SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 1
Descargar para leer sin conexión
Targeted Water Quality Assessment in Small Reservoirs in Brazil, Zimbabwe, Morocco and Burkina Faso:
                                                         water uses determine focus and methodology of water quality measurements

                                                                                                         by
                                                                                   Eline Boelee, Lineu Rodrigues, Aidan Senzanje,
                                                                                         Hammou Laamrani, Philippe Cecchi

                                Background
                                Physical and chemical parameters of water in reservoirs can be affected by natural and manmade pollutants, causing damage to the aquatic life and
                                water quality. Small reservoirs are used for different purposes, making specific water quality parameters relevant and requiring specific methods to
                                assess these. In 4 countries: Brazil, Zimbabwe, Morocco and Burkina Faso, small reservoirs were analyzed in different ways.



 Brazil – São Francisco Basin                                                                                                           Zimbabwe – Limpopo Basin
 Main use of small reservoirs: irrigated agriculture                                                                                    Main use of small reservoirs: livestock watering, agriculture, brick
 Water quality concern: chemical contamination – from which origin?                                                                     making, domestic, wildlife

 Approach: chemical analysis                                                        On-site chemical                                    Water quality concern: organic pollution, ecosystem integrity
                                                                                  analysis in Rio Preto                                 Approach: questionnaire survey, plankton analysis in densely
 Findings:                                                                         catchment, Brazil             Water sampling at      populated areas and national parks
 • Chemical contaminants were mainly of geological origins                                                     Mzingwane catchment,
                                                                                                                    Zimbabwe            Findings:
 • Nutrient inflow (fertilizer) from surrounding areas of intensive agriculture
                                                                                                                                        • Park reservoirs had higher variety of phytoplankton
 • Environmental issues
                                                                                                                                        • Community reservoirs had higher zooplankton abundance
                                                                                                                                        • Plankton may not be best indicator because of seasonal variation

 Morocco – Souss Massa Basin                                                                                                                    Burkina Faso – Nakambe Basin
 Main use of small reservoirs: domestic, livestock watering,                                                                                    Main use of small reservoirs: Agriculture, fisheries,
 agriculture, construction, wildlife                                                                                                            livestock watering, domestic, brick making
 Water quality concern: organic pollution, salinity, hardness                                                                                   Water quality concern: toxic algal blooms
 Approach: participatory study, bacterial and chemical analysis                                                             Water sampling at   Approach: analysis of phytoplankton and cyanobacteria
                                                                        Participatory mapping
 Findings:                                                                with farmers from                                   Lac de Sian,
                                                                                                                             Burkina Faso
                                                                                                                                                Findings:
 • Reservoir water too high levels of fecal coliform bacteria for       Asgherkiss, Morocco
                                                                                                                                                • Cyanobacteria dominated phytoplankton
 human and animal consumption
                                                                                                                                                • High cyanotoxin levels in some reservoirs
 • Other sources insufficient quantities
                                                                                                                                                • Strong correlation between cyanobacteria, high human
                                                                                                                                                population densities and agricultural intensification
                                                            Conclusions
                                                            • Comparable findings from 4 countries
                                                            • Main water uses provide good guidance for targeting water quality assessments
Contact: e.boelee@cgiar.org                                 • In absence of water quality monitoring programs, incidental measurements can help identify risk factors and potential interventions
                                                            • Even in areas with low population densities, water quality is degrading
                                                            • More complicated and severe water quality issues with increasing human and agricultural pressure
                                                            • Water quality is threatening the ecosystem services of small reservoirs such as fisheries
                                                            • Water quality management options are crucial for sustainable use of small reservoirs
                                                            • Such options need to be developed for water resources planning and development as well as for communities managing their own reservoirs.

Más contenido relacionado

Más de International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

Más de International Water Management Institute (IWMI) (20)

A compilation of presentations made at the 7th Small Scale Irrigation Multi-S...
A compilation of presentations made at the 7th Small Scale Irrigation Multi-S...A compilation of presentations made at the 7th Small Scale Irrigation Multi-S...
A compilation of presentations made at the 7th Small Scale Irrigation Multi-S...
 
