage Manager space management solutions can help
                                                                       reduce storage and administration costs.
providing automated access to the migrated files when needed.

Tivoli Storage Manager data migration solutions help customers         Using Tivoli Storage Manager to enable more efficient use of
get control of, and efficiently manage, data growth and its asso-      storage can help you:
ciated storage costs by providing automated space management.
These solutions provide the following key features:                    G   Improve the response times of file servers by off-loading
                                                                           inactive data.
G   Storage pool “virtualization” helps maximize utilization of        G   Move low-activity or inactive files to a hierarchy of lower-cost
    Tivoli Storage Manager storage resources.                              storage.
G   Restore management is optimized based on the location of           G   More fully exploit existing storage assets.
    the data in the hierarchy.                                         G   Reduce backup times and resource usage by focusing on active
G   Migration is transparent to the users and to applications.             files only.
                                                                       G   Eliminate manual file system cleanup activities.
8   Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure




Information archive
                                                                                      IBM offers a choice of solutions for archiving,
Archiving is another important data reduction technique for
certain types of data. Examples of this include historical financial                   depending on customer preferences and
reporting data and medical records that need to be retained for                       requirements for long-term record retention.
future reference but do not need to consume valuable disk space
where live data should reside. Historical medical records and
                                                                                      IBM offers a choice of solutions for archiving, depending
customer statements also often fit into this category.
                                                                                      on customer preferences and the applications involved
                                                                                      (see Figure 4). Tivoli Storage Manager includes an archiving
Archiving is for long-term record retention. It differs from
                                                                                      capability directly integrated into its client backup software.
backup in that it keeps files for a specific amount of time (where
                                                                                      It is policy based, allowing the administrator to set retention
backup keeps a certain number of versions of a file) while
                                                                                      times. If the requirement for how long a file must be retained
removing the data from the primary production storage systems
                                                                                      changes, all the administrator has to do is update the policy, and
completely.
                                                                                      the software will retroactively update the already archived files;
                                                                                      there is no need to restore and re-archive, as some competitive
Key features of IBM archiving solutions include:
                                                                                      offerings require. Tivoli Storage Manager also offers the option
                                                                                      of integrating data from many different applications into your
G   Long-term storage on cost-effective media.
                                                                                      archive repository, and the archive repository can be a virtualized
G   Point-in-time copies that provide revision history and enable
                                                                                      pool of heterogeneous storage systems.
    auditability.
G   Data deduplication to remove redundant copies of data.
G   Retention period and “retention hold” policy enforcement.
G   Fast expiration processing.                                                                                           IBM Archiving Solutions

Using IBM archiving solutions for records retention can help                                                                                                               Arc
                                                                                                                                                                              hiv
                                                                                                                                                                                 e
you:                                                                                        hiv
                                                                                               e
                                                                                        c
                                                                                      Ar




                                                                                                                App Servers                App Servers   Re
G   Speed file-server recovery times by moving archived files and                                                                                               tri e
                                                                                                                                                                      ve
                                                                                                    ve




    file archive copies to a hierarchy of lower-cost storage.                                            tri e
                                                                                                   Re
G   Reduce backup times and resource usage by focusing on active                                                              Disk pools
    files only.
                                                                                                                                Virtual tape
G   Locate historical information easily using archived files that                                                                                                          IBM Information
                                                                                         Tivoli Storage                             Tape pools                                 Archive
    are indexed with descriptive metadata.                                              Manager Server




                                                                                      Figure 4: IBM archiving solutions include Tivoli Storage Manager and
                                                                                      IBM Information Archive.
IBM Software   9




IBM Information Archive, which contains a specialized version       restore solution. With any other file-based backup/restore
of Tivoli Storage Manager called IBM System Storage® Archive        product, Optim uses standard file operations to store/archive
Manager, is a standalone archive appliance that ingests data        data in a disk-based file system, and then the backup product
directly from more than 40 applications including messaging,        can backup the file to supported backup media.
healthcare and medical imaging, design and engineering,
document management, and others. It can enforce flexible             Using Optim and Tivoli Storage Manager together allows
retention policies through its unique “collections” architecture,   you to:
and provides for long-term data security and integrity.
                                                                    G   Archive data directly to disk or tape or have Optim use Tivoli
                                                                        Storage Manager to automatically migrate it to tape.
IBM Optim™ Data Growth Solution is                                  G   Back up Optim archive data incrementally to a Tivoli Storage
a unique database archiving solution that                               Manager storage pool that can be managed by Tivoli Storage
transparently migrates unneeded records                                 Manager for local availability, disaster recovery or remote
                                                                        vaulting.
from database tables to secondary storage.
Database archiving with IBM Optim and Tivoli Storage
                                                                    Data deduplication is designed to reduce data
Manager                                                             storage capacity requirements by eliminating
IBM Optim Data Growth Solution is a unique database
archiving solution that transparently migrates unneeded records
                                                                    duplicate data from multiple source systems.
from database tables to secondary storage. Like Tivoli Storage
Manager’s space management and archive solutions, Optim             Deduplicating and compressing what’s
provides database and storage administrators with a range of        left
cost and performance benefits.                                       If you’re using a backup solution that requires periodic full
                                                                    backups, data deduplication will certainly help you reduce the
There are also benefits to using Tivoli Storage Manager in           amount of data you’re managing. Otherwise, the reduction ratio
conjunction with Optim, which works seamlessly with Tivoli          you can expect from deduplication will depend on your specific
Storage Manager’s application program interface (API) to move       backup environment. Data deduplication is designed to reduce
archived database records directly into Tivoli Storage Manager’s    data storage capacity requirements. Some of the duplicate data
storage hierarchy, creating a one-step archive and one-step         exists across multiple source systems, but most of the duplication
                                                                    is caused by storing repetitive full backup sets.
10 Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure




The basic idea behind data deduplication is to store just one                                   Data deduplication can and does occur at many points in the
copy of any data object, and place pointers to the single copy                                  data creation and management life cycle. In general, these points
wherever duplicates are eliminated (see Figure 5). Some solu-                                   of deduplication can be broken into source-side, where the data
tions do this at a file level, so that the files have to be exactly the                           is created, and target-side, where it is stored and managed.
same to be deduplicated. This is often called single-instance                                   Backup applications, for example, can perform source-side
storage (SIS). Other solutions deduplicate data at a fixed or                                    deduplication by not transferring data that has previously been
variable block length. IBM’s solutions use a blended approach                                   backed up over the LAN or WAN, saving on bandwidth.
based on the size of the data—file-based for smaller files, and
variable block for larger files. Most deduplication solutions run                                On the target side, the most popular use of deduplication is in
a combination of checksum algorithms against the selected data                                  virtual tape libraries, or VTLs. These disk-based systems emu-
to create a hash signature, then check to see if that signature has                             late tape libraries and drives, but apply deduplication to store
ever been seen before. If it has, the data is discarded and a                                   equivalent amounts of data on disk very cost-effectively while
pointer to the already stored data is put in its place. A small                                 providing performance advantages over tape. Performing dedu-
number of high-end solutions, including IBM’s System Storage                                    plication on tape-based systems is considered to be a bad idea
ProtecTIER® systems, perform a complete byte-level differen-                                    except when the entire data set can be stored on a single tape
tial comparison of the data to remove all potential for “data                                   cartridge; it would be very difficult to guarantee that you main-
collisions,” in the very rare instances where two distinct data                                 tain the original data for all of the pointers across multiple tapes.
blocks may share the same hash signature.
                                                                                                Today, IBM offers two compelling data deduplication solutions.
                                                                                                Tivoli Storage Manager includes both source and target data
                                                                                                deduplication capabilities. On the source side, the backup agent
                                  Data Deduplication
                                                                                                decides if it has sent a data block to the backup server in the past;
        Data Store                       Data Store                       Data Store            if it has, it doesn’t send it again. It then also interrogates the
                                                                                                backup server to determine if the same block has been backed up
                                                                                                by another client. The net result is a reduction of data sent over
                                                                                                the network, speeding backup processing.
    1. Data chunks are             2. Signature values are          3. Duplicate data chunks
 evaluated to determine a          compared to identify all        are replaced with pointers
 unique signature for each                duplicates                to a single stored chunk,   Virtualized server environments, such as VMware vSphere,
                                                                      saving storage space
                                                                                                typically contain a large amount of duplicate data, considering
                                                                                                the commonality of most virtual machine images. When using
Figure 5: Data deduplication reduces the amount of data that must be
managed by creating just one copy of any data object and replacing
duplicates with pointers to this single copy.
IBM Software 11




Tivoli Storage Manager for Virtual Environments or Tivoli          Saving money with Tivoli Storage
Storage Manager FastBack to protect these virtual machines, the    Manager deduplication
built-in data deduplication can dramatically reduce the amount     The source and target deduplication capabilities in Tivoli
of data that is backed up and transferred over the network,        Storage Manager work with data from sources including normal
especially when doing full image backups.                          backups, data imported via the Tivoli Storage Manager API, and
                                                                   archive and HSM data, and are included at no additional cost.
Tivoli Storage Manager then performs target-side data dedupli-     Tivoli Storage Manager deduplicates disk-based data pools as a
cation as a post process at the Tivoli Storage Manager Server.     post-process, so there is no impact on backup performance.
This has been shown in lab testing to reduce the amount of data
in disk storage pools by as much as 40 percent. After running,     When used as part of the Tivoli Storage Manager Suite for
it automatically reclaims the storage that has been freed up. In   Unified Recovery, a bundle of ten Tivoli Storage Manager prod-
addition to reducing storage requirements, you are also able to    ucts that is priced by the amount of data managed, deduplication
store more backup versions on disk to speed recovery operations,   can dramatically reduce the overall costs of the backup solution.
as opposed to recovering from tape.
                                                                   Tape reclamation is another way that Tivoli Storage Manager
The other data deduplication solution is the IBM System            increases ROI through intelligent tape utilization. Over time,
Storage ProtecTIER family of virtual tape systems for reducing     files on tape will expire, leaving chunks of “dead” space that
data coming from multiple sources, including Tivoli Storage        cannot be reused because the media can only be appended to.
Manager servers, backups from other backup systems, or archive     Instead of having to wait for all of the data on a tape to expire, a
software solutions. ProtecTIER performs extremely fast, in-line    policy can be set up in Tivoli Storage Manager to move, based
deduplication, and can be purchased as a complete subsystem or     on a percentage of dead space, the remaining good data onto
as a gateway to your existing storage devices.                     another tape—thus consolidating the good data and freeing up
                                                                   the other tapes for reuse. Tivoli Storage Manager is also unique
Deduplication capabilities in Tivoli Storage                       in that it will automatically do reclamation of off-site volumes. It
                                                                   does this by creating a new set of tapes to be taken off-site, and
Manager help to reduce recovery times by                           then having the old set of off-site tapes brought back for reuse.
making it possible to store more backup
data on disk rather than tape.
12 Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure




Using Tivoli Storage Manager’s tape reclamation capability                           IBM recommends using Tivoli Storage Manager data deduplica-
allows you to:                                                                       tion capabilities under the following conditions:

G   Reduce costs through better utilization of tapes.                                G   You have a single Tivoli Storage Manager server.
G   Constantly monitor tape utilization.                                             G   You want to improve Tivoli Storage Manager recovery times
G   Establish user-defined reclamation thresholds.                                        by storing more backup data on disk.
G   Schedule reclamation to occur at specified times or when free                     G   You don’t have a large amount of duplicate data across the sys-
    space reaches a threshold.                                                           tems protected by multiple Tivoli Storage Manager servers.
G   Return original tapes to the scratch pool.                                       G   You want deduplication operations completely integrated
                                                                                         within Tivoli Storage Manager so that you can have the
                                                                                         benefits of deduplication without having to acquire separate
IBM System Storage ProtecTIER performs                                                   hardware or software.
a byte-level differential comparison to                                              G   You want end-to-end data life-cycle management with mini-
ensure that data is a duplicate, ensuring                                                mal data store requirements.

