1. Spatial Representations
and Urban Planning
Gilberto Corso Pereira
Federal University of Bahia - corso@ufba.br
Maria Célia Furtado Rocha
PRODEB
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2. Spatial representations and urban planning
• urban models - idealized representations
urbanism and digital representations
• planning and urban models
• urban models and social representation
• public space/sphere
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4. Urbanism and Digitization
cities and urban planning
Urban Planning X political power
asymmetric consequences
participation in planning process
demand for information
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5. Urbanism and Digitization
urban data / information
digital data
digital representation
public participation
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6. Urbanism and Digitization
digital city
• network, services;
De Digitale Stad, 1994
• urban models
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7. Urbanism and Digitization
digital city contemporary vision
large amount of data available
computers in the city x city inside the computer
a. use of virtual environments as an interface for
planning activities and management
b. support and access to data and information by
citizens and organizations
c. provide an infrastructure communication
d. deliver innovative services and value added
information
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8. Planning and Urban Models
types, classification
Lowry, 1965
• descriptive
• predictive
• planning
• iconic
• symbolic
•
Ackoff
analogue
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9. Planning and Urban Models
technological context
CAD 2D > 3D
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10. Planning and Urban Models
technological context
CAD 2D > 3D > BIM
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11. Planning and Urban Models
technological context
Digital photogrametry
laser scan
LIDAR
GPS
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12. Planning and Urban Models
technological context
Digital photogrametry
laser scan
LIDAR
GPS
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13. Planning and Urban Models
technological context
Al Gore vision, 1998 science fiction, 1992
“Digital Earth” as a multi-resolution, three- “There is something new: A globe about the size
dimensional representation of the planet that of a grapefruit, a perfectly detailed rendition of
would make it possible to find, visualize, and Planet Earth, hanging in space at arm's length in
make sense of vast amounts of geo-referenced front of his eyes. Hiro has heard about this but
information on the physical and social never seen it. It is a piece of CIC software called,
environment. Such a system would allow users simply, Earth. It is the user interface that CIC
to navigate through space and time, access to uses to keep track of every bit of spatial
historical data as well as future predictions information that it owns - all the maps, weather
based for example on environmental models, data, architectural plans, and satellite surveillance
and support access and use by scientists, stuff. ... Now it is suddenly here, free of charge”
policy-makers, and children alike
Neal Stephenson’s (1992) novel Snow Crash
2001 - launch of Keyhole’s Earth Viewer 2005 - launch of Google Earth
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14. Urban Models and Social Representation
geometry X geography X demography
topographical
descriptive model, if used
representations fail to
for analysis of urban
capture the essence of
social processes, would
economic, political and
have to incorporate new
cultural place in the
forms of representation
contemporary city
Sassen, 2001
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15. Urban Models and Social Representation
areas, dwelling, adress
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16. Urban Models and Social Representation
areas, dwelling, adress
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17. Urban Models and Social Representation
areas, dwelling, adress
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18. Urbanism and public space/sphere
physical X virtual X real
digital simulation of the
real world
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19. Urbanism and public space/sphere
physical X virtual X real
digital simulation of the
real world
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20. Urbanism and public space/sphere
physical X virtual X real
digital simulation of the
real world
virtual geographies and
physical arrangements
of cities
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21. Urbanism and public space/sphere
physical X virtual X real
public sphere
• not limited to media or public places
for sociospatial interaction
• the cultural/informational repository
for ideas and projects Castells (2008)
• social organizations and socio-
technical networks as systems and
environments
• spatial practices, interaction and
organization that did not previously
exist
Internet is not only a support element
and technological mediation
• environment to information,
communication and action
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22. Urbanism and public space/sphere
physical X virtual X real
categories of "public", "public space"
must therefore be revised
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23. Final Remarks
virtual/digital x real/physical
new tools
• display and manage
flows of information
• ubiquitous
technologies
• participatory
planning, scenarios,
alternatives,
interactions ...
Yu Zheng, Urban Computing with Taxicabs, Beijing, 2011
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24. Final Remarks
augmented city http://helsinki.urbanflow.io/
• cartography as
interface and
infra-structure
• city as social
network
• city as interface
and infra-
structure
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25. Final Remarks
“the medium is the message”
changes are cultural and technological
architects and urban planners
not very present in this discussion
IT professionals
to increment the existing environment with tons of
digital information
convergence between physical and digital
geographical location - interactions based on “where”
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