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Masterclass
Elastic Compute Cloud
Ian Massingham – Technical Evangelist
@IanMmmm
A technical deep dive beyond the basics
Help educate you on how to get the best from AWS technologies
Show you how things work and how to get things done
Broaden your knowledge in ~45 mins
Masterclass
On-demand compute to run application workloads
Easy come easy go – disposable resource
We provide the infrastructure, you decide what you run
Amazon EC2
What is EC2?
Elastic capacity Flexible
Complete control
Reliable
Inexpensive
Secure
Securely
segregated
Shared
environment
Elastic capacity
Physical Interfaces
Customer 1
Hypervisor
Customer 2 Customer n
…
…
Virtual Interfaces
Firewall
Customer 1
Security
Groups
Customer 2
Security
Groups
Customer n
Security
Groups
Securely
segregated
Shared
environment
Elastic capacity
Physical Interfaces
Customer 1
Hypervisor
Customer 2 Customer n
…
…
Virtual Interfaces
Firewall
Customer 1
Security
Groups
Customer 2
Security
Groups
Customer n
Security
Groups
AMI
Amazon Machine
Image
AMI
Amazon Machine
Image
Instance
Running or
Stopped machine
AMI
Amazon Machine
Image
Instance
Running or
Stopped machine
VPC
AMI
Amazon Machine
Image
Instance
Running or
Stopped machine
VPC
Availability Zone
Region
AMI
Amazon Machine
Image
Instance
Running or
Stopped machine
VPC
Availability Zone Availability Zone
VPC
Region
AMI
Amazon Machine
Image
Instance
Running or
Stopped machine
VPC
Availability Zone Availability Zone
EBS EBS EBS
VPC
EBS EBS EBS
Region
AMI
Amazon Machine
Image
Instance
Running or
Stopped machine
VPC
Availability Zone Availability Zone
S3
EBS EBS EBS
VPC
EBS EBS EBS
EBS
Snapshots
S3 Buckets
Region
Instance
Instance Unit of scale
Unit of resilience
Unit of control
Instance Unit of scale
Unit of resilience
Unit of control
Your stack
Instance
Instance
Instance
Instance
Unit of scale
Unit of resilience
Unit of control
Scaleout
Instance
Instance
Instance
Instance
Unit of scale
Unit of resilience
Unit of control
Instance
Instance
Instance
Instance
Unit of scale
Unit of resilience
Unit of control
Instance
Instance
Instance
Unit of scale
Unit of resilience
Unit of control
Instance
Instance
Instance
Unit of scale
Unit of resilience
Unit of control
Instance
Instance types
Choose the right unit for your workload
EC2 Compute Units
Memory(GB)
0.5
1
2
4
8
16
32
64
128
256
1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128
General Purpose
Compute Optimized
GPU Instances
Memory Optimized
Storage Optimized
t1.micro
EC2 Compute Units
Memory(GB)
0.5
1
2
4
8
16
32
64
128
256
1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128
General Purpose
Compute Optimized
GPU Instances
Memory Optimized
Storage Optimized
t1.micro
t1.micro 613 MB
Up to 2 ECUs
(for short bursts)
m1.small 1.7 GB,
1 EC2 Compute Unit
1 virtual core
m1.medium 3.7 GB,
2 EC2 Compute Units
1 virtual core
m1.large 7.5 GB
4 EC2 Compute Units
2 virtual cores
m1.xlarge 15 GB
8 EC2 Compute Units
4 virtual cores
m3.medium 3.7 GB,
3 EC2 Compute Units
1 virtual core
m3.large 7.5 GB
6.5 EC2 Compute Units
2 virtual cores
m3.xlarge 15 GB
13 EC2 Compute Units
4 virtual cores
m3.2xlarge 30 GB
26 EC2 Compute Units
8 virtual cores
EC2 Compute Units
Memory(GB)
0.5
1
2
4
8
16
32
64
128
256
1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128
General Purpose
Compute Optimized
GPU Instances
Memory Optimized
Storage Optimized
t1.micro
m2.xlarge 17.1 GB
6.5 EC2 Compute Units
2 virtual cores
m2.2xlarge 34.2 GB
13 EC2 Compute Units
4 virtual cores
m2.4xlarge 68.4 GB
26 EC2 Compute Units
8 virtual cores
cr1.8xlarge 244 GB
88 EC2 Compute Units
32 virtual cores
c1.medium 1.7 GB
5 EC2 Compute Units
2 virtual cores
c3.large 3.75 GB
7 EC2 Compute Units
2 virtual cores
C3.xlarge 7.5 GB
14 EC2 Compute Units
4 virtual cores
c1.xlarge 7 GB
20 EC2 Compute Units
8 virtual cores
C3.2xlarge 15 GB
28 EC2 Compute Units
8 virtual cores
C3.4xlarge 30GB
55 EC2 Compute Units
16 virtual cores
C3.8xlarge 60GB
108 EC2 Compute Units
32 virtual cores
Cc2.8xlarge 60.5GB
88 EC2 Compute Units
32 virtual cores
+ Storage Optimised
+ IO Optimised
+ GPU Backed
Find out more at : aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types
Start small
Easy to up-size
AMIs
Your machine images
AMIs you have created from
EC2 instances
Can be kept private or shared
with other accounts
Amazon maintained
Set of Linux and Windows
images
Kept up to date by Amazon in
each region
Community
maintained
Images published by other AWS
users
Managed and maintained by
Marketplace partners
WindowsLinux Enterprise Linux
Small instance from
$0.060 per hour
Small instance from
$0.091 per hour
AMIs
Small instance from
$0.120 per hour
Small instance from
$0.090 per hour
Find out more at : aws.amazon.com/ec2/pricing
Unix/Linux instances start at
$0.02/hour
Pay as you go for compute power
Low cost and flexibility
Pay only for what you use, no up-front
commitments or long-term contracts
Use Cases:
Applications with short term, spiky, or
unpredictable workloads;
Application development or testing
On-demand instances
Instance types
Unix/Linux instances start at
$0.02/hour
Pay as you go for compute power
Low cost and flexibility
Pay only for what you use, no up-front
commitments or long-term contracts
Use Cases:
Applications with short term, spiky, or
unpredictable workloads;
Application development or testing
On-demand instances
1- or 3-year terms
Pay low up-front fee, receive significant hourly
discount
Low Cost / Predictability
Helps ensure compute capacity is available
when needed
Use Cases:
Applications with steady state or predictable
usage
Applications that require reserved
capacity, including disaster recovery
Reserved instances
Instance types
Unix/Linux instances start at
$0.02/hour
Pay as you go for compute power
Low cost and flexibility
Pay only for what you use, no up-front
commitments or long-term contracts
Use Cases:
Applications with short term, spiky, or
unpredictable workloads;
Application development or testing
On-demand instances
1- or 3-year terms
Pay low up-front fee, receive significant hourly
discount
Low Cost / Predictability
Helps ensure compute capacity is available
when needed
Use Cases:
Applications with steady state or predictable
usage
Applications that require reserved
capacity, including disaster recovery
Reserved instances
> 80% utilization
Lower costs up to 58%
Use Cases: Databases, Large Scale
HPC, Always-on infrastructure, Baseline
Heavy utilization RIInstance types
Unix/Linux instances start at
$0.02/hour
