1. NO TOILET NO BRIDE
WOMEN LED NIRMAL BHARAT ABHIYAN
URVASHI PRASAD
CONSULTANT
MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
Women Led Water Management Conference, IRRD , Gurgaon, Haryana
6th November, 2012

2. Reactions…
 No more school for her..
 God, no periods during exams…
 I am scared to go out in the dark to
defecate
 Mere Bhachchi ko phir diarreoa ho
gaya. Aaj ki dehadi bhi gayi aur
samay bhi
 O God this toilet is so dirty and
dingy.
 I am having a gynaec infection
Amudha

3. Poor Sanitation Impacts Women the
most---
 Health –Gynaec , Menstrual
problems, Diarrhea , Malnutrition,
JE/AES
 Education – Low Enrollment,
Drop out
 Safety – Insecurity, sexual abuse
 Dignity & Privacy – Place to
defecate without having the fear
of being seen nude or abused.
 Women take care of water and
sanitation needs of family

4. Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan –Key Features
 Creation of open defecation free Nirmal grams
 Saturation approach
 All Households ( Identified APL & BPL have
toilets)
 All Schools have toilets
 All Anganwadis have toilets
• Solid and Liquid Waste Management
• Focus on demand generation and focussed IEC
• Inclusion of gender perspective in Key
components

5. WOMEN LED
NIRMAL BHARAT ABHIYAN
Women for SHEEEL
 Sanitation Promotion- Women as Change
Agents
 Health –Menstrual Hygiene
 Education – School Sanitation and Hygiene
Education
 Employment – SHGs
 Empowerment- Women Led Nirmal Gram
Panchayats
 Latrine Construction -Women Sanitary
Complexes

6. Sanitation promotion Women as Change
Agents
 As mothers train young children in
sanitation practices
 Awareness generation and
Community mobilization “No toilet No
Bride” “No toilet No Cooking”
 National Communication Strategy
framework
 ASHA, AWW, Swachchata Preraks,
Swachchata Doots engaged
 Haryana –Women have formed
vigilance Committees to monitor
sanitation promotion

7. Education – School Sanitation and
Hygiene Education
 Incentive of Rs. 35,000/- (Rs. 38,500
in case of hilly and difficult areas) for
provision of child friendly toilets,
urinals, handwashing facilities and
health hygiene education in all
Government and Government aided E - Education
schools in rural areas.
 Separate toilet units for girls and boys
in all Co-educational schools.
 Menstrual Hygiene, Incinerators in
Schools

8. Gender Sensitive School Sanitation Programme
 A minimum package of water and sanitation facilities with appropriate , child
friendly and gender – sensitive designs are available in all schools.
 Provision of separate toilet and urinal facilities for girls: Safe location and
lock.
 Appropriate location of toilets for girls to ensure security and access.
 Adequate ratio of toilets and urinals with more facilities for girls to reduce
waiting time.
 Privacy and security: Every cubical with doors and latches, walls at least 6
feet high.
 Education on use and maintenance of facilities in schools : students clubs
/committees. All children of all ages and groups are actively involved in
school sanitation and hygiene education and both boys and girls share the
responsibility of maintenance.
 Urinals with foot rests to support squatting.
 Sanitary napkin vending machines.
 Safe disposal of sanitary napkins by setting up incinerators.
 Menstrual hygiene and health education programmes.

9. Employment - Role of Women SHGs
 Use of group savings, bank loan,
revolving fund, and pooling of incentives
for Toilet construction
 Income generation opportunities-
 Production of Low cost rural pans,
construction of toilets
 Rural Sanitary Marts
 Production Centres
 Sanitary Napkin Production Units
 Solid and Liquid Waste Management
 Convergence with NRLM

10. Empowerment- Women Led Nirmal
Gram Panchayats
 As members of SWSM, DWSC design
sanitation programmes and policies
 As Panchayat Presidents Lead their
villages in making Nirmal Grams
 As members of Village Water and Sanitation
Committees make Sanitation Action Plans
for Gram Panchayats
 As ASHA, AWW, Teachers, Mahila Mandal
SHG Members are sanitation ambassadors

11. Latrine Construction
 Women as Masons
 Production of sanitary materials


12. Latrine Construction
Building Gender Friendly
Toilets- Comfort, Dignity,
Easy operation and
maintenance, Water
Supply, privacy, Dustbins,
incinerators, bathrooms,
Integrated Women’s
Sanitary Complexes
Integrated Women’s Sanitary Complex, Sultanpettai
Block, Tiruppur district, Tamil Nadu

13. ISSUES Building a Gender
Sensitive Policy & Environment
 Women in the Centre of Planning and Decision Making
 Prioritizing specific needs and concerns of women from
all Social Groups
 NBA has components of involvement of women
 No detailed or specific guidelines for inclusion of gender
perspective in specific components
Eg. – Gender Sensitive Latrines
Menstrual Hygiene
Lack of disaggregated data on gender and
sanitation facilities
Bathrooms with Toilets


14. ISSUES Capacity Development
 Sanitation training poor cousin as compared
to Water Supply projects
 Targeting women for training (SHGs, Women
PRIs)
 Training in technical, managerial, financial
 Building Gender perspective in new
institutions like BRCs, VHWSNC, KRCs
 Gender Focused training programmes
SACOSAN 2008 Amudha

15. ISSUES Participation and Equity in
Decision Making
 Women under represented in sanitation world
 Increased income and status of women with
involvement in sanitation projects
 Projects Designed to run with full participation of
women are more effective and sustainable
 Reservation of women in new institutions under
NBA Viz, SWSM, SWSC, DWSC BRCs,
VHWSNC

16. ISSUES Resource Mobilization
 Formal and Informal womens organizations
SHGs, Mahila Mandals
 Prioritizing womens needs change from to Top
Down models to a range of models .Dignity,
privacy, spaces for bathing and washing
 Entrepreneurship opportunities for Womens
Groups
 Convergence of programmes that work
through women .

17. WAY FORWARD
SACOSAN 2008 Amudha

18. Women Led NBA
Reactions…
 Shauchalya nahi to dulhan nahi
 Shauchalya nahi to khana nahi
 Amcha Gram Hagandari Mukt
 These simple sanitary napkins
made by the self help group
women has made me feel
confident and helped many girls
in my village to continue with
their studies without being shy.
 This Nirmal Gram Puruskar as
President of my Panchayat that I
have won from the President of
India has made my village
women and men proud

19. Sanitation is more important than
freedom….
Freedom to live a dignified life…….