Ellis Sada talks about distributed digital preservation: a common playground for publishers and libraries

1. Distributed Digital Preservation
A common playground for publishers and libraries
Sistema bibliotecario d’Ateneo

2. Library Mission
How this function has been performed in the past?
 Is always to give
access to knowledge
and preserving their
collections
VIDEO
 At present time and for
the future
Libraries have existed for millennia have accompanied mankind in
times of growth and splendor as well as in times of crisis.

3. Library Mission
• PLAYING AN IMPORTANT ROLE: LEGAL DEPOSIT
 Library of Congress
 National Libraries
 Library of Alexandria
 Vatican Library
VIDEO
• SEEKING TO BUILD A COLLECTION PRESERVING VAST
CULTURAL HERITAGE
 Europeana
 Internet Archive
• IN ITALY “Magazzini digitali” HAS THE SAME PROGRAM

4. How can we preserve for the future?
Technology has so changed our world that most of
what we now create begins life in a digital format
The artifacts that tell the stories of our lives reside on personal
IMMAGINE computers or web sites, in emails or on digital photo and film cards
Risk of loss should motivate preservation
IMMAGINE

5. Backups versus Digital Preservation
Why do we differentiate backups from digital
preservation program?
“disaster recovery strategies and backup systems are
NOT sufficient to ensure survival and access to authentic
IMMAGINE digital resources over time.
A backup is short-term data recovery solution following loss or
corruption and is fundamentally different to an electronic
preservation archive”
Joint Information Systems Committee - 2006
Backing up data is NOT a comprehensive solution to the
problem of preserving information over time

6. Backups versus Digital Preservation
What are the goals of thinking hundred’s of years
ahead?
Digital preservation:
IMMAGINE Today’s sholarly content… secured for tomorrow
 A true digital preservation program will require
multi-institutional collaboration at international and
national level
 It also requires the creation and maintenance of
preservation policies that guide long-term curation of
digital collections
 Finally, some significant investment is needed, too

7. Digital Preservation Initiatives
Scholarly publishing
 Portico
(http://www.portico.org)
 CLOCKSS
IMMAGINE (http://www.clockss.org)
 LOCKSS Global Network
(http://www.lockss.org)
 Italian Private LOCKSS Network
(pilot phase)
 CILEA Consortium LOCAL Hosting
 Magazzini Digitali
(Digital Stacks: Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale Firenze
and Fondazione Rinascimento Digitale)
 Preservation of Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences (PNAS)

8. CLOCKSS
Four Unique Benefits
 12 Archive node
 Not for profit joint venture between the world’s leading
worldwide distributed
scholarly publishers and research libraries whose
mission is to build a sustainable, geographically
 IMMAGINE
70+ Publishers,
distributed dark archive with which to ensure the long-
with more than 7.500
term survival of web-based scholarly publications
committed titles
 Independent and governed by a Board of Directors
 160+ Libraries
with equal representation for publishers and libraries;
all participating institutions appoint one representative in
the Advisory Council
 Free, open access to ‘triggered’ content:
content no longer available from any publisher is
available for free.
 Low libraries and publishers participation fees:
costs are low so everyone can participate.

9. CLOCKSS - Distributed Digital Preservation (DDP)
CLOCKSS is a dark archive founded by the world’s
leading publishers and libraries to keep archiving in
the hands of the community
Asia/Pacific
Australia: ANU
China: University of Hong Kong
Japan: NII
Europe VIDEO
Germany: Humboldt University
UK: University of Edinburgh
Italy: Università Cattolica del
Sacro Cuore
North America
Canada: University of Alberta
United States: Indiana
University, Rice University,
Stanford University,
University of Virginia, OCLC
http://www.clockss.org/clockss/How_CLOCKSS_Works

10. CLOCKSS – Decentralized preservation
Libraries preserving content around the globe
 Re-enforcing social value as memory organizations
 Insuring against geo-social and geo-physical risks
IMMAGINE

11. CLOCKSS – Italian Alliance
 Since 2010, Università
Cattolica has been
responsible for the
Italian CLOCKSS Libraries Publishers
archive node
European University Institute (EUI) Casalini Libri
 Università Cattolica is
promoting and Istituto Nazionale Geofisica e Vulcanologia Fabrizio Serra
sustaining CLOCKSS (INGV)
cooperation with CILEA
Consortium for libraries Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi CLUEB
and Casalini Libri for Sociali (LUISS)
publishers.
Politecnico di Milano CADMO edizioni
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
Università di Bergamo
Università di Brescia
Università di Ferrara
Università di Milano
Università di Verona
Università Federico II di Napoli

12. CLOCKSS – Triggered content available for free
Trigger events include
 Publisher no longer in Business.
Publisher is no longer in business or is no longer in the
business of publishing content or providing access to
previously published content and there are no
IMMAGINE successor interests or reversions or transfers or rights
 Title no longer offered.
Publisher has stopped publishing and is no longer
providing access to the content and there are no
successor interests or reversion or transfer of rights.
 Back issues no longer available.
Publisher has stopped offering or providing access to
some or all of the back issues of the content and there
are no successor interests or reversion or transfer of
rights.
 Catastrophic failure.
While still publishing content, Publisher is not able to
provide access to the content electronically due to the
technical or similar catastrophic and permanet failure.

13. CLOCKSS – Triggered content examples
Archives of Family Medicine
The American Medical Association (AMA) discontinued
publication of Archives of Family Medicine in January 2012.
The CLOCKSS Board voted to release the content from the
http://www.clockss.org/
CLOCKSS Archive, and make the Archives of Family
clockss/Triggered_Content Medicine volumes available for free to all.
http://www.clockss.org/clockss/Molecular_Interventions?format=lockss
Molecular Interventions
The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics discontinued its journal Molecular
Interventions in 2011.
Auto/Biography
When SAGE Publications announced it was discontinuing
Auto/Biography, CLOCKSS experienced its second trigger
event, and the CLOCKSS Board voted to release the
content from the Archive, and made the Auto/Biography
volumes available for free to all.

14. CLOCKSS – Participating Publishers
The annual contribution below covers e-journals,
e-books, and any other materials you’d like to archive.
IMMAGINE Total Publishing Revenue Annual Contribution
Total Publishing Revenue Annual
Under $250,000 $200
$250,000 – 500,000 $400
$500,000 –1 million $1,000
$1 – 5 million $2,000
$5 – 10 million $4,000
$10 – 50 million $9,000
$50 – 200 million $15,000
Over $200 million $25,000

15. A final word from one of our sponsors…
“Let us save what remains: not by vaults and locks which fence
them from the public eye and use in consigning them to the
waste of time, but by such a multiplication of copies, as shall
place them beyond the reach of accident.”
(Thomas Jefferson, February 18, 1791)