enterprise-class data integrity.                                                     Use ProtecTIER under the following conditions:

Deduplicating with the IBM System Storage ProtecTIER                                 G   You are deduplicating across multiple Tivoli Storage Manager
TS7600 Family                                                                            (or other backup) servers.
IBM System Storage ProtecTIER is a technology leader in per-                         G   You need the highest performance up to 2000 MBps or more.
formance, scalability, data integrity and reliability. It is the fastest             G   You have a large amount of data and need scalable capacity and
solution on the market in real customer environments. A single                           performance.
ProtecTIER system can easily scale in both performance                               G   You need inline deduplication to avoid the operational impact
(2000 MBps) and capacity (1 PB). And ProtecTIER features                                 of post processing.
all IBM best-of-breed components, unlike the inexpensive                             G   You don’t have Tivoli Storage Manager and are performing
OEM’d parts found in competitive products.                                               weekly full backups.

Choosing between ProtecTIER and Tivoli                                               You can also use Tivoli Storage Manager and ProtecTIER
Storage Manager                                                                      together to enable deduplication at multiple points within a
Both Tivoli Storage Manager and ProtecTIER help reduce                               complex data infrastructure (see Figure 6).
storage capacity requirements, operational costs, energy usage,
and total cost of ownership, and both enable faster data recover-
ies. The choice of which to use for data deduplication depends
on a number of criteria.
IBM Software 13




                               Data Deduplication with Tivoli Storage Manager and ProtecTIER
                             Location A                                 Location B                                  Location C



                                                                   Tivoli Storage
                                                                      Manager
                                                                                                                               Other Tape
                                       Tivoli Storage
                                      Manager Built-in                                                                         Application
                                       Deduplication                                                                            Servers

                                                                         SAN



                                                                                                    IBM ProtecTIER


Figure 6: Tivoli Storage Manager and ProtecTIER can be deployed together to enable deduplication at multiple points in the data infrastructure.


IBM’s broad portfolio of data reduction                                            As shown in Figure 7, IBM offers data reduction across a unified
                                                                                   recovery management portfolio consisting of Tivoli Storage
solutions help solve complex customer issues,                                      Manager, Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack, and Tivoli Storage
while high-quality global support services                                         Manager FastBack for Workstations. You may never have to per-
                                                                                   form a full backup again, anywhere in your extended enterprise.
help protect your investments.                                                     Tivoli Storage Manager also offers best-in-class tape manage-
                                                                                   ment and data compression capabilities to further reduce your
Why IBM?                                                                           backup and archive storage requirements.
IBM is the only vendor with a comprehensive set of data reduc-
tion technologies. Our broad portfolio of data reduction solu-                     IBM also offers data deduplication built into Tivoli Storage
tions gives us the freedom to solve customer issues with the                       Manager and the ProtecTIER TS7600 family of appliances and
most effective technology, while our high-quality global support                   gateways. Finally, through industry-leading solutions such as
services help ensure that your investment in data reduction will                   IBM Information Archive, IBM provides integrated archive
meet your needs over the long term. IBM is continuing to invest                    solutions for storing and managing multiple types of information
in research and development to further create and deliver the                      from multiple sources, helping organizations meet the widest
advanced features our customers are requesting.                                    range of retention demands.
14 Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure




Next steps                                                                                   reduction technologies will have the most cost-effective impact
IBM Global Technology Services and IBM Business Partners                                     on your operations. You can also ask for a comprehensive ROI
stand ready to help you assess your current situation and                                    analysis using IBM’s Business Value Analyst (BVA) tool.
recommend next steps. We can help you determine which data



              Branch Offices                                                          Data Center                                           D/R Site
                                                                             Tivoli Storage                                                        IBM
                   Applications                         FastBack           Manager for Virtual       TSM B/A           FlashCopy               Information
                    File Servers                         Clients             Environments             Clients           Manager                  Archive
                 VMware Servers
                                                                                                                       IBM System
                                                                                                                         Storage               Off-site
                                                                                                                                               Storage
                              FastBack
                               Clients




                                                         FastBack
                                                          Server
                    FastBack
                     Server                   WAN                                                                    Tiers of Storage
                                                                                        Storage Manager
                                                                                                                                            Storage Manager
                                                                                        Tivoli Storage
                                                                                                                                            Tivoli Storage
                                                                                       Manager Server
                                                                                                                                           Manager Server
                                                     FastBack for Workstations




                                                                                                   Install/Upgrade        Configuration
                            Tivoli Storage Manager                                                 Monitoring             Set Policies
                            Administration Center                                                  Reporting              Execute Backup/Restore


                       Production Data                            Backup/Archive Data                     Disaster Recovery Data          Deduplicated Data



Figure 7: IBM offers data reduction across a unified recovery management portfolio.
Notes
For more information
IBM is uniquely positioned to provide a wide range of storage
management solutions, even for mixed-vendor environments.
We can help you implement a dynamic storage infrastructure
that scales to meet your changing business requirements.
                                                                                 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2011

To learn more about how IBM Tivoli storage management                            IBM Corporation Software Group
solutions can help you address data management concerns                          Route 100
                                                                                 Somers, NY 10589
in your environment, contact your IBM sales                                      U.S.A.
representative or IBM Business Partner, or visit
                                                                                 Produced in the United States of America
ibm.com/software/tivoli/solutions/storage. Additional informa-                   October 2011
tion can be found at ibm.com/software/tivoli/solutions/reduction                 All Rights Reserved

                                                                                 IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com, ProtecTIER, System Storage and Tivoli are
                                                                                 trademarks or registered trademarks of International Business Machines
                                                                                 Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. If these and
                                                                                 other IBM trademarked terms are marked on their first occurrence in this
                                                                                 information with a trademark symbol (® or ™), these symbols indicate
                                                                                 U.S. registered or common law trademarks owned by IBM at the time this
                                                                                 information was published. Such trademarks may also be registered or
                                                                                 common law trademarks in other countries. A current list of IBM trademarks
                                                                                 is available on the web at “Copyright and trademark information” at
                                                                                 ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml

                                                                                 Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States,
                                                                                 other countries, or both.