Pay as you go for compute power
Low cost and flexibility
Pay only for what you use, no up-front
commitments or long-term contracts
Use Cases:
Applications with short term, spiky, or
unpredictable workloads;
Application development or testing
On-demand instances
1- or 3-year terms
Pay low up-front fee, receive significant hourly
discount
Low Cost / Predictability
Helps ensure compute capacity is available
when needed
Use Cases:
Applications with steady state or predictable
usage
Applications that require reserved
capacity, including disaster recovery
Reserved instances
> 80% utilization
Lower costs up to 58%
Use Cases: Databases, Large Scale
HPC, Always-on infrastructure, Baseline
Heavy utilization RI
41-79% utilization
Lower costs up to 49%
Use Cases: Web applications, many heavy
processing tasks, running much of the time
Medium utilization RI
Instance types
Unix/Linux instances start at
$0.02/hour
Pay as you go for compute power
Low cost and flexibility
Pay only for what you use, no up-front
commitments or long-term contracts
Use Cases:
Applications with short term, spiky, or
unpredictable workloads;
Application development or testing
On-demand instances
1- or 3-year terms
Pay low up-front fee, receive significant hourly
discount
Low Cost / Predictability
Helps ensure compute capacity is available
when needed
Use Cases:
Applications with steady state or predictable
usage
Applications that require reserved
capacity, including disaster recovery
Reserved instances
> 80% utilization
Lower costs up to 58%
Use Cases: Databases, Large Scale
HPC, Always-on infrastructure, Baseline
Heavy utilization RI
41-79% utilization
Lower costs up to 49%
Use Cases: Web applications, many heavy
processing tasks, running much of the time
Medium utilization RI
15-40% utilization
Lower costs up to 34%
Use Cases: Disaster Recovery, Weekly /
Monthly reporting, Elastic Map Reduce
Light utilization RI
Instance types
Unix/Linux instances start at
$0.02/hour
Pay as you go for compute power
Low cost and flexibility
Pay only for what you use, no up-front
commitments or long-term contracts
Use Cases:
Applications with short term, spiky, or
unpredictable workloads;
Application development or testing
On-demand instances
1- or 3-year terms
Pay low up-front fee, receive significant hourly
discount
Low Cost / Predictability
Helps ensure compute capacity is available
when needed
Use Cases:
Applications with steady state or predictable
usage
Applications that require reserved
capacity, including disaster recovery
Reserved instances
Bid on unused EC2 capacity
Spot Price based on
supply/demand, determined automatically
Cost / Large Scale, dynamic workload handling
Use Cases:
Applications with flexible start and end times
Applications only feasible at very low compute
prices
Spot instances
Instance types
Launch an instance
Commands, keypairs & security groups
Region
Instance size
AMI
Key pair
Security group
key pairs
secure access
Public Key
Inserted by Amazon into
each EC2 instance that you
launch
Private Key
Downloaded and stored by
you
EC2
Instance
Comms secured
with private key
x.509Keypairs Credentials
Used to authenticate
when accessing and
instance
Used to authenticate
against some APIs
Keypairs & Secrets
Access key and secret
key used to authenticate
against APIs
security groups
instance firewalling
Security
Group
instance
Port 80
(HTTP)
Port 22
(SSH)
Name
Description
Protocol
Port range
IP Address, range, or
another security group
PS C:> New-EC2Instances
-ImageId ami-269dbb63
-KeyName mykey
-SecurityGroupId sg-9cf9e5d9
-InstanceType t1.micro
aws ec2 run-instances
--image-id ami-54cf5c3d
--count 2
--security-groups webservers
--key-name mykey
--instance-type m1.small
$>
>>> import boto.ec2
>>> conn = boto.ec2.connect_to_region("us-east-1")
>>> conn.run_instances(
'ami-54cf5c3d',
key_name='mykey',
instance_type='m1.small',
security_groups=['webservers'])
Wait a minute
I want to use those tools too…
IAM Roles and EC2 tools
1. Start an EC2 Linux instance
2. Assign an IAM role at launch time:
3. Sets up all the tools you need & manages
API access credentials
1. Up and running with CLI tools in a couple
of minutes – just SSH on and use
2. Terminate/stop instance when you are
done
{
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"NotAction": "iam:*",
"Resource": "*"
}
]
}
Now you have tools
Try this…
$> aws ec2 run-instances
--image-id ami-54cf5c3d
--count 2
$>
What about all this?
aws ec2 run-instances
--image-id ami-54cf5c3d
--count 2
--security-groups webservers
--key-name mykey
--instance-type m1.small
$> aws ec2 run-instances
--image-id ami-54cf5c3d
--count 2
--security-groups Default
--key-name NONE
--instance-type default (m1.small)
Defaults
$> aws ec2 run-instances
--image-id ami-54cf5c3d
--count 2
--security-groups Default
--key-name NONE
--instance-type default (m1.small)
Instances don’t need
keypairs
But how do you configure it if you can’t
log onto it?
Bake an AMI
Start an instance
Configure the instance
Create an AMI from your
instance
Start new ones from the
AMI
Bootstrapping
Bake an AMI Configure dynamically
Start an instance
Configure the instance
Create an AMI from your
instance
Start new ones from the
AMI
Bootstrapping
Launch an instance
Use metadata service
and cloud-init to perform
actions on instance
when it launches
vs
Bake an AMI Configure dynamically
Build your base images
and setup custom
initialisation scripts
Maintain your ‘golden’
base
Bootstrapping
Use bootstrapping to
pass custom information
in and perform post
launch tasks like pulling
code from SVN
+
Bake an AMI Configure dynamically
Bootstrapping
Time consuming
configuration (startup time)
Static configurations (less
change management)
Bake an AMI Configure dynamically
Bootstrapping
Continuous deployment
(latest code)
Environment specific (dev-
test-prod)
Goal is bring an instance up in a
useful state
The balance will vary depending upon your
application
Instance
request
User
data
Instance
request
User
data
Meta-data
service
Instance
request
User
data
Instance
Meta-data
service
#!/bin/sh
yum -y install httpd php mysql php-mysql
chkconfig httpd on
/etc/init.d/httpd start
Shell script in user-data will be executed on launch:
65
Amazon Windows EC2Config Service executes user-data on
launch:
<script>dir > c:test.log</script>
<powershell>any command that you can run</powershell>
<powershell>
Read-S3Object -BucketName myS3Bucket
-Key myFolder/myFile.zip
-File c:destinationFile.zip
</powershell>
AWS Powershell Tools (use IAM roles as before…)
Why do this?
