Course presentation for international and comparative policing and law enforcement.

1. International
and
Comparative
Policing
CRIM 405.003
Prof. Andrew Novak

2. Agenda
 United Kingdom
 France
 Germany
 China
 Japan
 Saudi Arabia
 International Policing

3. United Kingdom
 Origins in feudal constable
 1829: London police reformed into world’s
first modern police agency
 Today, under Ministry of Home Affairs
 Policing is shared responsibility between
federal and local governments

4. France
 Strong centralized police force (Roman
model)
 Derives from medieval office of provost
 Much more militarized than British police
 Not completely independent of judiciary
 Divided between Police Nationale
(Interior ministry) and Gendarmerie
(Defense ministry)
 Unlike UK, public distrust of police

5. Germany
 Like UK, police in Germany are relatively
decentralized
 Schutzpolizei (Schupo): Municipal police
 Kriminalpolizei (Kripo): Investigatory police
 Challenges posed by right wing extremists
and by immigration

6. China
 Shared responsibility of Ministry of Justice
(courts/prisons) and Ministry of Public Security
(police)
 Socialist emphasis on involving citizenry in
policing; volunteer public security groups act
as eyes and ears of police
 Emphasis on administrative justice: Police can
levy fines or short periods of detention without
involvement of judicial process for petty
crimes or social deviance

7. Japan
 Historically very low crime rate, but
increase in organized crime
 Highly centralized police force, under
control of an impartial commission
 Police stations divided into “koban,”
neighborhood community police that
mediate disputes and provide counseling
 Very strict gun laws, even for police

8. Saudi Arabia
 Civic police under Interior ministry and
religious police under Committee for
Protection of Virtue
 Religious police are powerful vigilante
force that monitor deviance from Islam
 Special judicial review for death penalty,
stoning, and amputation for theft
 Civic police governed by Bureau of
Investigation and Public Prosecution

9. International
 UN Office of Drugs and Crime – administers treaties
and provides assistance to developing countries
 Interpol – shares information about transnational
criminals; liaison between national police forces
 Europol – EU law enforcement agency
 Frontex – EU border control agency
 UN Police – provides police missions for transitional
or postconflict countries
 Financial Action Task Force – helps suppress money
laundering/terrorist financing and tracks financial
transfers