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Joanne Nicholson, Ph.D.
A Multi-disciplinary,
Whole-of-Family Approach
to Supporting Parents with
Mental Illness
October 2010
Joanne.Nicholson@Umassmed.edu
www.parentingwell.org
Disclosures
with Karen Albert, M.S., Kathleen Biebel,
Ph.D., Bernice Gershenson, M.P.H., Beth
R. Hinden, Ph.D., Valerie Williams, M.A.,
M.S., Brenda Warren, B.S., Chip Wilder,
LICSW, Toni Wolf, B.A. & Katherine
Woolsey, B.A.
We have received support from state, federal, and
foundation sources, and from AstraZeneca
for non pharmaceutical research.
Our Work is Informed by Research & Practice
• Survey & ethnographic studies of individuals
& families over time
• National surveys & site visit projects
• Development & testing of our own
interventions
• Consultation & training to numerous federal,
state & local policy makers, providers,
consumers & family members
Today’s Talking Points
• Family members are likely to have multiple
and overlapping needs & roles – individuals
with mental illness, carers & siblings.
• There are many opportunities & strategies for
intervention.
• The best care requires the engagement of
multiple stakeholders working in partnership.
“Trends and technologies may
change, but from the Stone Age to
the Internet age, two aspects of life
remain constant: Family can be the
source of great joy and sorrow, and
parenthood is a challenge.”
(Sarah Rodman, Boston Globe, February 28, 2010, p. N1)
Parent
Well-being
& Function-
ing
Family,
Stress &
Supports
Child
Character-
istics
Child
Well-being &
Functioning
Intervention
Intervention
Intervention
Many
Opportunities
for Intervention
& Support
Mental
Illness
Substance
Abuse
Parents &
Children
Trauma
A Whole-of-Family Approach: Families are the
focus of mental health promotion, mental illness
prevention, treatment and rehabilitation
Families can take many forms.
Children may be living with
birth parents, step-parents,
relatives, foster families,
adoptive families, or in other
“formal” or “informal”
arrangements.
“…You know, some people think you
shouldn’t have a baby because you
have mental illness and because
you’re on medication.”
“…How to be a good role model for
your kids when you have problems of
your own…you want your child to
grow up to be a healthy, well-
adjusted adult…”
“You have to go to work. You gotta’
‘come home. You gotta’ deal with the
kids, deal with your own home. Your
own problems, you know, really start
piling up.”
“…No medication is going to slow me
down. I have a 2-1/2 year old
daughter. I have to be active for that
reason. I have to be right behind her
everywhere she goes…”
“…In reality I don’t want to go [to the
hospital]. I want to be home. I want
to be the mother. I want to be in
charge of the house…cooking,
cleaning, taking care of everybody,
changing diapers.”
“…When you’re doing good, nobody’s
there for you…but when they find out
the least little bit wrong, they’re
there on you, letting you know all the
negative... no positive.”
“And when they come in and they say,
‘We’re taking what you have left--
that’s keeping you alive’…What do
you think then?…You’re a failure
completely…”
“…trust issues too. How do I know
this person will care for my baby?
What if they don’t take proper care?”
“…How do you establish a loving
relationship with your child…when
you’re not with them a lot? They
don’t see you on a regular basis and
you can’t show them your love in the
normal ways…”
What must be put into place to support
the optimal functioning & positive
relationships of adults who are parents
& their children, family members &
carers—in times of stability & in
anticipation of times of difficulty?
Working with Individuals in a Family
Context/Working with Families
Key Ingredients for Success When
Adults with Mental Illness
are Parents
• Family-centered
• Strengths-based
• Trauma-informed
Key Ingredient: Family-Centered
 Integration of adult & child services
 Interagency collaboration
 Funding to meet unique needs
identified by families
Key Ingredient: Strengths-Based
 Non-judgmental approach
 Support of positive role models
Key Ingredient: Trauma-Informed
 Safe environment
 Trustworthy, dependable relationships
 Attend to issues of power & control
Family-centered, strengths-based,
trauma-informed practices require
a paradigm shift in the way
providers view and intervene with
individuals.
It takes a village…
• Multigenerational & developmental
approach
• Multiple sectors working together
• Recovery in adults: achieving goals &
reducing adverse outcomes
• Resilience in children: supporting strengths &
addressing needs
What does it take to create the village?
Leveraging Partnerships to Coordinate
& Create Services for Families
• Changing the way we do business
• Changing the business we do
Provide Family-informed
Treatment & Services
• Consider family roles & context.
• Ask about reproductive issues & goals
for family life.
• Anticipate impact of treatment
recommendations on parent’s
functioning.
