This is one of the presentations at the 1st day of "Technical Exchange on Jurisdictional REDD". See more at: http://www.idesam.org.br/technical-exchange-on-jurisdictional-redd-presentations/

1. Introduction to Jurisdictional and Nested REDD+
(JNR)
South-South Jurisdictional and Nested REDD+ (JNR)
Exchange Workshop
Manaus, Brazil
13 June 2013
Naomi Swickard, VCSA13 Jun 2013

2. Outline
• VCS Overview
• Need for Jurisdictional and Nested REDD+ (JNR)
• Development of VCS JNR Framework
• JNR Overview
• Piloting the JNR

3. The Verified Carbon Standard (VCS)
• Established by leading NGOs (IETA, WBCSD, The Climate Group,
WEF) to provide a rigorous, trustworthy and innovative global
standard and validation and verification program for GHG offsets.
• Managed by the VCS Association:
 Non-profit headquartered in Washington, DC, South America
office in Santiago, Chile, representatives in Brazil, Bangkok
and Beijing
 Single focus – to develop and manage the platform (i.e., no
consulting, no meth development, no validation/verification, no
project development)
 Funded through VCU levy (USD $0.10 per VCU) and
foundation grants
• AFOLU Steering Committee largely credited with bringing land-
based activities into the carbon market

4. VCS Project Statistics
• Registered projects (data from 31 April 13)
• ~1,000 registered projects (70+ AFOLU projects)
• Registered AFOLU projects in Indonesia (11), Malaysia, Laos,
Cambodia, India, Colombia, Guatemala, Belize, Peru, Brazil,
Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Australia, Canada, US and more
• Volumes
• Over 120 million VCUs issued (8.8 million+ from AFOLU)
• AFOLU pooled buffer account holds nearly 3 million buffer
credits
• AFOLU Methodologies
• ~ 15 AFOLU methodologies approved for REDD, IFM, WRC,
ALM, under development in ACoGS

5. Scaling up from project to jurisdiction-wide
approaches
Providing new guidance for robust REDD+
accounting at multiple scales
1. Need for Jurisdictional and Nested REDD+

6. Problematic Situation
• Uncertainty of future international REDD+ climate
policy exacerbated by a lack of confidence in how
REDD+ accounting can work effectively under
market and/or results-based mechanisms
• Lack of guidance on how a government can
robustly and transparently account for and verify
emission reductions/removals generated throughout
a jurisdiction
• Gap between REDD+ project activities and REDD+
policies and programs directed by governments. No
guidelines as to how the two levels can be
effectively integrated

7. Why Jurisdictional and Nested REDD+?
• Increases scale and ensures alignment between national/
subnational:
 Sub-national and national accounting ensures environmental
integrity, full leakage accounting, and ensures emission reductions
‘add up’ across the entire jurisdiction
 Can drive REDD+ through policy, program and project incentives
 Increases emissions reduction potential, with potential for
harmonized market and public funding streams.
 Ensures fungibility of credits across sectors and scales – majority
of international REDD+ projects are already using VCS
• Builds on sub-national and project experience and provides
pathway for recognition of ‘early action’
• Recognizes site-specific mitigation action and directs benefits
accordingly
• May increase funding availability for REDD+ implementation

8. VCS Jurisdictional & Nested REDD+ (JNR)
• JNR provides a robust framework for accounting
of jurisdictional REDD+ emissions and
reductions
 Allows for significant flexibility to facilitate use by a
variety of jurisdictions; allowing customization while
maintaining robust accounting
 Enables rewarding/crediting of REDD+ programs
at multiple levels (project, state/province and national)
 First global framework for rewarding/crediting
jurisdictional REDD+ programs
 Where appropriate, creates a pathway for projects to
“nest” within larger scale jurisdictional programs (both
sub-national and national)

9. 2. Development of VCS JNR

10. JNR Process
 Q1 2011: Advisory (AC) and Technical Expert (TE) Committees
convened
 Oct 2011: Technical Recommendations released
 Nov-Jan 2012: Review by AC, TE and Peer group, and revision of
recommendations
 Feb 2012: Updated Technical Recommendations released, based
on peer review and other input
 Mar-May 2012: Additional input from AC, TE and pilot jurisdictions
and organizations (including Acre, Amazonas, DRC, Laos, Peru;
NGOs CI, TNC, FFI; GIZ and WB), VCS requirements drafted
 May 2012: Draft VCS requirements issued for public consultation
 June-Aug 2012: Revisions based on public consultation, AFOLU
Steering Committee review, Final revisions
 Oct 2012: Release of final requirements
 2013 Second Phase: Piloting
 Generously funded by CLUA

11. JNR Advisory Committee
 Linda Adams, Climate Action Reserve Chair, USA
 Dr. Girma Amente, Director General, Oromia Forest and Wildlife Enterprise,
Ethiopia
 Benoit Bosquet and Ken Andrasko, Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF)
 Alejandro Callejas Linares, Deputy Environment Secretary, Chiapas, Mexico
 Marco Chiu, Undersecretary of Climate Change, Ministry of Environment, Ecuador
 Mariano Colini Cenamo, Executive Director, Institute for Conservation and
Sustainable Development of Amazonas (IDESAM), Brazil
 Dr. Mark Dangerfield, Technical Director, GreenCollar Climate Solutions, Australia
 Christian Del Valle, Director - Environmental Markets & Forestry, BNP Paribas, UK
 Joanna Durbin, Director, Climate, Community & Biodiversity Alliance, USA
 Adam Diamant, Senior Project Manager, Global Climate Change Program, Electric
Power Research Institute (EPRI), USA
 José Carlos Fernandez, Head of International Affairs and Financial Development
Unit, National Forestry Commission, Mexico
 Greg Fishbein, Managing Director, Forest Carbon, The Nature Conservancy, USA