Automation
Less fingers, less mistakes
Availability
Drive higher
availability with self-
healing
Security
Instances locked
down by default
Flexible
Shell, Powershell,
CloudFormation,C
hef, Puppet, Ops
Works Scale
Manage large scale
deployments and drive
autoscaling
Efficiency
Audit and manage
your estate with less
time & effort
Do
Some does and don’ts
Use IAM roles
Go keyless if you can
Strike a balance between
AMI and dynamic
bootstrapping
Do Don’t
Some does and don’ts
Use IAM roles
Go keyless if you can
Strike a balance between
AMI and dynamic
bootstrapping
Put your API access keys
into code (and then publish
to GIT) or bake into AMIs
(and share)

Block storage
Understanding instance storage vs EBS
Instance Storage
Local ‘on host’ disk
volumes
Data dependent upon
instance lifecycle
Elastic Block StorageInstance Storage VS
Local ‘on host’ disk
volumes
Data dependent upon
instance lifecycle
Network attached optimised
block storage
Data independent of instance
lifecycle
Instance Storage
Local ‘on host’ disk
volumes
Data dependent upon
instance lifecycle
Host 1
eph0 eph1 eph2 eph3
Instance Store
Instance A
Instance B
Instance C
Host 2
eph0 eph1 eph2 eph3
Instance Store
Instance D
Instance E
Instance F
Instance Storage
Local ‘on host’ disk
volumes
Data dependent upon
instance lifecycle
If an instance reboots (intentionally or
unintentionally), data in the instance store
persists
Data on instance store volumes is lost under the
following circumstances:
• Failure of an underlying drive
• Stopping an Amazon EBS-backed instance
• Terminating an instance
Options
Differing types of
instance storage
General purpose m3.medium 1 x 4 SSD*6
Compute optimized c1.xlarge 4 x 420
General purpose m3.large 1 x 32 SSD*6
Compute optimized cc2.8xlarge 4 x 840
General purpose m3.xlarge 2 x 40 SSD*6
GPU instances g2.2xlarge 1 x 60 SSD
General purpose m3.2xlarge 2 x 80 SSD*6
GPU instances cg1.4xlarge 2 x 840
General purpose m1.small 1 x 160 Memory optimized m2.xlarge 1 x 420
General purpose m1.medium 1 x 410 Memory optimized m2.2xlarge 1 x 850
General purpose m1.large 2 x 420 Memory optimized m2.4xlarge 2 x 840
General purpose m1.xlarge 4 x 420 Memory optimized cr1.8xlarge 2 x 120 SSD
Compute optimized c3.large 2 x 16 SSD Storage optimized i2.xlarge 1 x 800 SSD
Compute optimized c3.xlarge 2 x 40 SSD Storage optimized i2.2xlarge 2 x 800 SSD
Compute optimized c3.2xlarge 2 x 80 SSD Storage optimized i2.4xlarge 4 x 800 SSD
Compute optimized c3.4xlarge 2 x 160 SSD Storage optimized i2.8xlarge 8 x 800 SSD
Compute optimized c3.8xlarge 2 x 320 SSD Storage optimized hs1.8xlarge 24 x 2,048*3
Compute optimized c1.medium 1 x 350 Storage optimized hi1.4xlarge 2 x 1,024 SSD
Instance Storage
Elastic Block Storage
Network attached optimised
block storage
Data independent of instance
lifecycle
EBSEC2
Workspace
Hypervisor
S3
EBS
snapshot
Network
One or more ephemeral
(temporary) drives
(instance storage)
One or more EBS
(persistent) drives
EBS snapshots
(backup images)
Elastic Block Storage
Network attached optimised
block storage
Data independent of instance
lifecycle
EBSEC2
Hypervisor
S3
EBS
snapshot
Boot cycle
Elastic Block Storage
Network attached optimised
block storage
Data independent of instance
lifecycle
EBSEC2
Workspace
Hypervisor
S3
EBS
snapshot
Boot cycle
Elastic Block Storage
Network attached optimised
block storage
Data independent of instance
lifecycle
EBSEC2
Workspace
Hypervisor
S3
EBS
snapshot
Boot cycle
Elastic Block Storage
Network attached optimised
block storage
Data independent of instance
lifecycle
EBSEC2
Workspace
Hypervisor
S3
Boot cycle
Network
EBS Persistence
EBS volume is off-instance storage
You pay for the volume usage as long as the data
persists
1. By default, EBS volumes that are attached to a running instance
automatically detach from the instance with their data intact when that
instance is terminated
2. By default, EBS volumes that are created and attached to an instance
at launch are deleted when that instance is terminated. You can modify
this behavior by changing the value of the flag DeleteOnTermination to
false when you launch the instance.
