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ISSN: 2278 –
1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 Desktop virtualization using SaaS Architecture Pranit U. Patil, Pranav S. Ambavkar, Dr.B.B.Meshram, Prof. Varshapriya VJTI, Matunga, Mumbai, India. pranit_patil@aol.in Abstract - Desktop virtualization is new desktop using the existing available cloud stack OpenStack delivery method in which desktop operating system which will provide flexibility, extendibility and instance customized, build and runs in data centers security of whole system. and users can access application or the whole desktop by using their stateless ‘thin clients’ devices. This 2. RELATED WORK method promises significant benefits in terms of data security, total cost of ownership and manageability of large amount of operating systems instances running In various fields like IT or educations there have in corporate intranetworks. In this paper we have been significant advances of the delivery of proposed yet Cloud architecture to provide desktop desktop environments to the end users, mainly virtualization which is efficient is terms of network through virtualization techniques and thin client. bandwidth and applications overhead at client side. Keywords – cloud computing, desktop virtualization, There are various existing protocols and virtualization. Openstack techniques are used to enable desktop virtualization. Mainly they are share the same 1. INTRODUCTION concept of relaying the keyboard and mouse events from the client to the servers. Here server Virtualization is relatively generalized term, which provides client only screen updates. Various refers to the operation and management of efforts have been already taken the desktop computing elements on the virtual platform and as virtualization products like Virtualbox, VMware a resource solution in order to simplify the Workstation which are commonly used by users management and optimize resources. Desktop does not completely realize desktop virtualization has varied definitions with the virtualization. In other words, this software runs context in which it is implemented [1]. the virtual machine instance on the local or remote computer which is possible by providing Desktop virtualization also referred as virtual and emulates the set of hardware so that it can be desktop interface. Desktop virtualization can be transferred to other machine by means of defined as virtualization of computer desktop in removable media or network. order to achieve security and flexibility. The SunRay, the thin client solution from Sun current desktop virtualization techniques propel the Microsystems now Oracle, provides a client and whole desktop on the end user machine. They pay server solution with token based smartcards more attention to supply high quality display allowing users to move from one thin client effects at the client, increasing interaction between device to another and having their session the machine and end user. This also increase managed by tracking the token ID registered on required network bandwidth and processing at smartcard, SunRay is widely deployed within client side as client have to process and render the Sun and has a growing commercial customer whole propelled desktop. Many times this desktop base. It utilizes Xen and PowerVM virtualized as a whole is unnecessary as end users are tend to linux operating system images[2]. use only applications provided within that desktop. To provide solution of this we have proposed the Also VMware workstation based virtual Yet Another Desktop Virtualization (YADV) laboratories which provide VNC access to virtual system. This paper presents introduction to the machines running on host machines, also there is desktop virtualization and the efficient and another solution provided which uses VMware lightweight desktop virtualization system (YADV) solution based on RDP rather than VNC. Adams 666 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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ISSN: 2278 –
1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 extends the virtual laboratory through the use of central NFS storage for virtual machines. Civic Figure 1. OpenStack Service Architecture provides middleware infrastructure on top of raw hardware resources to provide hosting environment for virtual machine instance and OpenStack helps to create Infrastructure-as-a- virtual machine instance and virtual network Service in a convenient manner by providing generic API‟s which can work with different instance[3]. User can interact with the instance just like with physical machine. cloud vendors and thus prevent vendor lock-in issues. OpenStack is not a hypervisor but one of However systems mentioned above all do not its components controls the hypervisor and other pay much attention on scalability, security and underlying functions. Due to the scope of the decreasing desktop granularity and optimize the paper, we will not discuss details of OpenStack protocol utilized between clients and servers and will restrict our discussion to the critical which are important in various environments, issues in VM operations. such as, wireless networks. Other components are typical cloud components like object storage, network controller, compute 3. SYSTEM MODEL manager and so on. Specifically, the main management module in OpenStack is named as In order to make high utilization of resources and “nova” and thus the relative names of other provide more secure and feasible services for components. Customers typically consume and users, we propose a lightweight desktop interact with cloud services through the API‟s as virtualization system using OpenStack cloud shown above. In the following section, we stack. We first describe the main framework of briefly describe the basic VM operations and the system under study. then describe our observations. For clarity we would like to emphasize that Virtual Cloud 3.1. System architecture Controller or VCC is the combination of the The main part of „YADV‟ is OpenStack, which main compute module, cloud management API‟s is a group of open source projects, that together and the system administrator that operates on aim at creating and managing public as well as these two entities i.e. VCC = nova-compute private clouds. Following OpenStack[4] module + cloud management API + system architectural diagram gives an overall idea of administrator). Virtual Machine Operations3.1.1 cloud operations in general; Creation: In this phase, a cloud user gets authenticated via „user-authorization‟ module. It is single-sign on authorization where cloud user can access all the associated services from various components of openstack. To create an instance, a cloud user sends request to VCC along with a predefined or customized VM template that contains basic OS parameters, RAM size etc. Here, nova-scheduler picks up a computer node from pool of available resources depending upon its scheduling algorithm and then the execution phase of the instance starts on that computer node (VMM). 3.1.2 Execution: VM starts executing an instance by using customized OS templates provided by the user or by fetching an available VM image stored in Image Store(Swift). After starting an instance, a key pair is generated and gets attached to it and nova-network component assigns public IP addresses from available pool of addresses .Finally, this instance is provided to internet users along with the required information about the instance. 667 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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ISSN: 2278 –