ClimBeR – Governance for Resilience (G4R) - French version
ClimBeR – Governance for Resilience (G4R) - French versionClimBeR – Governance for Resilience (G4R) - French version
ClimBeR – Governance for Resilience (G4R) - French version
 
ClimBeR – Governance for Resilience (G4R)
ClimBeR – Governance for Resilience (G4R)ClimBeR – Governance for Resilience (G4R)
ClimBeR – Governance for Resilience (G4R)
 
Groundwater irrigation for building climate resilience in West Africa_ IWMI-E...
Groundwater irrigation for building climate resilience in West Africa_ IWMI-E...Groundwater irrigation for building climate resilience in West Africa_ IWMI-E...
Groundwater irrigation for building climate resilience in West Africa_ IWMI-E...
 
Systemic, adaptive approach for scaling groundwater irrigation in West Africa
Systemic, adaptive approach  for scaling groundwater  irrigation in West AfricaSystemic, adaptive approach  for scaling groundwater  irrigation in West Africa
Systemic, adaptive approach for scaling groundwater irrigation in West Africa
 
Groundwater and the Untapped Potential for Building Climate Resilience in W...
Groundwater and the Untapped  Potential for Building Climate  Resilience in W...Groundwater and the Untapped  Potential for Building Climate  Resilience in W...
Groundwater and the Untapped Potential for Building Climate Resilience in W...
 
Operationalizing farmer led irrigation development at scale
Operationalizing farmer led irrigation development at scaleOperationalizing farmer led irrigation development at scale
Operationalizing farmer led irrigation development at scale
 
Application of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus concept to transboundary riv...
Application of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus concept to transboundary riv...Application of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus concept to transboundary riv...
Application of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus concept to transboundary riv...
 
Develop and implement an incremental improvement plan: Module Five
Develop and implement an incremental improvement plan: Module Five Develop and implement an incremental improvement plan: Module Five
Develop and implement an incremental improvement plan: Module Five
 
Identify hazards, assess existing control measures, and assess exposure risks...
Identify hazards, assess existing control measures, and assess exposure risks...Identify hazards, assess existing control measures, and assess exposure risks...
Identify hazards, assess existing control measures, and assess exposure risks...
 
Identify hazards, assess existing control measures, and assess exposure risk...
Identify hazards, assess existing control measures, and assess  exposure risk...Identify hazards, assess existing control measures, and assess  exposure risk...
Identify hazards, assess existing control measures, and assess exposure risk...
 
Describe the existing sanitation system - Module Three of Governance and Reus...
Describe the existing sanitation system - Module Three of Governance and Reus...Describe the existing sanitation system - Module Three of Governance and Reus...
Describe the existing sanitation system - Module Three of Governance and Reus...
 
Prepare for Reuse/Sanitation Safety Plan - Module Two of Governance and Reuse...
Prepare for Reuse/Sanitation Safety Plan - Module Two of Governance and Reuse...Prepare for Reuse/Sanitation Safety Plan - Module Two of Governance and Reuse...
Prepare for Reuse/Sanitation Safety Plan - Module Two of Governance and Reuse...
 
Introduction to Reuse/Sanitation Safety Planning and Governance System - Modu...
Introduction to Reuse/Sanitation Safety Planning and Governance System - Modu...Introduction to Reuse/Sanitation Safety Planning and Governance System - Modu...
Introduction to Reuse/Sanitation Safety Planning and Governance System - Modu...
 
Water reuse in MENA: Status, prospects and challenges
Water reuse in MENA: Status, prospects and challenges Water reuse in MENA: Status, prospects and challenges
Water reuse in MENA: Status, prospects and challenges
 
Integration of circular economy approach into sanitation service delivery for...
Integration of circular economy approach into sanitation service delivery for...Integration of circular economy approach into sanitation service delivery for...
Integration of circular economy approach into sanitation service delivery for...
 