Elastic Load Balancer
Spreading the load and fronting EC2
A regional service
Load balance across availability zones
Availability Zone Availability Zone
Region
Availability Zone
Instance Instance Instance Instance Instance Instance
Elastic Load Balancer
Offload
SSL processing on ELB
Remove load from EC2
instances
Spread
Go small and wide
Balance resources across
AZs
Health check
Choose the right healthcheck
point
Check whole layers
Elastic Load Balancing
1. Persistent HTTP connections – enable them and ELB to
Server will be optimized
2. Never address underlying IP – always DNS name
• There’s a set behind an ELB and real clients spread
across them
• They will change as the ELB scales to keep ahead of
demand
3. If you span ELB across AZs have an instance in all Azs
4. De-register instances from an ELB before terminating
AutoScaling
Automate EC2 commissioning and
decommisioning
Describes what Auto Scaling
will create when adding
Instances
AMI
Instance Type
Security Group
Instance Key Pair
Only one active launch configuration
at a time
Auto Scaling will terminate instances
with old launch configuration first
rolling update
Auto Scaling managed grouping
of EC2 instances
Automatic health check to maintain
pool size
Automatically scale the number of
instances by policy –
Min, Max, Desired
Automatic Integration with ELB
Automatic distribution & balancing
across AZs
Parameters for performing an
Auto Scaling action
Scale Up/Down and by how much
ChangeInCapacity (+/- #)
ExactCapacity (#)
ChangeInPercent (+/- %)
Cool Down (seconds)
Policy can be triggered by
CloudWatch events
Launch Configuration Auto-Scaling Group Auto-Scaling Policy
aws autoscaling create-launch-configuration
--image-id ami-54cf5c3d
--instance-type m1.small
--key-name mykey
--security-groups webservers
--launch-configuration-name 101-launch-config
Create a launch configuration:
Create a launch configuration:
The usual
suspects
aws autoscaling create-launch-configuration
--image-id ami-54cf5c3d
--instance-type m1.small
--key-name mykey
--security-groups webservers
--launch-configuration-name 101-launch-config
aws autoscaling create-auto-scaling-group
--auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group
--availability-zones us-east-1a us-east-1b us-east-1c
--launch-configuration-name 101-launch-config
--load-balancer-names myELB
--max-size 5
--min-size 1
Create an auto scaling group:
Create an auto scaling group:
What’s going to launch
aws autoscaling create-auto-scaling-group
--auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group
--availability-zones us-east-1a us-east-1b us-east-1c
--launch-configuration-name 101-launch-config
--load-balancer-names myELB
--max-size 5
--min-size 1
Create an auto scaling group:
Integrate with an ELB?
aws autoscaling create-auto-scaling-group
--auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group
--availability-zones us-east-1a us-east-1b us-east-1c
--launch-configuration-name 101-launch-config
--load-balancer-names myELB
--max-size 5
--min-size 1
aws autoscaling put-scaling-policy
--policy-name 101ScaleUpPolicy
--auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group
--scaling-adjustment 1
--adjustment-type ChangeInCapacity
--cooldown 300
Create an auto-scaling policy (scale up):
Create an auto-scaling policy (scale up):
Period before another action will take place
(Damper)
aws autoscaling put-scaling-policy
--policy-name 101ScaleUpPolicy
--auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group
--scaling-adjustment 1
--adjustment-type ChangeInCapacity
--cooldown 300
Create an auto-scaling policy (scale down):
aws autoscaling put-scaling-policy
--policy-name 101ScaleDownPolicy
--auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group
“--scaling-adjustment=-1”
--adjustment-type ChangeInCapacity
--cooldown 300
CloudWatch
Know what is going on
CPU >= 50% for 5 mins
Takes action:Cloud Watch Alarm:
Scale up policy
CPU < 30% for 10 mins Scale down policy
CPU >= 50% for 5 mins
Takes action:Cloud Watch Alarm:
Scale up policy
CPU >= 50% for 5 mins
Takes action:Cloud Watch Alarm:
SNS Topic
CPU < 30% for 10 mins
Send Email
Post to endpoint
Deliver message to Q
CloudWatch
Comprehensive
Billing, technical, aggregate &
custom metrics
Alarms
Set custom alarms
and thresholds
SNS
Integration
Push alarms to
SNS topics
HTTP
Poke HTTP
endpoints for
custom alarm
actions
Custom Metrics
Write your own metrics in
via SDKs
Email
integration
Send alarm
notifications to
emails
Other topics to look at:
Route 53
Front EC2 and ELBs with
Route 53 for control over
DNS
Resource tagging
Tag resources like EC2
and have it appear on
billing reports
Rolling deployments
Use Route 53 and ELBs to do
rolling deployments, A/B
testing
Other topics…
OpsWorks
Manage stacks as layers
and implement Chef recipes
to automate EC2
configuration
Beanstalk
Manage an entire
autoscaling stack for
popular containers such
as ruby, python etc
CloudFormation
Template everything from
configuration of CloudWatch
alarms, SNS topics, EC2
instances
Other topics…
Summary
Stop doing these:
Provisioning and fixing servers
Treating compute as physical things
Thinking of compute as a finite commitment
and start doing these
Security
Build systems secure by
default
Elasticity
Stateless autoscaling
applications
Replace not fix
Build from scratch, don’t fix
something Unconstrained
Say goodbye to traditional
capacity planning
Be cost aware
Tag resources, play with
instance types
Automation
Create instances when
you need them, drop
them when not
aws.amazon.com
Join us and learn about the AWS
platform, new services and how to get
started.
Register for a Summit near you.
aws.amazon.com/aws-summit-2014/
San Francisco | March 26
Register now
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Register now
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Register now
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Paris | May 13
Berlin | May 15
Register now
Stockholm | May 22
Sao Paulo | May 27
Amsterdam | June 10
New York | July 10
Tokyo | July 17-18
Beijing | TBD
Seoul | September 3
Tel Aviv | September 17
Ian Massingham – Technical Evangelist
@IanMmmm
@AWS_UKI for local AWS events & news
@AWScloud for Global AWS News and Announcements
©Amazon.com, Inc. and its affiliates. All rights reserved.
