This document discusses opportunities to improve artificial insemination services to enhance dairy and beef production in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. It notes that the region has a large cattle population and production facilities, as well as trained AI technicians. However, it identifies bottlenecks like a lack of input provision, low conception rates, and technicians performing other duties. The document proposes strategies to address these, such as distributing liquid nitrogen and semen via trucks, providing motorbikes for technicians, training additional technicians, and improving reporting. The overall goal is to realize the potential of the region's cattle population through better artificial insemination services.