Irrigation development and agricultural water management in Africa: transitio...
Irrigation development and agricultural water management in Africa: transitio...Irrigation development and agricultural water management in Africa: transitio...
Irrigation development and agricultural water management in Africa: transitio...
 
Drought Challenges: Policy Options for Developing Countries
Drought Challenges: Policy Options for Developing CountriesDrought Challenges: Policy Options for Developing Countries
Drought Challenges: Policy Options for Developing Countries
 
Institutionalizing Water Accounting - Overview
Institutionalizing Water Accounting - Overview Institutionalizing Water Accounting - Overview
Institutionalizing Water Accounting - Overview
 
Water Accounting Team and Reporting Framework
 Water Accounting Team and Reporting Framework Water Accounting Team and Reporting Framework
Water Accounting Team and Reporting Framework
 

Poster: Targeted Water Quality Assessment in Small Reservoirs in Brazil, Zimbabwe, Morocco and Burkina Faso

  • 1. Targeted Water Quality Assessment in Small Reservoirs in Brazil, Zimbabwe, Morocco and Burkina Faso: water uses determine focus and methodology of water quality measurements by Eline Boelee, Lineu Rodrigues, Aidan Senzanje, Hammou Laamrani, Philippe Cecchi Background Physical and chemical parameters of water in reservoirs can be affected by natural and manmade pollutants, causing damage to the aquatic life and water quality. Small reservoirs are used for different purposes, making specific water quality parameters relevant and requiring specific methods to assess these. In 4 countries: Brazil, Zimbabwe, Morocco and Burkina Faso, small reservoirs were analyzed in different ways. Brazil – São Francisco Basin Zimbabwe – Limpopo Basin Main use of small reservoirs: irrigated agriculture Main use of small reservoirs: livestock watering, agriculture, brick Water quality concern: chemical contamination – from which origin? making, domestic, wildlife Approach: chemical analysis On-site chemical Water quality concern: organic pollution, ecosystem integrity analysis in Rio Preto Approach: questionnaire survey, plankton analysis in densely Findings: catchment, Brazil Water sampling at populated areas and national parks • Chemical contaminants were mainly of geological origins Mzingwane catchment, Zimbabwe Findings: • Nutrient inflow (fertilizer) from surrounding areas of intensive agriculture • Park reservoirs had higher variety of phytoplankton • Environmental issues • Community reservoirs had higher zooplankton abundance • Plankton may not be best indicator because of seasonal variation Morocco – Souss Massa Basin Burkina Faso – Nakambe Basin Main use of small reservoirs: domestic, livestock watering, Main use of small reservoirs: Agriculture, fisheries, agriculture, construction, wildlife livestock watering, domestic, brick making Water quality concern: organic pollution, salinity, hardness Water quality concern: toxic algal blooms Approach: participatory study, bacterial and chemical analysis Water sampling at Approach: analysis of phytoplankton and cyanobacteria Participatory mapping Findings: with farmers from Lac de Sian, Burkina Faso Findings: • Reservoir water too high levels of fecal coliform bacteria for Asgherkiss, Morocco • Cyanobacteria dominated phytoplankton human and animal consumption • High cyanotoxin levels in some reservoirs • Other sources insufficient quantities • Strong correlation between cyanobacteria, high human population densities and agricultural intensification Conclusions • Comparable findings from 4 countries • Main water uses provide good guidance for targeting water quality assessments Contact: e.boelee@cgiar.org • In absence of water quality monitoring programs, incidental measurements can help identify risk factors and potential interventions • Even in areas with low population densities, water quality is degrading • More complicated and severe water quality issues with increasing human and agricultural pressure • Water quality is threatening the ecosystem services of small reservoirs such as fisheries • Water quality management options are crucial for sustainable use of small reservoirs • Such options need to be developed for water resources planning and development as well as for communities managing their own reservoirs.