                                                                                 Microsoft and Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the
                                                                                 United States, other countries, or both.

                                                                                 Other company, product and service names may be trademarks or service
                                                                                 marks of others.

                                                                                 References in this publication to IBM products and services do not imply
                                                                                 that IBM intends to make them available in all countries in which
                                                                                 IBM operates.

                                                                                 No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
                                                                                 without written permission from IBM Corporation.

                                                                                 Product data has been reviewed for accuracy as of the date of initial
                                                                                 publication. Product data is subject to change without notice. Any statements
                                                                                 regarding IBM’s future direction and intent are subject to change or
                                                                                 withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.
  The customer is responsible for ensuring compliance with legal
  requirements. It is the customer’s sole responsibility to obtain advice of     The information provided in this document is distributed “as is” without any
  competent legal counsel as to the identification and interpretation of any      warranty, either express or implied. ibm expressly disclaims any warranties of
  relevant laws and regulatory requirements that may affect the customer’s       merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or noninfringement.
  business and any actions the customer may need to take to comply with          IBM products are warranted according to the terms and conditions of the
  such laws. IBM does not provide legal advice or represent or warrant that      agreements (e.g. IBM Customer Agreement, Statement of Limited
  its services or products will ensure that the customer is in compliance with   Warranty, International Program License Agreement, etc.) under which they
  any law or regulation.                                                         are provided.


                                                                                          Please Recycle




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Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure

  • 1. IBM Software October 2011 Thought Leadership White Paper Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure By Richard Vining, Product Marketing Manager, Tivoli Storage Software
  • 2. 2 Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure Contents disruptions can cause customers and partners to lose confidence in you. Serious outages and breaches are often reported in the 2 Executive summary media, causing embarrassment in the market. 2 The growing pressures on storage administrators Failure to deliver products or services can result in contract 3 Surviving data growth: Options for effective data penalties, and failure to deliver reports to government agencies reduction can result in fines. In extreme cases, such as under the Sarbanes- Oxley Act, your CEO or CFO could even go to jail. The bottom 3 Avoiding data duplication line is that organizations need to do a better job of protecting 5 Categorizing data and automating migration and deletion data assets, and as these assets grow and budgets shrink, you need to do more with less. You need smarter solutions. 9 Deduplicating and compressing what’s left This paper addresses the challenge of surviving and even thriv- 11 Saving money with Tivoli Storage Manager deduplication ing in this environment and describes various options available 12 Choosing between ProtecTIER and Tivoli from IBM to deal with the challenges of data growth by Storage Manager effectively reducing the amount of data that must be managed. 13 Why IBM? Storage administrators continue to face an 14 Next steps enormous rate of data growth but are not 16 For more information being provided with the resources needed Executive summary to manage it all. Organizations are storing and using more data than ever before. Data volume is growing exponentially, and government regula- The growing pressures on storage tions and competitive pressures are increasing—forcing administrators organizations to retain more data for longer periods of time. Storage administrators are on the front lines of this battle. As But storage management budgets are flat or being cut. data grows, they are challenged to complete backup operations within established backup windows—even as business require- The resulting “storage management gap” is further compounded ments are shrinking these allotted times. As a result, some data with greater data availability and risk mitigation requirements. may not be backed up at all, leaving it dangerously unprotected. For example, some critical applications cannot sustain any downtime, even for backup, and cannot tolerate any data loss. More data in the backup system means it takes longer to recover when something goes wrong. This adds to downtime, which If your data systems are unavailable, you can lose revenue increases the risk of losing revenue opportunities. And of course, opportunities; in today’s on-demand world, customers will sim- if data isn’t properly backed up, it can’t be recovered—it will ply go elsewhere if you can’t help them immediately. Business need to be recreated, or it will be lost forever.
  • 3. IBM Software 3 One solution to all this data growth has been to simply buy In IBM’s holistic approach, one option is to avoid data growth more storage. The cost of the storage itself has been decreasing from unnecessary data duplication, by only backing up data that over time, so that isn’t so painful. But the costs of housing, has changed since the last backup. Another option is to deter- powering, cooling and managing all these devices are exploding, mine what different types of data you have and categorize it especially as new types and models of storage systems are added. so that you can manage it most effectively, by moving less frequently accessed data to lower-cost tiers of storage, and by And of course, your business is always changing. Storage automatically moving older data to the right tier of storage and administrators need to adapt to any number of changes in their deleting data that you no longer need or want. This will shorten environments, from bringing new applications and data sources your backup cycles and improve application performance. online, to assimilating data and systems from mergers and acqui- Finally, we can compress and deduplicate the data that you end sitions, to complying with new corporate and government data up putting into your data protection and retention systems. management mandates. IBM can help you build a smarter storage management The IBM® Tivoli® Storage Manager port- infrastructure that will enable you to cope with all of these folio enables incremental-only backups that challenges. We have solutions to help reduce your data storage prevent unnecessary data duplication. footprint, and to help you: G Reduce your capital and operational costs by reducing your Avoiding data duplication storage requirements. The idea is to treat the cause of the problem, not the symptom. G Improve your application availability and service levels by If you have a 10 percent per week data change rate, 90 percent reducing downtime. of your data didn’t change this week. If you perform a full G Mitigate the competitive risks associated with losing data in backup on that data this weekend, you’re duplicating almost a rapidly changing environment. everything you backed up last weekend. Not only does that take a lot of storage capacity, but it also takes a long time—and these problems only get worse as you create more new data. IBM takes a holistic approach to data reduc- tion, providing solutions for efficient backups, It’s no wonder that data deduplication products are so popular; they were designed to eliminate all of this duplicate data from tiered storage, and data deduplication. repeated full backups. And when they claim to reduce your backup storage footprint by 90 percent or more, this is exactly Surviving data growth: Options for the data that they’re talking about. effective data reduction IBM takes a holistic approach to data reduction, unlike competi- But what if you never had to perform a full backup again after tors that offer point solutions to problems that they may in fact the initial one? If you backed up only the new and changed be causing. For example, a huge contributor to data growth is data—always—you wouldn’t be creating all that duplicate data the repeated duplication of large amounts of data every time you that needs an expensive deduplication solution to undo. Shorter perform a full backup. backup windows, less storage required, and reduced storage acquisition costs would all be benefits of eliminating that weekly full backup.
  • 4. 4 Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure IBM has smarter solutions that can help prevent the need to Full + differential perform full backups. The products in the IBM Tivoli Storage Manager portfolio of unified recovery management all provide G Backup—This requires a full backup and then differential incremental-only backups. backups over time—usually a full backup each weekend with differential backups for the following six days. This means that G IBM Tivoli Storage Manager backs up the files that have all data that has changed since the last full backup will be changed since the last backup; for larger files, such as huge backed up. If you assume a 10 percent daily change rate, then databases, it can perform subfile backups, copying only the you will backup 100 percent (full) on the first day, 10 percent sections of the file that changed. on the second, 20 percent on the third, 30 percent on the G IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack® takes it to the next fourth, 40 percent on the fifth, 50 percent on the sixth, and level, by backing up only the individual blocks of data that 60 percent on the seventh. That means that you are backing change as they are written to disk. And because it performs up 260 percent of your data every week! You’ll need 10 times backups without impacting applications, it can perform them your production capacity for just a month of backups. more frequently, which means less data is at risk of loss. G Restore—You would restore the last full backup and then the G IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack for Workstations last differential up to the date you were restoring to. This is continuously protects the data on desktop and laptop comput- faster and more reliable than the full + incremental model, ers, again copying only the files that are new or changed. but at the cost of much more storage capacity. G IBM Tivoli Storage FlashCopy® Manager leverages hard- ware- and software-based incremental snapshot technologies Progressive incremental to provide fast, efficient data protection and recovery of applications. G Backup—This requires a full backup the first time you back up, and then only incremental backups after that. There are Backup Methodologies no extra transfers of data, which saves network bandwidth and Full + incremental transfer time, makes backup and restore faster, and can save many thousands of dollars in disk and tape costs. G Backup—This requires a full backup and then incremental G Restore—You select the point in time that you want to restore backups over time—usually a full backup each weekend with from, and then restore the necessary files just once. This is incremental backups for the following six days. Only data that much faster and more reliable than with the other two has changed from the day before is transferred to tape. Then methods. at the end of the week another full backup must be run. Restore—The last full backup must be restored, then each Tivoli Storage Manager’s unique progressive G day’s incremental data applied to it. This means that if you have a full backup and three incremental backups of the same incremental backup methodology can save file, it will be restored four times. It is a waste of time and money, and introduces risk. terabytes of backup capacity every month.