12. JNR Advisory Committee, continued
 Andrea García-Guerrero, Chief of Climate Change Mitigation Group, Ministry of
Environment, Colombia
 Tobias Garritt, Advisory Board Member, Papua Low Carbon Development Task
Force & CEO, Emerald Planet, Indonesia
 Nicolas Grondard, Project Officer, ONF International, France
 Bruno Guay, Technical Advisor, National REDD Coordination of the DRC, UNDP
/United Nations REDD program (UN-REDD), Democratic Republic of the Congo
 Jeffrey Hayward, Director, Climate Program, Rainforest Alliance, USA
 Rezal Kusumaatmadja, Partner, Starling Resources, Indonesia
 Monica Julissa De Los Rios, Commissioned Charge at the Institute of Regulation,
Control and Registration, Acre State Government, Brazil
 Ludovino Lopes, Partner, Ludovino Lopes Lawyers, Brazil
 Dr. Lucio Pedroni, President and Chief Executive Officer, Carbon Decisions
International, Costa Rica
 Lucia Ruiz, Executive Director, CIMA Cordillera Azul, Peru
 Dr. D. Andrew Wardell, Programme Director, Forests and Governance, Center for
International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Indonesia

13. JNR Technical Committee
• Technical Leaders
 Dr. Timothy Pearson, Program Officer II, Ecosystem Services, Winrock International
 Dr. Steven De Gryze, Managing Director, Carbon Analytics, Terra Global Capital, LLC
 Manuel Estrada, Independent Consultant
 Adam Gibbon, Technical Specialist, Climate Program, Rainforest Alliance
• Technical Experts
 William Garrett, Principal Consultant, Camco
 Dil Raj Khanal, Policy Facilitator, The Federation of Community Forestry Users, Nepal
 Dr. Ruben Lubowski, Senior Economist, Environmental Defense Fund
 Dr. Marcelo Rocha, Founder and Partner, Fabrica Ethica Brasil - Sustainability
Consultancy
 Zoe Ryan, Forest Carbon Specialist, Fauna & Flora International
 David Shoch, M.F., Director of Forestry and Technical Services, TerraCarbon LLC
 Joanna Silver, Vice President, Environmental Market Product Design & Development,
Markit Group Limited
 Dr. Gordon Smith, Carbon Development Director, Wildlife Works Carbon LLC
 Georgina Varley, Manager, Macquarie Global Investments, Macquarie Bank
 Dr. Sarah Walker, Program Officer II, REDD+ Specialist, Winrock International
January 23 2013

14. Scenarios
Jurisdictional Accounting Framework
Comparison to Other Efforts
3. JNR Overview

15. JNR Scenarios

16. JNR Framework
• Based on IPCC and best practice
• Requirements cover technical issues such as:
 Defining boundaries (geographic and program boundaries)
 Developing and nesting baselines (inc. scope, pools, additionality,
updating)
 ‘Grandparenting’ (providing time for projects and lower-level
jurisdictions to transition into national/sub-national programs)
 Leakage
 Monitoring
 Payments/Crediting (inc. timing, preventing double counting)
 Reversals and natural disturbance (inc. crediting implications in
nesting)
• Requirements also cover other issues such as:
 Legal issues (right of use)
 Safeguards
 Approvals (eg, by higher jurisdictional levels)

17. Accessing Multiple Sources of Finance
• Attract new public and private finance to support REDD+ at
multiple scales
• Potential to access multiple sources of public and private
financing and sources of demand, using a harmonized
accounting system:
 Emerging compliance markets (eg, CA)
 Potential recognition by bilateral and multilateral pay for
performance initiatives – Forest Carbon Partnership Facility
(FCPF), Japanese Bilateral Offset Crediting Mechanism,
etc.
 Access to private financing, public-private partnerships,
emerging private funds
 Link to other non- carbon revenues

18. Current pilots and expected outcomes
Forthcoming VCS documents and tools
4. Piloting the JNR

19. JNR Piloting
• Provide support to interested pilot jurisdictions in Latin America,
Africa and Asia
• Funding from Norway and GIZ to pilot in Acre and Amazonas,
Brazil; Costa Rica (national); DRC (subnational); Peru
(subnational), additional pilots in Chile (national), Laos
(subnational); many more in initial or exploratory phases
• Process:
• Gap assessment (detailed) and feasibility
• Based on above, work plan will be developed to guide
implementation of REDD+ program in line with JNR
• Goal of registration of baseline, and in some cases REDD+ program
including verification and issuance of credits (depending on needs)
• Will continue engaging on demand side with a number of emerging
pre-compliance and compliance markets

20. Anticipated Piloting Outcomes
• Improve “readiness” of countries to participate in a
UNFCCC REDD+ results-based framework.
• Better understand the potential technical and capacity
gaps for carbon accounting.
• Identify and harmonize common pathways between
pilots.
• Generate lessons learned to improve the JNR
Requirements and inform a future UNFCCC framework.
• Build confidence in REDD+ for policy makers, donors
and investors.

21. Additional JNR documentation forthcoming
• The following additional VCS documents, templates and
tools are still under development:
 Registration and Issuance process
 Validation/verification process for jurisdictional programs
 Jurisdictional Program Description (JPD)
 Jurisdictional representations
 Tools:
 Jurisdictional non-permanence risk tool
 Jurisdictional leakage tool
• Tools are being developed by working groups
• Timeline: Release additional documents and tools for
public consultation in 2013
• Future work: Guidance document, based on lessons
learned from pilot activities, and revisions/updates to JNR
Requirements

22. Thank you…Questions?
Naomi Swickard
AFOLU Manager
VCS Association
nswickard@v-c-s.org