Enhance Existing Strategies:
provide family-informed…
 Supported housing
 Supported employment
 Supported education
 Peer support
 Services for children & youth
Create Family-focused
Intervention Strategies
• The Family Project
• Parenting Options Project
• Family Legal Support Project
• Homeless Families Project
• Family Options
Family Options
• Recovery & resilience are family matters
(family-centered, trauma-informed)
• Family goal planning based on strengths &
needs assessment (strengths-based)
• Family Coaches, Program Director, Clinical
Consultant, Parent Peers (psych rehab,
parenting & life skills, family psychoeducation)
• Family team of professional, natural & peer
support providers (wraparound)
Preliminary Conclusions:
Family Options Outcomes
• Significant improvements in mothers’
functioning & well-being at 6 & 12 mos.
• Significant increase in supports &
resources at 6 mos.
• Families achieved individualized goals.
• Families transitioned to less intensive
contact at about 12 mos.
Family Options Implementation
Challenges: Creating…
• The workforce capacity
• The organizational capacity
• The community capacity
The Workforce Capacity
• Identify skill sets for working with families
• MH/Child welfare, adults and children, strengths-based,
family focused services
• Recruit staff with relevant experience
• Balance characteristics with credentials
• Educate staff to intervention model
• Literature, researchers/consultant experts in parental
mental illness, site visits
• Develop targeted trainings to address challenges
• Psychosocial rehab specialists address goal planning with
families
The Organizational Capacity
• Develop tools & resources to identify family
strengths & goals
• Family strengths assessment form
• Family goal form
• Operationalize protocols & procedures
• Maximize what exists, e.g., petty cash
• Develop what doesn’t exist, e.g., flex funds
• Facilitate communication pathways among ALL
components of agency
• Internal marketing
• Resource sharing, information exchange
The Community Capacity
• Locate sustainable resources for families
• Logistics meetings re: families’ needs and strategies to
access services
• Nurture new relationships with community
agencies
• Informational events, kick-off, trainings
• Reinvigorate existing community relationships
• Reintroductions, face-to-face meetings
• Leverage partnerships to coordinate services for
families
• Team meetings with providers to coordinate and
maximize services
Some Final Suggestions:
• Educate - colleagues in other
disciplines & fields, e.g., primary
care, education.
• Coordinate – help families navigate
systems & access services.
• Collaborate – build bridges among
services & supports; policy makers,
providers & researchers.
• Partner – with families to achieve
their goals.
“My children give me strength,
they give me hope,
they give me the will to survive…”
Contact us: Joanne.Nicholson@Umassmed.edu

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Multi disiplinary approach to supporting parents with a mental illness

  • 1. Joanne Nicholson, Ph.D. A Multi-disciplinary, Whole-of-Family Approach to Supporting Parents with Mental Illness October 2010 Joanne.Nicholson@Umassmed.edu www.parentingwell.org
  • 2. Disclosures with Karen Albert, M.S., Kathleen Biebel, Ph.D., Bernice Gershenson, M.P.H., Beth R. Hinden, Ph.D., Valerie Williams, M.A., M.S., Brenda Warren, B.S., Chip Wilder, LICSW, Toni Wolf, B.A. & Katherine Woolsey, B.A. We have received support from state, federal, and foundation sources, and from AstraZeneca for non pharmaceutical research.
  • 3. Our Work is Informed by Research & Practice • Survey & ethnographic studies of individuals & families over time • National surveys & site visit projects • Development & testing of our own interventions • Consultation & training to numerous federal, state & local policy makers, providers, consumers & family members
  • 4. Today’s Talking Points • Family members are likely to have multiple and overlapping needs & roles – individuals with mental illness, carers & siblings. • There are many opportunities & strategies for intervention. • The best care requires the engagement of multiple stakeholders working in partnership.
  • 5. “Trends and technologies may change, but from the Stone Age to the Internet age, two aspects of life remain constant: Family can be the source of great joy and sorrow, and parenthood is a challenge.” (Sarah Rodman, Boston Globe, February 28, 2010, p. N1)
  • 6. Parent Well-being & Function- ing Family, Stress & Supports Child Character- istics Child Well-being & Functioning Intervention Intervention Intervention Many Opportunities for Intervention & Support
  • 7. Mental Illness Substance Abuse Parents & Children Trauma A Whole-of-Family Approach: Families are the focus of mental health promotion, mental illness prevention, treatment and rehabilitation
  • 8. Families can take many forms. Children may be living with birth parents, step-parents, relatives, foster families, adoptive families, or in other “formal” or “informal” arrangements.
  • 9. “…You know, some people think you shouldn’t have a baby because you have mental illness and because you’re on medication.”
  • 10. “…How to be a good role model for your kids when you have problems of your own…you want your child to grow up to be a healthy, well- adjusted adult…”
  • 11. “You have to go to work. You gotta’ ‘come home. You gotta’ deal with the kids, deal with your own home. Your own problems, you know, really start piling up.”