1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 3.1.3 Migration: It consists of moving a running mkdir ~/livecdtmp instance between different physical servers (VMM) without disconnecting the client. It mv ubuntu-9.04-desktop-i386.iso ~/livecdtmp includes migration of memory, storage and cd ~/livecdtmp network connectivity of a virtual machine. 3.1.4 Termination: In this phase, a cloud user or Mount the Desktop .iso internet user sends request to terminate the running instance. Termination process consists of mkdir mnt stopping the instance, saving user data and removing any temporary data if used by virtual sudo mount -o loop ubuntu-9.04-desktop- machine. i386.iso mnt Here, the following figure shows, the environment variable setup for accessing various services provided by the OpenStack Extract .iso contents into dir 'extract-cd' mkdir extract-cd sudo rsync --exclude=/casper/filesystem.squashfs -a mnt/ extract-cd Extract the SquashFS filesystem sudo unsquashfs mnt/casper/filesystem.squashfs sudo mv squashfs-root edit To use the network connection within chroot Figure 2. Environment Variable for OpenStack sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf edit/etc/ 3.2 Customization of Operating System disk Customization images: In YADV we are going to make apt-get update customized operating system disk images to apt-get install openssh-server make sure virtual machine instances will run smoothly and will have all the necessary apt-get install bluefish packages in it to support the connectivity to the apt-get install gnome-panel client. As we are going to use Ubuntu Linux, the following procedure will be more or less same to Here in customization, we have installed SSH the other Linux based distros. Customization of server on cooking Ubuntu desktop system which operating system involves localize to certain will provide client application to access the language, install or remove a software virtualized instance of the same. application, update software and change the system defaults [5]. Here we‟ll install SSH server and required applications which are Producing the CD image required at client side. sudo mkisofs -D -r -V "$IMAGE_NAME" - The example shown here uses the ubuntu-9.04- cache-inodes -J -l -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c desktop-i386.iso Desktop CD. isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o ../ubuntu-9.04.1-desktop- mv ubuntu-9.04-desktop-i386.iso ~/livecdtmp i386-custom.iso . Move or copy it into an empty directory 668 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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ISSN: 2278 –
1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 This will produce iso image of customized 4.1 Implementation of application streaming desktop operating system which can we used by Many systems like VNC, Windows based RDP our YADV system which uses Openstack as its or Teamviewer only provides full screen display backbone. The following snapshot shows service. However, most of the times, user wants registered iso images with OpenStack to concentrate on single application but not the whole desktop, to that these systems does not make any sense. In this paper, the following issues are studied and implemented: How to obtain information within single window at client side? How to propel software list and not all the desktop to the client? Which client side application can be used to ease the burden of complex configuration? In this system, we used simple technique to deal with above problems. Our prototype is based on Linux servers and Linux or Windows clients. The X-window system is a graphic user environment at server side. In the system we are going to use X over SSH to get work done along with „gnome-terminal‟[6] software application which will propel only software list or panel to the client, thus background information about the rest desktop improving the performance of virtualized instance. Figure 3. Registered iso images with OpenStack The figure 4 shows the propelled software list on the client machine. 3.2 Software for clients: The software for client is lightweight and easy to use, while showing high performance and high security. It has two main functions, one is to receive encrypted data from servers and to process and display them on screen; the other is to intercept input event from local machine and send them to server. Actions like window resizing, configuration, themes and other local graphical properties also be detected by the software at client side. 3.3 Interaction between two sides In this paper, we use existing SSH protocol to implement interaction between client and servers SSH are highly secure method of communication which provided encryption to prevent data interception. This protocol simplifies the work of data processing significantly and makes the system have good portability among different platforms including Windows. Figure 4. Propelled software list on client 4. THE YET ANOTHER DESKTOP machine VIRTUALIZATION SYSTEM 4.2 Combination of UI elements In this section, we present the design of the proposed desktop virtualization system. 669 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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ISSN: 2278 –
1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 With the assistance of „gnome-panel‟ software studied conducted on this YADV shown us that application, the pixel data on server side can be it provides better QoS and efficiently allocates shown at client side. „gnome-panel‟ does provide resources among users. flexibility to put itself on any edge of the current Future works includes the system development desktop screen of client. Also if the client is also based on Web 2.0 which will eliminate need of linux, then it shown new propelled software list using any client side application expect browser. on the existing software panel with hover effect. More work is also needed to further optimize the 4.3 Client side application and implementation customized disk image to provide quick and easy customization according to end user need. To use desktop propelled with YADV, client needs to have very simple and lightweight REFERENCES existing softwares applications like putty or ssh client. 1) Desktop Virtualization Technologies and Implementation: Pranit Patil-IOSRJEN If the YADV client is linux machine, then user needs to issue only following commands 2) http://www.oracle.com/us/ technologies/virtualization/061984.html ssh –X ipaddress_of_YADV_server 3)http://pdf.aminer.org/000/299/287/specificatio n_based_computing_environments_for_informat If the YADV client is windows, it needs to install ion_management.pdf Xming X-server [7] which will acts as a client and sends keyboard and mouse events to the 4) http://openstack.org/ YADV server. 5)https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCDCu stomization 5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK In this paper, we have proposed YADV, a novel 6) http://library.gnome.org/users/gnome - approach to provide remote virtualization services to the end user,. In the proposed terminal framework, server resources are integrated into 7) http://sourceforge.net/projects/xming/ powerful and scalable computing cloud stack i.e. OpenStack which used to make more efficient use of available hardware. Moreover all the applications are running on virtual machines and monitored using OpenStack only. The simulation 670 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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