Stefano Pili and Valeria Saiu on "A knowledge-based analytic approach for sustainable projects in outlying urban areas"

1. knowledge-
A knowledge-based analytic approach
for sustainable projects
in outlying urban areas
Stefano Pili, Valeria Saiu

2. "La riqualificazione sostenibile delle “periferie” della Sardegna. Impostazione di
una metodologia per il recupero“
by Valeria Saiu PhD, developed on the Cagliari's Architecture Department
financed by Regione Sardegna (years 2010-2012)
with the supervisor prof. Antonello Sanna
"Definizione di una metodologia per l’implementazione di un sistema di aiuto
alla decisione, in ambiente GIS, finalizzato all’integrazione dell’efficienza
energetica degli edifici residenziali nei processi di formulazione e valutazione di
politiche, piani o programmi in ambito urbano"
Phd thesis by Stefano Pili, Phd on Land Engineering (XXIV cycle) at the Cagliari
University (Italy)
with the supervisor prof. Emanuela Abis

3. L’analisi storica

4. I caratteri del suolo
Le infrastrutture

5. L’analisi tipo-morfologica
La selezione dei casi studio

8. Cities consume 60-80% of the world’s total energy (OECD, 2010)
60-
sustainable urban design
> central role in the development of future policy
> one of the main engines driving the renewal of instruments
for regional management.

9. Since the 1990s cities have played an increasingly central role in
determining strategies for sustainable development
1994 - Aalborg Charter
sustainability goals on the urban scale > indicators
"our policy-making and controlling efforts (...) on different types of
indicators, including those of urban environmental quality, urban flows,
urban patterns, and, most importantly, indicators of an urban systems
sustainability”
> methods for analyzing and monitoring the design of urban projects
integration of study of the energy efficiency of buildings with issues of
environmental and economic sustainability of plans
and to include a system of analysis that can evaluate the social equity of
urban development.

11. 2005, Piano Paesaggistico Regionale of Sardinia (PPR)
> local urban plans were required to be adapted to the Regional Landscape Plan,
> local governments were called upon to integrate their land-use plans
with themes regarding the environmental and landscape sustainability of urban transformation.

13. 1954
2006

15. Claru Bidda Pitz’e Serra Santa Lucia
detached free-standing dwellings apartment buildings row housing

16. quality:
urban quality
public space,
green areas and services,
demand for mobility,
social composition of the population,
(...)
quality:
building quality
energy sustainability of buildings,
(...)
Through these first analyses, a knowledge-based approach -
useful for guiding decision-making towards strategic planning
choices that can be verified in greater detail in a subsequent
design phase - began to take shape.
thresholds
Target value
Plan implementation phase
Urban quality Green and public space
Relationship with context
Mobility needs
Municipal value
Social integration
Demographic data
H value obtained through current standard
Envelope efficiency regulations
Building quality heat transfer coefficient H [W/k]
DHW need [ kWh year]
DHW solar panel (UNI 11300 part 2)
Potential production [kWh year]
Electric need [ kWh year]
PV solar panel 3000 kWh year for unit
Potential production [kWh year]

17. Evaluating urban quality
Claru Bidda
Housing: 55%
Green and services: 22%
Roads: 23%
Pitz'e Serra
Housing: 55%
Green and services: 27%
Roads: 18%
Santa Lucia
Housing: 40%
Green and services: 452%
Roads: 15%

18. Population
Apartment-building and detached dwellings
areas, showed a prevalence of working-age
population, in the ranges from 30 to 44 and 45 to
60. The high rate of singles presence in the
apartment building could be related to the smaller
house dimension.
The greater variety of dwelling size (90 sqm, 80
sqm, 70 sqm and 45 sqm) is a significant factor in
the evaluation of the current and potential social
mix in the area and also explains the high
percentage of rentals (40%) as well as the high
incidence of nuclear families.
In the row house area, the larger sizes of the
dwelling units permits a great number of larger
family units to reside there while maintaining a low
crowding index and thus good urban quality.
For all three areas in the study, occupancy rates
are higher than the municipal average with the
exception of the detached housing area which
maintains, at least in part, its character as a
summer colony. outside the

19. Row housing and free-standing dwelling areas shows more
mobility demand to outside than the municipality average
The location near the major metropolitan connection road has
attracted users characterized by the need for great mobility,
especially people employed in the commercial sector or
businesses in general.

20. Assessing building quality : Based on available data, the evaluation is focused on the efficiency
of the envelope and the potential use of renewable energy sources .
Envelope efficiency
H = Uwall*Swall + Uwind*Swind + Uroof*Sroof + Ubase*Sbase + Ustair*Sstair (1)
Where:
H = global transmission heat transfer coefficient [W/k]
Swall = Wall Surface Uwall = Wall U-value
Uwind= Windows U-value Swind = Window surface
Uroof = Roof U-value Sroof = Roof surface
Ubase = Basement U-value Sbase = base surface
Ustair = Stair well wall U-Value Sstair = Stair well wall surface
Residential Energy Toolbox base data
Data data source Data data source
Geometry projects N° of floors Bing Map
Glazing ratio projects Roof type Bing Map
Average floor height projects Wall color Bing Map
Structures and Mechanical system
Typology Missing data
material efficiency

21. Potential use of renewable energy sources
Comparison between theoretical potential of solar panels for DHW and electricity and their
domestic needs.
ES = I*C*AS*PVm/ NeedE (2)
DHWS = I*C*AS*DHWm/ NeedDHW (3)
Where:
EF = Electric need fulfilling DHWF = DHW need fulfilling
NeedE = Electric need, 3000 kWh by units
I = solar year irradiation [kWh/mq year]
C = surface azimuthal and zenithal parameters
PVm = PV panel average efficiency 14%
AS = available roof surface parameter [sm]
DHWm = DHW panel average efficiency, 65%
DHW Need = Domestic Hot Wather need (UNI 11300 part 2)

24. Conclusions
Despite the simplifications deriving from the analysis scale, the methodology
is able to create thematic maps and synthetic graphs from a set of indicators
that could be useful to provide guidelines in developing plan strategies
Further research
extending the analysis to other typological/morphological models present in
those areas
Define a more complete set of indicator to asses other aspects of urban
sustainability
Put the methodology in a GIS software to develop a useful tool for
knowledge construction as well as for design alternative projects
This opens to a Spatial Multicriteria Analysis tools implementation to
assess between alternative project and scenarios.