  • 5. IBM Software 5 Progressive incremental backup with Tivoli Storage Manager The analysis shown in Figure 1 starts with 2 TB of data and adds An internal IBM DB2® relational database enables Tivoli or changes 200 GB per day. The assumption is that a full backup Storage Manager to perform progressive incremental backups has already been performed to set the base. because it tracks each individual file and knows exactly how your systems looked on each day. When a restore is required, only the The internal database of Tivoli Storage Manager also provides version of the file needed is restored. Unlike other file-based other cost savings, through best-in-class scalability, performance backup solutions that require you to run periodic (usually and reliability. The database is currently supported to manage weekly) full backups to ensure reasonable recovery times, Tivoli four billion data objects (files and blocks of deduplicated files) in Storage Manager’s unique progressive incremental backup a single Tivoli Storage Manager Server. There is no need for methodology never requires you to run another full backup additional costly and complex media servers, as required by after the first one is done to set the base. The result, as shown competing products to meet the needs of even the largest data in Figure 1, can be a savings of many terabytes of backup centers. capacity every month. Moving data to less expensive tiers of storage Capacity Requirements Comparison and deleting unnecessary data from the 2500 environment can reduce the need for primary 2000 storage capacity and can make data easier to manage and protect. Gigabytes 1500 1000 500 Categorizing data and automating 0 Mon Tues Wed Thu Fri Weekend Mon Tues Wed Thu Fri Weekend migration and deletion Week 1 Week 2 Another option for reducing the data storage footprint is to Vendor A: Full + Differential Vendor B: Full + Incremental Tivoli Storage Manager: Progressive Incremental assess the different types of data and where they are in the data life cycle. If your organization is like most, you have all your unstructured data in flat file systems, which are probably full of Figure 1: Tivoli Storage Manager’s progressive incremental backup method- data that you rarely, if ever, need to access. This may include ology can save many terabytes of backup capacity. data you are no longer required by law or policy to keep, but that you haven’t deleted—such as files from terminated projects and employees—that could prove costly if discovered in legal Backup Capacity Needed for One Month: proceedings. Vendor A 26 TB Vendor B 14 TB The goal is to identify what data can be moved to less expensive Tivoli Storage Manager 7 TB tiers of storage, and what data can be deleted entirely from the environment, and then automating the process. This will reduce
  • 6. 6 Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure the need to buy more primary storage capacity and make it application that created it, and numerous other filters. From the easier to manage and protect what you have. Backup and restore intelligence you gain from these reports, you can set meaningful performance will improve, and it will be easier to prove that you policies in your data management software to automatically take are meeting data retention and expiration policies. the appropriate action on data that shouldn’t be clogging up your primary systems. Tivoli Storage Productivity Center for IBM offers IBM Tivoli Storage Productivity Center for Data Data can also help identify and eliminate duplicate data, orphan for this purpose (see Figure 2). This solution reports on where data, temporary data and nonbusiness data. your data is, sorted by access or saved dates, who owns it, the Sample Data Summary Report from Tivoli Storage Productivity Center for Data Figure 2: Tivoli Storage Productivity Center for Data can help you better understand your data, enabling you to categorize and manage it more effectively.
  • 7. IBM Software 7 Tivoli Storage Manager solutions automati- G Migrations are scheduled to minimize network traffic during peak hours. cally move data to other media based upon G Automatic migrations occur outside the backup window. policies you set, freeing up valuable disk Tivoli Storage Manager data migration solutions not only help space for active files. you clean up your primary storage systems to help them run more efficiently, they can also be used to easily move data to The Tivoli Storage Manager family includes two solutions for new storage technologies as they are deployed (see Figure 3). automating the migration of data between multiple tiers of stor- Migrating files to Tivoli Storage Manager also helps expedite age: IBM Tivoli Storage Manager for Space Management, which restores, because there is no need to restore migrated files in the is for IBM AIX®, HP-UX, Sun Solaris and Linux servers, and event of a disaster. IBM Tivoli Storage Manager HSM for Windows, which is for Microsoft Windows servers. These solutions work transparently in the background, automatically selecting and moving files from primary to secondary tiers of storage based on the policy criteria Tivoli Storage Manager Hierarchy of Storage that you set, such as file size or length of time since a file has Disk pools been opened. They leave a pointer, or stub file, where the data Virtual tape was originally stored so that users and applications don’t need to Tape pools worry about where the data was moved; the solution transpar- ently reroutes the request for any moved files. No more out of App Servers Prod. Data Tivoli Storage Manager Server disk space messages will appear. Tivoli Storage Manager solu- tions automatically move data to the proper media based upon policies you set, freeing up valuable disk space for active files and Figure 3: Tivoli Storage Manager space management solutions can help reduce storage and administration costs. providing automated access to the migrated files when needed. Tivoli Storage Manager data migration solutions help customers Using Tivoli Storage Manager to enable more efficient use of get control of, and efficiently manage, data growth and its asso- storage can help you: ciated storage costs by providing automated space management. These solutions provide the following key features: G Improve the response times of file servers by off-loading inactive data. G Storage pool “virtualization” helps maximize utilization of G Move low-activity or inactive files to a hierarchy of lower-cost Tivoli Storage Manager storage resources. storage. G Restore management is optimized based on the location of G More fully exploit existing storage assets. the data in the hierarchy. G Reduce backup times and resource usage by focusing on active G Migration is transparent to the users and to applications. files only. G Eliminate manual file system cleanup activities.
  • 8. 8 Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure Information archive IBM offers a choice of solutions for archiving, Archiving is another important data reduction technique for certain types of data. Examples of this include historical financial depending on customer preferences and reporting data and medical records that need to be retained for requirements for long-term record retention. future reference but do not need to consume valuable disk space where live data should reside. Historical medical records and IBM offers a choice of solutions for archiving, depending customer statements also often fit into this category. on customer preferences and the applications involved (see Figure 4). Tivoli Storage Manager includes an archiving Archiving is for long-term record retention. It differs from capability directly integrated into its client backup software. backup in that it keeps files for a specific amount of time (where It is policy based, allowing the administrator to set retention backup keeps a certain number of versions of a file) while times. If the requirement for how long a file must be retained removing the data from the primary production storage systems changes, all the administrator has to do is update the policy, and completely. the software will retroactively update the already archived files; there is no need to restore and re-archive, as some competitive Key features of IBM archiving solutions include: offerings require. Tivoli Storage Manager also offers the option of integrating data from many different applications into your G Long-term storage on cost-effective media. archive repository, and the archive repository can be a virtualized G Point-in-time copies that provide revision history and enable pool of heterogeneous storage systems. auditability. G Data deduplication to remove redundant copies of data. G Retention period and “retention hold” policy enforcement. G Fast expiration processing. IBM Archiving Solutions Using IBM archiving solutions for records retention can help Arc hiv e you: hiv e c Ar App Servers App Servers Re G Speed file-server recovery times by moving archived files and tri e ve ve file archive copies to a hierarchy of lower-cost storage. tri e Re G Reduce backup times and resource usage by focusing on active Disk pools files only. Virtual tape G Locate historical information easily using archived files that IBM Information Tivoli Storage Tape pools Archive are indexed with descriptive metadata. Manager Server Figure 4: IBM archiving solutions include Tivoli Storage Manager and IBM Information Archive.