AWS Training & Certification
Certification
aws.amazon.com/certification
Demonstrate your skills,
knowledge, and expertise
with the AWS platform
Self-Paced Labs
aws.amazon.com/training/
self-paced-labs
Try products, gain new
skills, and get hands-on
practice working with
AWS technologies
aws.amazon.com/training
Training
Skill up and gain
confidence to
design, develop, deploy
and manage your
applications on AWS
We typically see customers start by trying our
services
Get started now at : aws.amazon.com/getting-started
Design your application for the AWS Cloud
More details on the AWS Architecture Center at : aws.amazon.com/architecture

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Amazon EC2 MasterClass Presentation for Leeds Devops

  • 1. Masterclass Elastic Compute Cloud Ian Massingham – Technical Evangelist @IanMmmm
  • 2. A technical deep dive beyond the basics Help educate you on how to get the best from AWS technologies Show you how things work and how to get things done Broaden your knowledge in ~45 mins Masterclass
  • 3. On-demand compute to run application workloads Easy come easy go – disposable resource We provide the infrastructure, you decide what you run Amazon EC2
  • 4. What is EC2? Elastic capacity Flexible Complete control Reliable Inexpensive Secure
  • 5. Securely segregated Shared environment Elastic capacity Physical Interfaces Customer 1 Hypervisor Customer 2 Customer n … … Virtual Interfaces Firewall Customer 1 Security Groups Customer 2 Security Groups Customer n Security Groups
  • 6. Securely segregated Shared environment Elastic capacity Physical Interfaces Customer 1 Hypervisor Customer 2 Customer n … … Virtual Interfaces Firewall Customer 1 Security Groups Customer 2 Security Groups Customer n Security Groups
  • 10. AMI Amazon Machine Image Instance Running or Stopped machine VPC Availability Zone Region
  • 11. AMI Amazon Machine Image Instance Running or Stopped machine VPC Availability Zone Availability Zone VPC Region
  • 12. AMI Amazon Machine Image Instance Running or Stopped machine VPC Availability Zone Availability Zone EBS EBS EBS VPC EBS EBS EBS Region
  • 13. AMI Amazon Machine Image Instance Running or Stopped machine VPC Availability Zone Availability Zone S3 EBS EBS EBS VPC EBS EBS EBS EBS Snapshots S3 Buckets Region
  • 15. Instance Unit of scale Unit of resilience Unit of control
  • 16. Instance Unit of scale Unit of resilience Unit of control Your stack
  • 17. Instance Instance Instance Instance Unit of scale Unit of resilience Unit of control Scaleout
  • 20. Instance Instance Instance Unit of scale Unit of resilience Unit of control
  • 21. Instance Instance Instance Unit of scale Unit of resilience Unit of control Instance
  • 22. Instance types Choose the right unit for your workload
  • 23. EC2 Compute Units Memory(GB) 0.5 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 General Purpose Compute Optimized GPU Instances Memory Optimized Storage Optimized t1.micro
  • 24. EC2 Compute Units Memory(GB) 0.5 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 General Purpose Compute Optimized GPU Instances Memory Optimized Storage Optimized t1.micro t1.micro 613 MB Up to 2 ECUs (for short bursts) m1.small 1.7 GB, 1 EC2 Compute Unit 1 virtual core m1.medium 3.7 GB, 2 EC2 Compute Units 1 virtual core m1.large 7.5 GB 4 EC2 Compute Units 2 virtual cores m1.xlarge 15 GB 8 EC2 Compute Units 4 virtual cores m3.medium 3.7 GB, 3 EC2 Compute Units 1 virtual core m3.large 7.5 GB 6.5 EC2 Compute Units 2 virtual cores m3.xlarge 15 GB 13 EC2 Compute Units 4 virtual cores m3.2xlarge 30 GB 26 EC2 Compute Units 8 virtual cores
  • 25. EC2 Compute Units Memory(GB) 0.5 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 General Purpose Compute Optimized GPU Instances Memory Optimized Storage Optimized t1.micro m2.xlarge 17.1 GB 6.5 EC2 Compute Units 2 virtual cores m2.2xlarge 34.2 GB 13 EC2 Compute Units 4 virtual cores m2.4xlarge 68.4 GB 26 EC2 Compute Units 8 virtual cores cr1.8xlarge 244 GB 88 EC2 Compute Units 32 virtual cores c1.medium 1.7 GB 5 EC2 Compute Units 2 virtual cores c3.large 3.75 GB 7 EC2 Compute Units 2 virtual cores C3.xlarge 7.5 GB 14 EC2 Compute Units 4 virtual cores c1.xlarge 7 GB 20 EC2 Compute Units 8 virtual cores C3.2xlarge 15 GB 28 EC2 Compute Units 8 virtual cores C3.4xlarge 30GB 55 EC2 Compute Units 16 virtual cores C3.8xlarge 60GB 108 EC2 Compute Units 32 virtual cores Cc2.8xlarge 60.5GB 88 EC2 Compute Units 32 virtual cores
  • 26. + Storage Optimised + IO Optimised + GPU Backed Find out more at : aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types
  • 28. AMIs Your machine images AMIs you have created from EC2 instances Can be kept private or shared with other accounts Amazon maintained Set of Linux and Windows images Kept up to date by Amazon in each region Community maintained Images published by other AWS users Managed and maintained by Marketplace partners
  • 29. WindowsLinux Enterprise Linux Small instance from $0.060 per hour Small instance from $0.091 per hour AMIs Small instance from $0.120 per hour Small instance from $0.090 per hour Find out more at : aws.amazon.com/ec2/pricing
  • 30. Unix/Linux instances start at $0.02/hour Pay as you go for compute power Low cost and flexibility Pay only for what you use, no up-front commitments or long-term contracts Use Cases: Applications with short term, spiky, or unpredictable workloads; Application development or testing On-demand instances Instance types
  • 31. Unix/Linux instances start at $0.02/hour Pay as you go for compute power Low cost and flexibility Pay only for what you use, no up-front commitments or long-term contracts Use Cases: Applications with short term, spiky, or unpredictable workloads; Application development or testing On-demand instances 1- or 3-year terms Pay low up-front fee, receive significant hourly discount Low Cost / Predictability Helps ensure compute capacity is available when needed Use Cases: Applications with steady state or predictable usage Applications that require reserved capacity, including disaster recovery Reserved instances Instance types
  • 32. Unix/Linux instances start at $0.02/hour Pay as you go for compute power Low cost and flexibility Pay only for what you use, no up-front commitments or long-term contracts Use Cases: Applications with short term, spiky, or unpredictable workloads; Application development or testing On-demand instances 1- or 3-year terms Pay low up-front fee, receive significant hourly discount Low Cost / Predictability Helps ensure compute capacity is available when needed Use Cases: Applications with steady state or predictable usage Applications that require reserved capacity, including disaster recovery Reserved instances > 80% utilization Lower costs up to 58% Use Cases: Databases, Large Scale HPC, Always-on infrastructure, Baseline Heavy utilization RIInstance types
  • 33. Unix/Linux instances start at $0.02/hour Pay as you go for compute power Low cost and flexibility Pay only for what you use, no up-front commitments or long-term contracts Use Cases: Applications with short term, spiky, or unpredictable workloads; Application development or testing On-demand instances 1- or 3-year terms Pay low up-front fee, receive significant hourly discount Low Cost / Predictability Helps ensure compute capacity is available when needed Use Cases: Applications with steady state or predictable usage Applications that require reserved capacity, including disaster recovery Reserved instances > 80% utilization Lower costs up to 58% Use Cases: Databases, Large Scale HPC, Always-on infrastructure, Baseline Heavy utilization RI 41-79% utilization Lower costs up to 49% Use Cases: Web applications, many heavy processing tasks, running much of the time Medium utilization RI Instance types
  • 34. Unix/Linux instances start at $0.02/hour Pay as you go for compute power Low cost and flexibility Pay only for what you use, no up-front commitments or long-term contracts Use Cases: Applications with short term, spiky, or unpredictable workloads; Application development or testing On-demand instances 1- or 3-year terms Pay low up-front fee, receive significant hourly discount Low Cost / Predictability Helps ensure compute capacity is available when needed Use Cases: Applications with steady state or predictable usage Applications that require reserved capacity, including disaster recovery Reserved instances > 80% utilization Lower costs up to 58% Use Cases: Databases, Large Scale HPC, Always-on infrastructure, Baseline Heavy utilization RI 41-79% utilization Lower costs up to 49% Use Cases: Web applications, many heavy processing tasks, running much of the time Medium utilization RI 15-40% utilization Lower costs up to 34% Use Cases: Disaster Recovery, Weekly / Monthly reporting, Elastic Map Reduce Light utilization RI Instance types
  • 35. Unix/Linux instances start at $0.02/hour Pay as you go for compute power Low cost and flexibility Pay only for what you use, no up-front commitments or long-term contracts Use Cases: Applications with short term, spiky, or unpredictable workloads; Application development or testing On-demand instances 1- or 3-year terms Pay low up-front fee, receive significant hourly discount Low Cost / Predictability Helps ensure compute capacity is available when needed Use Cases: Applications with steady state or predictable usage Applications that require reserved capacity, including disaster recovery Reserved instances Bid on unused EC2 capacity Spot Price based on supply/demand, determined automatically Cost / Large Scale, dynamic workload handling Use Cases: Applications with flexible start and end times Applications only feasible at very low compute prices Spot instances Instance types
  • 36. Launch an instance Commands, keypairs & security groups
  • 37.