  • 12. “…No medication is going to slow me down. I have a 2-1/2 year old daughter. I have to be active for that reason. I have to be right behind her everywhere she goes…”
  • 13. “…In reality I don’t want to go [to the hospital]. I want to be home. I want to be the mother. I want to be in charge of the house…cooking, cleaning, taking care of everybody, changing diapers.”
  • 14. “…When you’re doing good, nobody’s there for you…but when they find out the least little bit wrong, they’re there on you, letting you know all the negative... no positive.”
  • 15. “And when they come in and they say, ‘We’re taking what you have left-- that’s keeping you alive’…What do you think then?…You’re a failure completely…”
  • 16. “…trust issues too. How do I know this person will care for my baby? What if they don’t take proper care?”
  • 17. “…How do you establish a loving relationship with your child…when you’re not with them a lot? They don’t see you on a regular basis and you can’t show them your love in the normal ways…”
  • 18. What must be put into place to support the optimal functioning & positive relationships of adults who are parents & their children, family members & carers—in times of stability & in anticipation of times of difficulty? Working with Individuals in a Family Context/Working with Families
  • 19. Key Ingredients for Success When Adults with Mental Illness are Parents • Family-centered • Strengths-based • Trauma-informed
  • 20. Key Ingredient: Family-Centered  Integration of adult & child services  Interagency collaboration  Funding to meet unique needs identified by families
  • 21. Key Ingredient: Strengths-Based  Non-judgmental approach  Support of positive role models
  • 22. Key Ingredient: Trauma-Informed  Safe environment  Trustworthy, dependable relationships  Attend to issues of power & control
  • 23. Family-centered, strengths-based, trauma-informed practices require a paradigm shift in the way providers view and intervene with individuals.
  • 24. It takes a village… • Multigenerational & developmental approach • Multiple sectors working together • Recovery in adults: achieving goals & reducing adverse outcomes • Resilience in children: supporting strengths & addressing needs What does it take to create the village?
  • 25. Leveraging Partnerships to Coordinate & Create Services for Families • Changing the way we do business • Changing the business we do
  • 26. Provide Family-informed Treatment & Services • Consider family roles & context. • Ask about reproductive issues & goals for family life. • Anticipate impact of treatment recommendations on parent’s functioning.
  • 27. Enhance Existing Strategies: provide family-informed…  Supported housing  Supported employment  Supported education  Peer support  Services for children & youth
  • 28. Create Family-focused Intervention Strategies • The Family Project • Parenting Options Project • Family Legal Support Project • Homeless Families Project • Family Options
  • 29. Family Options • Recovery & resilience are family matters (family-centered, trauma-informed) • Family goal planning based on strengths & needs assessment (strengths-based) • Family Coaches, Program Director, Clinical Consultant, Parent Peers (psych rehab, parenting & life skills, family psychoeducation) • Family team of professional, natural & peer support providers (wraparound)
  • 30. Preliminary Conclusions: Family Options Outcomes • Significant improvements in mothers’ functioning & well-being at 6 & 12 mos. • Significant increase in supports & resources at 6 mos. • Families achieved individualized goals. • Families transitioned to less intensive contact at about 12 mos.
  • 31. Family Options Implementation Challenges: Creating… • The workforce capacity • The organizational capacity • The community capacity
  • 32. The Workforce Capacity • Identify skill sets for working with families • MH/Child welfare, adults and children, strengths-based, family focused services • Recruit staff with relevant experience • Balance characteristics with credentials • Educate staff to intervention model • Literature, researchers/consultant experts in parental mental illness, site visits • Develop targeted trainings to address challenges • Psychosocial rehab specialists address goal planning with families
  • 33. The Organizational Capacity • Develop tools & resources to identify family strengths & goals • Family strengths assessment form • Family goal form • Operationalize protocols & procedures • Maximize what exists, e.g., petty cash • Develop what doesn’t exist, e.g., flex funds • Facilitate communication pathways among ALL components of agency • Internal marketing • Resource sharing, information exchange
  • 34. The Community Capacity • Locate sustainable resources for families • Logistics meetings re: families’ needs and strategies to access services • Nurture new relationships with community agencies • Informational events, kick-off, trainings • Reinvigorate existing community relationships • Reintroductions, face-to-face meetings • Leverage partnerships to coordinate services for families • Team meetings with providers to coordinate and maximize services
  • 35. Some Final Suggestions: • Educate - colleagues in other disciplines & fields, e.g., primary care, education. • Coordinate – help families navigate systems & access services. • Collaborate – build bridges among services & supports; policy makers, providers & researchers. • Partner – with families to achieve their goals.
  • 36. “My children give me strength, they give me hope, they give me the will to survive…” Contact us: Joanne.Nicholson@Umassmed.edu