  • 9. IBM Software 9 IBM Information Archive, which contains a specialized version restore solution. With any other file-based backup/restore of Tivoli Storage Manager called IBM System Storage® Archive product, Optim uses standard file operations to store/archive Manager, is a standalone archive appliance that ingests data data in a disk-based file system, and then the backup product directly from more than 40 applications including messaging, can backup the file to supported backup media. healthcare and medical imaging, design and engineering, document management, and others. It can enforce flexible Using Optim and Tivoli Storage Manager together allows retention policies through its unique “collections” architecture, you to: and provides for long-term data security and integrity. G Archive data directly to disk or tape or have Optim use Tivoli Storage Manager to automatically migrate it to tape. IBM Optim™ Data Growth Solution is G Back up Optim archive data incrementally to a Tivoli Storage a unique database archiving solution that Manager storage pool that can be managed by Tivoli Storage transparently migrates unneeded records Manager for local availability, disaster recovery or remote vaulting. from database tables to secondary storage. Database archiving with IBM Optim and Tivoli Storage Data deduplication is designed to reduce data Manager storage capacity requirements by eliminating IBM Optim Data Growth Solution is a unique database archiving solution that transparently migrates unneeded records duplicate data from multiple source systems. from database tables to secondary storage. Like Tivoli Storage Manager’s space management and archive solutions, Optim Deduplicating and compressing what’s provides database and storage administrators with a range of left cost and performance benefits. If you’re using a backup solution that requires periodic full backups, data deduplication will certainly help you reduce the There are also benefits to using Tivoli Storage Manager in amount of data you’re managing. Otherwise, the reduction ratio conjunction with Optim, which works seamlessly with Tivoli you can expect from deduplication will depend on your specific Storage Manager’s application program interface (API) to move backup environment. Data deduplication is designed to reduce archived database records directly into Tivoli Storage Manager’s data storage capacity requirements. Some of the duplicate data storage hierarchy, creating a one-step archive and one-step exists across multiple source systems, but most of the duplication is caused by storing repetitive full backup sets.
  • 10. 10 Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure The basic idea behind data deduplication is to store just one Data deduplication can and does occur at many points in the copy of any data object, and place pointers to the single copy data creation and management life cycle. In general, these points wherever duplicates are eliminated (see Figure 5). Some solu- of deduplication can be broken into source-side, where the data tions do this at a file level, so that the files have to be exactly the is created, and target-side, where it is stored and managed. same to be deduplicated. This is often called single-instance Backup applications, for example, can perform source-side storage (SIS). Other solutions deduplicate data at a fixed or deduplication by not transferring data that has previously been variable block length. IBM’s solutions use a blended approach backed up over the LAN or WAN, saving on bandwidth. based on the size of the data—file-based for smaller files, and variable block for larger files. Most deduplication solutions run On the target side, the most popular use of deduplication is in a combination of checksum algorithms against the selected data virtual tape libraries, or VTLs. These disk-based systems emu- to create a hash signature, then check to see if that signature has late tape libraries and drives, but apply deduplication to store ever been seen before. If it has, the data is discarded and a equivalent amounts of data on disk very cost-effectively while pointer to the already stored data is put in its place. A small providing performance advantages over tape. Performing dedu- number of high-end solutions, including IBM’s System Storage plication on tape-based systems is considered to be a bad idea ProtecTIER® systems, perform a complete byte-level differen- except when the entire data set can be stored on a single tape tial comparison of the data to remove all potential for “data cartridge; it would be very difficult to guarantee that you main- collisions,” in the very rare instances where two distinct data tain the original data for all of the pointers across multiple tapes. blocks may share the same hash signature. Today, IBM offers two compelling data deduplication solutions. Tivoli Storage Manager includes both source and target data deduplication capabilities. On the source side, the backup agent Data Deduplication decides if it has sent a data block to the backup server in the past; Data Store Data Store Data Store if it has, it doesn’t send it again. It then also interrogates the backup server to determine if the same block has been backed up by another client. The net result is a reduction of data sent over the network, speeding backup processing. 1. Data chunks are 2. Signature values are 3. Duplicate data chunks evaluated to determine a compared to identify all are replaced with pointers unique signature for each duplicates to a single stored chunk, Virtualized server environments, such as VMware vSphere, saving storage space typically contain a large amount of duplicate data, considering the commonality of most virtual machine images. When using Figure 5: Data deduplication reduces the amount of data that must be managed by creating just one copy of any data object and replacing duplicates with pointers to this single copy.
  • 11. IBM Software 11 Tivoli Storage Manager for Virtual Environments or Tivoli Saving money with Tivoli Storage Storage Manager FastBack to protect these virtual machines, the Manager deduplication built-in data deduplication can dramatically reduce the amount The source and target deduplication capabilities in Tivoli of data that is backed up and transferred over the network, Storage Manager work with data from sources including normal especially when doing full image backups. backups, data imported via the Tivoli Storage Manager API, and archive and HSM data, and are included at no additional cost. Tivoli Storage Manager then performs target-side data dedupli- Tivoli Storage Manager deduplicates disk-based data pools as a cation as a post process at the Tivoli Storage Manager Server. post-process, so there is no impact on backup performance. This has been shown in lab testing to reduce the amount of data in disk storage pools by as much as 40 percent. After running, When used as part of the Tivoli Storage Manager Suite for it automatically reclaims the storage that has been freed up. In Unified Recovery, a bundle of ten Tivoli Storage Manager prod- addition to reducing storage requirements, you are also able to ucts that is priced by the amount of data managed, deduplication store more backup versions on disk to speed recovery operations, can dramatically reduce the overall costs of the backup solution. as opposed to recovering from tape. Tape reclamation is another way that Tivoli Storage Manager The other data deduplication solution is the IBM System increases ROI through intelligent tape utilization. Over time, Storage ProtecTIER family of virtual tape systems for reducing files on tape will expire, leaving chunks of “dead” space that data coming from multiple sources, including Tivoli Storage cannot be reused because the media can only be appended to. Manager servers, backups from other backup systems, or archive Instead of having to wait for all of the data on a tape to expire, a software solutions. ProtecTIER performs extremely fast, in-line policy can be set up in Tivoli Storage Manager to move, based deduplication, and can be purchased as a complete subsystem or on a percentage of dead space, the remaining good data onto as a gateway to your existing storage devices. another tape—thus consolidating the good data and freeing up the other tapes for reuse. Tivoli Storage Manager is also unique Deduplication capabilities in Tivoli Storage in that it will automatically do reclamation of off-site volumes. It does this by creating a new set of tapes to be taken off-site, and Manager help to reduce recovery times by then having the old set of off-site tapes brought back for reuse. making it possible to store more backup data on disk rather than tape.