  • 40. Public Key Inserted by Amazon into each EC2 instance that you launch Private Key Downloaded and stored by you EC2 Instance Comms secured with private key
  • 41. x.509Keypairs Credentials Used to authenticate when accessing and instance Used to authenticate against some APIs Keypairs & Secrets Access key and secret key used to authenticate against APIs
  • 44. PS C:> New-EC2Instances -ImageId ami-269dbb63 -KeyName mykey -SecurityGroupId sg-9cf9e5d9 -InstanceType t1.micro
  • 45. aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-54cf5c3d --count 2 --security-groups webservers --key-name mykey --instance-type m1.small $>
  • 46. >>> import boto.ec2 >>> conn = boto.ec2.connect_to_region("us-east-1") >>> conn.run_instances( 'ami-54cf5c3d', key_name='mykey', instance_type='m1.small', security_groups=['webservers'])
  • 47. Wait a minute I want to use those tools too…
  • 48. IAM Roles and EC2 tools 1. Start an EC2 Linux instance 2. Assign an IAM role at launch time: 3. Sets up all the tools you need & manages API access credentials 1. Up and running with CLI tools in a couple of minutes – just SSH on and use 2. Terminate/stop instance when you are done { "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "NotAction": "iam:*", "Resource": "*" } ] }
  • 49. Now you have tools Try this…
  • 50. $> aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-54cf5c3d --count 2
  • 51. $> What about all this? aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-54cf5c3d --count 2 --security-groups webservers --key-name mykey --instance-type m1.small
  • 52. $> aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-54cf5c3d --count 2 --security-groups Default --key-name NONE --instance-type default (m1.small) Defaults
  • 53. $> aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-54cf5c3d --count 2 --security-groups Default --key-name NONE --instance-type default (m1.small)
  • 54. Instances don’t need keypairs But how do you configure it if you can’t log onto it?
  • 55. Bake an AMI Start an instance Configure the instance Create an AMI from your instance Start new ones from the AMI Bootstrapping
  • 56. Bake an AMI Configure dynamically Start an instance Configure the instance Create an AMI from your instance Start new ones from the AMI Bootstrapping Launch an instance Use metadata service and cloud-init to perform actions on instance when it launches vs
  • 57. Bake an AMI Configure dynamically Build your base images and setup custom initialisation scripts Maintain your ‘golden’ base Bootstrapping Use bootstrapping to pass custom information in and perform post launch tasks like pulling code from SVN +
  • 58. Bake an AMI Configure dynamically Bootstrapping Time consuming configuration (startup time) Static configurations (less change management)
  • 59. Bake an AMI Configure dynamically Bootstrapping Continuous deployment (latest code) Environment specific (dev- test-prod)
  • 60. Goal is bring an instance up in a useful state The balance will vary depending upon your application
  • 64. #!/bin/sh yum -y install httpd php mysql php-mysql chkconfig httpd on /etc/init.d/httpd start Shell script in user-data will be executed on launch:
  • 65. 65 Amazon Windows EC2Config Service executes user-data on launch: <script>dir > c:test.log</script> <powershell>any command that you can run</powershell> <powershell> Read-S3Object -BucketName myS3Bucket -Key myFolder/myFile.zip -File c:destinationFile.zip </powershell> AWS Powershell Tools (use IAM roles as before…)
  • 66. Why do this? Automation Less fingers, less mistakes Availability Drive higher availability with self- healing Security Instances locked down by default Flexible Shell, Powershell, CloudFormation,C hef, Puppet, Ops Works Scale Manage large scale deployments and drive autoscaling Efficiency Audit and manage your estate with less time & effort
  • 67. Do Some does and don’ts Use IAM roles Go keyless if you can Strike a balance between AMI and dynamic bootstrapping
  • 68. Do Don’t Some does and don’ts Use IAM roles Go keyless if you can Strike a balance between AMI and dynamic bootstrapping Put your API access keys into code (and then publish to GIT) or bake into AMIs (and share) 
  • 70. Instance Storage Local ‘on host’ disk volumes Data dependent upon instance lifecycle
  • 71. Elastic Block StorageInstance Storage VS Local ‘on host’ disk volumes Data dependent upon instance lifecycle Network attached optimised block storage Data independent of instance lifecycle
  • 72. Instance Storage Local ‘on host’ disk volumes Data dependent upon instance lifecycle Host 1 eph0 eph1 eph2 eph3 Instance Store Instance A Instance B Instance C Host 2 eph0 eph1 eph2 eph3 Instance Store Instance D Instance E Instance F
  • 73. Instance Storage Local ‘on host’ disk volumes Data dependent upon instance lifecycle If an instance reboots (intentionally or unintentionally), data in the instance store persists Data on instance store volumes is lost under the following circumstances: • Failure of an underlying drive • Stopping an Amazon EBS-backed instance • Terminating an instance
  • 74. Options Differing types of instance storage General purpose m3.medium 1 x 4 SSD*6 Compute optimized c1.xlarge 4 x 420 General purpose m3.large 1 x 32 SSD*6 Compute optimized cc2.8xlarge 4 x 840 General purpose m3.xlarge 2 x 40 SSD*6 GPU instances g2.2xlarge 1 x 60 SSD General purpose m3.2xlarge 2 x 80 SSD*6 GPU instances cg1.4xlarge 2 x 840 General purpose m1.small 1 x 160 Memory optimized m2.xlarge 1 x 420 General purpose m1.medium 1 x 410 Memory optimized m2.2xlarge 1 x 850 General purpose m1.large 2 x 420 Memory optimized m2.4xlarge 2 x 840 General purpose m1.xlarge 4 x 420 Memory optimized cr1.8xlarge 2 x 120 SSD Compute optimized c3.large 2 x 16 SSD Storage optimized i2.xlarge 1 x 800 SSD Compute optimized c3.xlarge 2 x 40 SSD Storage optimized i2.2xlarge 2 x 800 SSD Compute optimized c3.2xlarge 2 x 80 SSD Storage optimized i2.4xlarge 4 x 800 SSD Compute optimized c3.4xlarge 2 x 160 SSD Storage optimized i2.8xlarge 8 x 800 SSD Compute optimized c3.8xlarge 2 x 320 SSD Storage optimized hs1.8xlarge 24 x 2,048*3 Compute optimized c1.medium 1 x 350 Storage optimized hi1.4xlarge 2 x 1,024 SSD Instance Storage
