1. Identification and seed multiplication ofIdentification and seed multiplication of
winter wheat varieties resistant towinter wheat varieties resistant to stripestripe
rustrust in Tajikistanin Tajikistan
H.M. Ahmadov, R.C. Sharma, S.H.M. Ahmadov, R.C. Sharma, S.ТТ. Saidov, A.U. Jalilov. Saidov, A.U. Jalilov
Izmir 2014Izmir 2014

2. Map of TajikistanMap of Tajikistan
 The map of TajikistanThe map of Tajikistan

3. General InformationGeneral Information
• Tajikistan is landlocked countryTajikistan is landlocked country
• The territory is 142,600 kmThe territory is 142,600 km22
• 93% of the area occupied by mountains93% of the area occupied by mountains
• Population is more than 8 millionsPopulation is more than 8 millions
• 70% of population live in rural areas70% of population live in rural areas

4. Area under cereal and legume cropsArea under cereal and legume crops
((thousand he.)thousand he.)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
2005 2006 2007 208 2009 2010 2011
cereal and cereal-
legumes crops
Wheat

5. Production grainProduction grain ((thousand/tonnesthousand/tonnes))

6. YieldYield of cereal cropsof cereal crops
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Yield (q/ha)

7. MMain reasonain reasonss for low wheat productivityfor low wheat productivity
The main reason for low wheat productivity is aThe main reason for low wheat productivity is a
complex of natural and anthropogenic factors,complex of natural and anthropogenic factors,
such as:such as:
 Low quality soilLow quality soil
 Low soil fertilityLow soil fertility
 Untimely sowingUntimely sowing
 Shortages of equipment, mineral fertilizers andShortages of equipment, mineral fertilizers and
quality of seedsquality of seeds
 Using of slope landsUsing of slope lands
 Diseases (stripe rust,Diseases (stripe rust, leaf rustleaf rust, tan spot, and, tan spot, and
others)others)

8. Wheat breeding nurseries underWheat breeding nurseries under
natural infection of stripe rustnatural infection of stripe rust
Gissar - 2013Gissar - 2013

9. International cooperation on stripe rustInternational cooperation on stripe rust
research in Tajikistanresearch in Tajikistan
ICARDA and CIMMYT support work on identifyingICARDA and CIMMYT support work on identifying
stripe rust resistant wheat varieties and theirstripe rust resistant wheat varieties and their
promotionpromotion
 Improved wheat varieties through InternationalImproved wheat varieties through International
nurseries are testednurseries are tested
 Support through visit of scientists in the regionSupport through visit of scientists in the region
 Training of researchersTraining of researchers
 Organizing field daysOrganizing field days
 Participation in conferencesParticipation in conferences
 Support through special research projectsSupport through special research projects

10.  NewNew varietiesvarieties fromfrom
InternationalInternational
Organizations wereOrganizations were
regionzed. Theyregionzed. They
occupy the area moreoccupy the area more
than 20000 hectares.than 20000 hectares.
Variety zonation from
ICARDA and CMMYT


11. Results of monitoring of a wheat stripe rustResults of monitoring of a wheat stripe rust

 6 photos6 photos

12. Precipitation mapPrecipitation map

13. Khatlon oblastKhatlon oblast
LocationLocation
namename
Date ofDate of
surveysurvey
AltitudeAltitude: м: м LatitudeLatitude
LongitudeLongitude
Stripe Rust:Stripe Rust:
%%
Leaf RustLeaf Rust::
%%
HurosonHuroson 23.05.23.05. 519519 N 38.04677N 38.04677
E 068.70411E 068.70411
2200 00
BokhtarBokhtar 23.05.23.05. 405405 N 37.80099N 37.80099
E 068.74453E 068.74453
1010 1010
RumiRumi 23.05.23.05. 380380 N 37.68982N 37.68982
E 068.63876E 068.63876
2020 1010
JilikulJilikul 23.05.23.05. 366366 N 37.56589N 37.56589
E 068.57032E 068.57032
1010 1010
VakhshVakhsh 23.05.23.05. 478478 N 37.86323N 37.86323
E 068.91127E 068.91127
1010 00
SarbandSarband 23.05.23.05. 744744 N 37.92518N 37.92518
E 069.10250E 069.10250
1010 00
DangaraDangara 24.05.24.05. 618618 N 38.05282N 38.05282
E 069.33271E 069.33271
1010 2020
VoseVose 24.05.24.05. 447447 N 37.75763N 37.75763
E 069.52396E 069.52396
1010 3030

14. Sogd oblastSogd oblast
LocationLocation
namename
Date ofDate of
surveysurvey
AltitudeAltitude: м: м LatitudeLatitude
LongitudeLongitude
Stripe Rust:Stripe Rust:
%%
Leaf RustLeaf Rust::
%%
AiniAini 27.05.27.05. 12631263 N 39.44855N 39.44855
E 068.19739E 068.19739
1010 00
PenjikentPenjikent 27.05.27.05. 936936 N 39.50724N 39.50724
E 067.49582E 067.49582
7070 00
IstravshanIstravshan 28.05.28.05. 723723 N 40.02390N 40.02390
E 069.05996E 069.05996
5050 00
SpitamenSpitamen 28.05.28.05. 402402 N 40.13819N 40.13819
E 069.36592E 069.36592
1010 00
B. GafurovB. Gafurov 28.05.28.05. 336336 N 40.19530N 40.19530
E 069.48072E 069.48072
1010 00
KanibadamKanibadam 29.05.29.05. 357357 N 40.22500N 40.22500
E 069.96402E 069.96402
1010 00
IsfaraIsfara 29.05.29.05. 812812 N 40.15662N 40.15662
E 070.69995E 070.69995
1010 00
IsfaraIsfara 29.05.29.05. 810810 N 40.15709N 40.15709
E 070.70494E 070.70494
1515 00