  • 12. 12 Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure Using Tivoli Storage Manager’s tape reclamation capability IBM recommends using Tivoli Storage Manager data deduplica- allows you to: tion capabilities under the following conditions: G Reduce costs through better utilization of tapes. G You have a single Tivoli Storage Manager server. G Constantly monitor tape utilization. G You want to improve Tivoli Storage Manager recovery times G Establish user-defined reclamation thresholds. by storing more backup data on disk. G Schedule reclamation to occur at specified times or when free G You don’t have a large amount of duplicate data across the sys- space reaches a threshold. tems protected by multiple Tivoli Storage Manager servers. G Return original tapes to the scratch pool. G You want deduplication operations completely integrated within Tivoli Storage Manager so that you can have the benefits of deduplication without having to acquire separate IBM System Storage ProtecTIER performs hardware or software. a byte-level differential comparison to G You want end-to-end data life-cycle management with mini- ensure that data is a duplicate, ensuring mal data store requirements. enterprise-class data integrity. Use ProtecTIER under the following conditions: Deduplicating with the IBM System Storage ProtecTIER G You are deduplicating across multiple Tivoli Storage Manager TS7600 Family (or other backup) servers. IBM System Storage ProtecTIER is a technology leader in per- G You need the highest performance up to 2000 MBps or more. formance, scalability, data integrity and reliability. It is the fastest G You have a large amount of data and need scalable capacity and solution on the market in real customer environments. A single performance. ProtecTIER system can easily scale in both performance G You need inline deduplication to avoid the operational impact (2000 MBps) and capacity (1 PB). And ProtecTIER features of post processing. all IBM best-of-breed components, unlike the inexpensive G You don’t have Tivoli Storage Manager and are performing OEM’d parts found in competitive products. weekly full backups. Choosing between ProtecTIER and Tivoli You can also use Tivoli Storage Manager and ProtecTIER Storage Manager together to enable deduplication at multiple points within a Both Tivoli Storage Manager and ProtecTIER help reduce complex data infrastructure (see Figure 6). storage capacity requirements, operational costs, energy usage, and total cost of ownership, and both enable faster data recover- ies. The choice of which to use for data deduplication depends on a number of criteria.
  • 13. IBM Software 13 Data Deduplication with Tivoli Storage Manager and ProtecTIER Location A Location B Location C Tivoli Storage Manager Other Tape Tivoli Storage Manager Built-in Application Deduplication Servers SAN IBM ProtecTIER Figure 6: Tivoli Storage Manager and ProtecTIER can be deployed together to enable deduplication at multiple points in the data infrastructure. IBM’s broad portfolio of data reduction As shown in Figure 7, IBM offers data reduction across a unified recovery management portfolio consisting of Tivoli Storage solutions help solve complex customer issues, Manager, Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack, and Tivoli Storage while high-quality global support services Manager FastBack for Workstations. You may never have to per- form a full backup again, anywhere in your extended enterprise. help protect your investments. Tivoli Storage Manager also offers best-in-class tape manage- ment and data compression capabilities to further reduce your Why IBM? backup and archive storage requirements. IBM is the only vendor with a comprehensive set of data reduc- tion technologies. Our broad portfolio of data reduction solu- IBM also offers data deduplication built into Tivoli Storage tions gives us the freedom to solve customer issues with the Manager and the ProtecTIER TS7600 family of appliances and most effective technology, while our high-quality global support gateways. Finally, through industry-leading solutions such as services help ensure that your investment in data reduction will IBM Information Archive, IBM provides integrated archive meet your needs over the long term. IBM is continuing to invest solutions for storing and managing multiple types of information in research and development to further create and deliver the from multiple sources, helping organizations meet the widest advanced features our customers are requesting. range of retention demands.
  • 14. 14 Using IBM data reduction solutions to manage more data with less infrastructure Next steps reduction technologies will have the most cost-effective impact IBM Global Technology Services and IBM Business Partners on your operations. You can also ask for a comprehensive ROI stand ready to help you assess your current situation and analysis using IBM’s Business Value Analyst (BVA) tool. recommend next steps. We can help you determine which data Branch Offices Data Center D/R Site Tivoli Storage IBM Applications FastBack Manager for Virtual TSM B/A FlashCopy Information File Servers Clients Environments Clients Manager Archive VMware Servers IBM System Storage Off-site Storage FastBack Clients FastBack Server FastBack Server WAN Tiers of Storage Storage Manager Storage Manager Tivoli Storage Tivoli Storage Manager Server Manager Server FastBack for Workstations Install/Upgrade Configuration Tivoli Storage Manager Monitoring Set Policies Administration Center Reporting Execute Backup/Restore Production Data Backup/Archive Data Disaster Recovery Data Deduplicated Data Figure 7: IBM offers data reduction across a unified recovery management portfolio.
  • 15. Notes
  • 16. For more information IBM is uniquely positioned to provide a wide range of storage management solutions, even for mixed-vendor environments. We can help you implement a dynamic storage infrastructure that scales to meet your changing business requirements. © Copyright IBM Corporation 2011 To learn more about how IBM Tivoli storage management IBM Corporation Software Group solutions can help you address data management concerns Route 100 Somers, NY 10589 in your environment, contact your IBM sales U.S.A. representative or IBM Business Partner, or visit Produced in the United States of America ibm.com/software/tivoli/solutions/storage. Additional informa- October 2011 tion can be found at ibm.com/software/tivoli/solutions/reduction All Rights Reserved IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com, ProtecTIER, System Storage and Tivoli are trademarks or registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. If these and other IBM trademarked terms are marked on their first occurrence in this information with a trademark symbol (® or ™), these symbols indicate U.S. registered or common law trademarks owned by IBM at the time this information was published. Such trademarks may also be registered or common law trademarks in other countries. A current list of IBM trademarks is available on the web at “Copyright and trademark information” at ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or both. Microsoft and Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. Other company, product and service names may be trademarks or service marks of others. References in this publication to IBM products and services do not imply that IBM intends to make them available in all countries in which IBM operates. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without written permission from IBM Corporation. Product data has been reviewed for accuracy as of the date of initial publication. Product data is subject to change without notice. Any statements regarding IBM’s future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only. The customer is responsible for ensuring compliance with legal requirements. It is the customer’s sole responsibility to obtain advice of The information provided in this document is distributed “as is” without any competent legal counsel as to the identification and interpretation of any warranty, either express or implied. ibm expressly disclaims any warranties of relevant laws and regulatory requirements that may affect the customer’s merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or noninfringement. business and any actions the customer may need to take to comply with IBM products are warranted according to the terms and conditions of the such laws. IBM does not provide legal advice or represent or warrant that agreements (e.g. IBM Customer Agreement, Statement of Limited its services or products will ensure that the customer is in compliance with Warranty, International Program License Agreement, etc.) under which they any law or regulation. are provided. Please Recycle TIW14046-USEN-01