  • 75. Elastic Block Storage Network attached optimised block storage Data independent of instance lifecycle EBSEC2 Workspace Hypervisor S3 EBS snapshot Network One or more ephemeral (temporary) drives (instance storage) One or more EBS (persistent) drives EBS snapshots (backup images)
  • 76. Elastic Block Storage Network attached optimised block storage Data independent of instance lifecycle EBSEC2 Hypervisor S3 EBS snapshot Boot cycle
  • 77. Elastic Block Storage Network attached optimised block storage Data independent of instance lifecycle EBSEC2 Workspace Hypervisor S3 EBS snapshot Boot cycle
  • 78. Elastic Block Storage Network attached optimised block storage Data independent of instance lifecycle EBSEC2 Workspace Hypervisor S3 EBS snapshot Boot cycle
  • 79. Elastic Block Storage Network attached optimised block storage Data independent of instance lifecycle EBSEC2 Workspace Hypervisor S3 Boot cycle Network
  • 80. EBS Persistence EBS volume is off-instance storage You pay for the volume usage as long as the data persists 1. By default, EBS volumes that are attached to a running instance automatically detach from the instance with their data intact when that instance is terminated 2. By default, EBS volumes that are created and attached to an instance at launch are deleted when that instance is terminated. You can modify this behavior by changing the value of the flag DeleteOnTermination to false when you launch the instance.
  • 81. Elastic Load Balancer Spreading the load and fronting EC2
  • 82. A regional service Load balance across availability zones
  • 83. Availability Zone Availability Zone Region Availability Zone Instance Instance Instance Instance Instance Instance Elastic Load Balancer
  • 84. Offload SSL processing on ELB Remove load from EC2 instances Spread Go small and wide Balance resources across AZs Health check Choose the right healthcheck point Check whole layers Elastic Load Balancing
  • 85. 1. Persistent HTTP connections – enable them and ELB to Server will be optimized 2. Never address underlying IP – always DNS name • There’s a set behind an ELB and real clients spread across them • They will change as the ELB scales to keep ahead of demand 3. If you span ELB across AZs have an instance in all Azs 4. De-register instances from an ELB before terminating
  • 86.
  • 88. Describes what Auto Scaling will create when adding Instances AMI Instance Type Security Group Instance Key Pair Only one active launch configuration at a time Auto Scaling will terminate instances with old launch configuration first rolling update Auto Scaling managed grouping of EC2 instances Automatic health check to maintain pool size Automatically scale the number of instances by policy – Min, Max, Desired Automatic Integration with ELB Automatic distribution & balancing across AZs Parameters for performing an Auto Scaling action Scale Up/Down and by how much ChangeInCapacity (+/- #) ExactCapacity (#) ChangeInPercent (+/- %) Cool Down (seconds) Policy can be triggered by CloudWatch events Launch Configuration Auto-Scaling Group Auto-Scaling Policy
  • 89. aws autoscaling create-launch-configuration --image-id ami-54cf5c3d --instance-type m1.small --key-name mykey --security-groups webservers --launch-configuration-name 101-launch-config Create a launch configuration:
  • 90. Create a launch configuration: The usual suspects aws autoscaling create-launch-configuration --image-id ami-54cf5c3d --instance-type m1.small --key-name mykey --security-groups webservers --launch-configuration-name 101-launch-config
  • 91. aws autoscaling create-auto-scaling-group --auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group --availability-zones us-east-1a us-east-1b us-east-1c --launch-configuration-name 101-launch-config --load-balancer-names myELB --max-size 5 --min-size 1 Create an auto scaling group:
  • 92. Create an auto scaling group: What’s going to launch aws autoscaling create-auto-scaling-group --auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group --availability-zones us-east-1a us-east-1b us-east-1c --launch-configuration-name 101-launch-config --load-balancer-names myELB --max-size 5 --min-size 1
  • 93. Create an auto scaling group: Integrate with an ELB? aws autoscaling create-auto-scaling-group --auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group --availability-zones us-east-1a us-east-1b us-east-1c --launch-configuration-name 101-launch-config --load-balancer-names myELB --max-size 5 --min-size 1
  • 94. aws autoscaling put-scaling-policy --policy-name 101ScaleUpPolicy --auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group --scaling-adjustment 1 --adjustment-type ChangeInCapacity --cooldown 300 Create an auto-scaling policy (scale up):
  • 95. Create an auto-scaling policy (scale up): Period before another action will take place (Damper) aws autoscaling put-scaling-policy --policy-name 101ScaleUpPolicy --auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group --scaling-adjustment 1 --adjustment-type ChangeInCapacity --cooldown 300
  • 96. Create an auto-scaling policy (scale down): aws autoscaling put-scaling-policy --policy-name 101ScaleDownPolicy --auto-scaling-group-name 101-as-group “--scaling-adjustment=-1” --adjustment-type ChangeInCapacity --cooldown 300
  • 97.
  • 99.
  • 100.
  • 101. CPU >= 50% for 5 mins Takes action:Cloud Watch Alarm: Scale up policy CPU < 30% for 10 mins Scale down policy
  • 102. CPU >= 50% for 5 mins Takes action:Cloud Watch Alarm: Scale up policy
  • 103.