15. Central RegionCentral Region
LocationLocation
namename
Date ofDate of
surveysurvey
AltitudeAltitude: м: м LatitudeLatitude
LongitudeLongitude
Stripe Rust:Stripe Rust:
%%
Leaf RustLeaf Rust::
%%
GissarGissar 22.05.22.05. 767767 N 38.51271N 38.51271
E 067.64584E 067.64584
8080 00
GissarGissar 22.05.22.05. 754754 N 38.50678N 38.50678
E 068.59558E 068.59558
8080 00
GissarGissar 22.05.22.05. 772772 N 38.50926N 38.50926
E 068.55888E 068.55888
8080 00
RudakiRudaki 24.05.24.05. 814814 N 38.55612N 38.55612
E 068.93984E 068.93984
3030 1100
RudakiRudaki 24.05.24.05. 764764 N 38.54270N 38.54270
E 068.85140E 068.85140
2020 00
RudakiRudaki 24.05.24.05. 847847 N 38.39134N 38.39134
E 068.69286E 068.69286
3030 00
VahdatVahdat 24.05.24.05. 980980 N 38.51343N 38.51343
E 069.09707E 069.09707
4040 00
VahdatVahdat 24.05.24.05. 865865 N 38.52698N 38.52698
E 069.02718E 069.02718
5050 00

16. Monitoring of development of wheatMonitoring of development of wheat
stripe ruststripe rust
 Monitoring of development of wheat stripe rust inMonitoring of development of wheat stripe rust in
Tajikistan is carried out every yearTajikistan is carried out every year
 In the most part of the territory these indicatorsIn the most part of the territory these indicators
are insignificantare insignificant
 Only in the Gissar valley this indicator is greatestOnly in the Gissar valley this indicator is greatest
because of good condition for development ofbecause of good condition for development of
wheat stripe rustwheat stripe rust
 On a high natural infectious background in thisOn a high natural infectious background in this
zone susceptible Russianzone susceptible Russian varietiesvarieties Irishka andIrishka and
Delta, and the TurkishDelta, and the Turkish varietievarietie Tratva KhartyTratva Kharty
were revealed. They showed 80% severity bywere revealed. They showed 80% severity by
stripe ruststripe rust

17. RResistanсesistanсe to a stripe ruste to a stripe rust
 HighHigh resistanсresistanсe showed wheat of a locale showed wheat of a local
varietiesvarieties Ormon, Oriyon and ShumonOrmon, Oriyon and Shumon
 ModerateModerate resistanсresistanсe showede showed varietiesvarieties
Sadoqat and AlexSadoqat and Alex..
 The RussianThe Russian varietiesvarieties Sila, Ayvina, Proton,Sila, Ayvina, Proton,
Vassa, Vershina, Kalym, Grom alsoVassa, Vershina, Kalym, Grom also
showed highshowed high resistanсresistanсe to a stripe ruste to a stripe rust

18. Effective genes stability to a stripe rustEffective genes stability to a stripe rust
 Highly effective genes YrHighly effective genes Yr,, showing stability in ashowing stability in a
heading stageheading stage ((immune type of reactionimmune type of reaction): 5, 8,): 5, 8,
15;15;
 effective -1, 1 (2) points, degree 1- 10%effective -1, 1 (2) points, degree 1- 10%
genes of adult plantsgenes of adult plants YrYr: 4, 10,: 4, 10, NDND;;
 -- moderately effective-moderately effective-2 (3)2 (3) points,points, degreedegree
11 – 30%11 – 30% - genes of adult plants- genes of adult plants --YrYr: 2, 3а,: 2, 3а,
4а, 17, 18, А+18, 25,4а, 17, 18, А+18, 25, SPSP,, APRAPR
 -- nonnon effectiveeffective - 3 (4)- 3 (4) pointspoints,, degree moredegree more
30% -30% - genes of adult plantsgenes of adult plants YrYr: 1, 6, 7, 9, 18,: 1, 6, 7, 9, 18,
21, А, 27, 27+18, 28, 29, 31.21, А, 27, 27+18, 28, 29, 31.

19. Seed multiplication of resistant wheatSeed multiplication of resistant wheat
varieties in 2014varieties in 2014
Ormon –Ormon – 435 ha435 ha
Alex –Alex – 558 ha558 ha
Shumon –Shumon – 7 ha7 ha
Total:Total: 1000 ha1000 ha

20. Field Day – 4 June 2013Field Day – 4 June 2013
Wheat Seed Multiplication, TajikistanWheat Seed Multiplication, Tajikistan

21. Thank you very much for yourThank you very much for your
attention!attention!