  • 104. CPU >= 50% for 5 mins Takes action:Cloud Watch Alarm: SNS Topic CPU < 30% for 10 mins Send Email Post to endpoint Deliver message to Q
  • 105. CloudWatch Comprehensive Billing, technical, aggregate & custom metrics Alarms Set custom alarms and thresholds SNS Integration Push alarms to SNS topics HTTP Poke HTTP endpoints for custom alarm actions Custom Metrics Write your own metrics in via SDKs Email integration Send alarm notifications to emails
  • 106. Other topics to look at:
  • 107. Route 53 Front EC2 and ELBs with Route 53 for control over DNS Resource tagging Tag resources like EC2 and have it appear on billing reports Rolling deployments Use Route 53 and ELBs to do rolling deployments, A/B testing Other topics…
  • 108. OpsWorks Manage stacks as layers and implement Chef recipes to automate EC2 configuration Beanstalk Manage an entire autoscaling stack for popular containers such as ruby, python etc CloudFormation Template everything from configuration of CloudWatch alarms, SNS topics, EC2 instances Other topics…
  • 110. Stop doing these: Provisioning and fixing servers Treating compute as physical things Thinking of compute as a finite commitment
  • 111. and start doing these Security Build systems secure by default Elasticity Stateless autoscaling applications Replace not fix Build from scratch, don’t fix something Unconstrained Say goodbye to traditional capacity planning Be cost aware Tag resources, play with instance types Automation Create instances when you need them, drop them when not
  • 113. Join us and learn about the AWS platform, new services and how to get started. Register for a Summit near you. aws.amazon.com/aws-summit-2014/ San Francisco | March 26 Register now Sydney | April 9 Register now London | April 30 Register now Auckland | May 7 Paris | May 13 Berlin | May 15 Register now Stockholm | May 22 Sao Paulo | May 27 Amsterdam | June 10 New York | July 10 Tokyo | July 17-18 Beijing | TBD Seoul | September 3 Tel Aviv | September 17
  • 114. Ian Massingham – Technical Evangelist @IanMmmm @AWS_UKI for local AWS events & news @AWScloud for Global AWS News and Announcements ©Amazon.com, Inc. and its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 115. AWS Training & Certification Certification aws.amazon.com/certification Demonstrate your skills, knowledge, and expertise with the AWS platform Self-Paced Labs aws.amazon.com/training/ self-paced-labs Try products, gain new skills, and get hands-on practice working with AWS technologies aws.amazon.com/training Training Skill up and gain confidence to design, develop, deploy and manage your applications on AWS
  • 116. We typically see customers start by trying our services Get started now at : aws.amazon.com/getting-started
  • 117. Design your application for the AWS Cloud More details on the AWS Architecture Center at : aws.amazon.com/architecture

Notas del editor

  1. 45 minutes is not a lot of time to cover EC2, so if there’s anything we don’t cover that you would like to know more about, then ask a question and we will get back to you with the answer, or point you to some resources that can help you learn more.
  2. You have complete root or administrator control over your stackYou can grow from 1 to many thousands of servers on demandSecurity is a priority for AWS and is built into the stackIt’s very inexpensive to start with small instances and you can scale up very easily if you need to
  3. Every customer is securely segregated and we go to great lengths to ensure that customers are isolated from one another – including external audit
  4. An AMI is a golden master of a virtual machine.
  5. An instance is a running or stopped virtual machine that has been created from an AMI
  6. The VPC gives you control over networking constructs such as addressing, but we are not going to cover this in detail today.
  7. Each availability zone within a region is an independent failure domain with a region
  8. You can launch your instances in multiple availability zones and distribute your applications across these multiple failure domains to achieve high levels of availability for your applications.
  9. Within an availability zone we have something called Elastic Block Store. This is a disk drive that underpins your EC2 instances and we will drill down into this later in this webinar. These EBS volumes are redundant within an availability zone.
  10. S3, our simple storage service, provides a capability to reliably store snapshots of your EBS disk drives within your region and recall these should you need them.
  11. The instance should be considered your unit of control, your unit of scale and your unit of resilience.
  12. You can bundle your stack into an instance and make this your unit of control. Determining later the region that you will run this in, the size and type of instance that you will run it on and when you will chose to destroy your instance. §
  13. You can scale out very easily in EC2. You can also play with cost dynamics, using a large fleet of smaller instances, which can both reduce your costs and improve your resilience
  14. As you spread your workload out
  15. The core things that you need to know when launching an instance are here:Where you want to launch it, such as EU WestThe instance size that you wish to launch, such as the m1.smallThe Amazon Machine Image that you are going to launch from, one of ours or one of yoursKey pair – authentication for a human to log onSecurity group - Firewalling around an instance to control trafficThe last two are important for securing your instance, so let’s look at these in some more detail.
  16. Here’s how the boot cycle works for your EC2 instanceFirst we will identify or start the hypervisor workspace for the instance that we are going to create
  17. Next we attach the instance storage to that workspace, which provides the ephemeral storage that we talked about earlier
  18. Then we create a device for the boot volume from an AMI that is stored in S3
  19. Lastly we connect this new volume to your instance and start the instance, booting it from this newly created volume
  20. Thinking about the EBS persistence cycle, you only pay for a volume for the length of time that it persists in your account.You need to be aware of these two default lifecycles, and the fact that you can change the default for volumes that are created at instance launch in order to make them persist.
  21. You have the optionsubsystento define a custom health check.
  22. Speaker Notes:We have several programs available to help you deepen your knowledge and proficiency with AWS. We encourage you to check out the following resources:Get hands-on experience testing products and gaining practical experience working with AWS technologies by taking an AWS Self-Paced Lab at run.qwiklab.com. Available anywhere, anytime, you have freedom to take self-paced labs on-demand and learn at your own pace. AWS self-paced labs were designed by AWS subject matter experts and provide an opportunity to use the AWS console in a variety of pre-designed scenarios and common use cases, giving you hands-on practice in a live AWS environment to help you gain confidence working with AWS. You have flexibility to choose from topics and products about which you want to learn more.Take an instructor-led AWS Training course. We have a variety of role-based courses to meet the requirements of your job role and business need, whether you’re a Solutions Architect, Developer, SysOps Administrator, or just interested in learning AWS fundamentals.AWS Certification validates your skills, knowledge an expertise in working with AWS services. Earning certification enables you to gain visibility and credibility for your skills.
  23. 750 hours for EC2 per month, for Linux and Windows, 5Gb for S3, and 30Gb for EBS
  24. If you already have a project in mind then you may just want to start by designing the application.