Tp1 Design for All part1

Modules 1 – 4 | 1st day
Version 01.03.2012
Authors: Sonia Carpinelli, Manfred Heilemann, Peter Neumann & Constanze Unger
Akademie Gestaltung im HBZ | Handwerkskammer Bildungszentrum | 48163 Münster | Germany
E-Mail: akademie-gestaltung@hwk-muenster.de
Web: www.akademie-gestaltung.de

"DE-SME - Intelligent Furniture - Training for Design,

Environment and New Materials in SMEs"

Agreement n. 2009 - 2196 / 001 – 001

www.IntelligentFurniture.eu

© 2012, not for publication, only for use in direct relation to

the project

1st day content

• Welcome greetings and introduction of the seminar
and teachers

• Introduction of the participants/attendees

• Module 1: Why do we need Design for All (2 lessons)

• Module 2: Diversity and living- part 1 (2 lessons)

• Module 3: What is DfA (3 lessons)

• Module 4: Standards and norms (1 lesson)

01/03/2012 Intelligent Furniture – Design for All 2

introduction

Introduction of attendees and seminar


attendees‘ introduction

• Name

• Profession/workplace

• Expectations for this Seminar

• Meaning that Design for All can probably have
for your work

or

• Added value that Design for All can probably
bring to your work


seminar introduction

The aims of the seminar are:

• raising the importance of Design for All to
innovate the design and production process

• identifying the different needs according to the
end users and the requirements of objects,
services, living spaces to respond to them

• contributing to the realization of collaborative
networks within the different possible
stakeholders (SMEs, designers, producers,
marketing experts, final users…)


Module 1

Module 1:

Why do we need
Design for All (DfA)?


Module 1

Design for All is intended to
focus on the needs of the
customers, among others
also on age and disability


reflection about

What is the effect for the
companies, if they work in
the field of Design for All?


adjustable
wall-unit

Screenshot: www.hegering.tischler.de


walk-in shower

Source: Kaldewei www.kaldewei.de


- table with 4 adjustable benches
- design garden furniture
- contract furniture
- bar and restaurant furniture
Source: www.extremis.be


Four-poster bed with canopy

Source: www.dedon.de


Module 1

„Across Europe,
human diversity in
age, culture and
ability is greater than
ever.“

picture rights not approved

Source: www.adac.de


Module 1

„We now survive
illness and injury and
live with disability as
never before.“
from:
EIDD Stockholm Declaration 2004


Source: www.adac.de


Module 1

The demographic future of Europe
Key figures (EU 27)

• Rate of the population of working age in 2050
(aged 20-64): 52 %

• Rate of the population aged from 15 to 24 in 2050: 19 %

• Rate of the population aged 65 and over in 2050: 29 %

Source: www.europa.eu


Module 1

Age pyramid for the EU-27 (2007 and 2050)

Source: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Population_structure_and_ageingEurostat (2008)


Module 1

Age pyramid for Germany (1910 and 2040)

Source: www.destatis.de


Module 1

The increasing age generally implies
(for the next future):
• a decline in capability
• increased wealth
• more free time
• less tolerarance for products difficult to use due
to unnecessary demands on capabilities


Module 1

„Times they are a changing“

picture rights not approved picture rights not approved

Drawing: Mother of Albrecht Dürer in the age of 63 Picture: Senta Berger at the age of 63


Module 1


picture rights not approved picture rights not approved

Picture: Tina Turner (70) Picture: Sean Connery (79)


Module 1

1980
- retirement age 58
- life expectancy 69,2 (men)
- often sick
- grandchildren call during
weekends
- gets along in the
summercottage without
running water
Source: Finnish newspaper 4.11.2010


Module 1

2010
- retirement age 59,5
- life expectancy 78 (men)
- healthier
- desire to try something
new
picture rights not approved - holidays in Thailand
- language courses
- Facebook users and
Source: Finnish newspaper 4.11.2010 Skype with grandchildren

Module 1

Can your enterprise
afford to ignore the
demographic change?

Discussion


Module 1

The experiment of the diversity

Source: www.norskdesign.no


Module 1

What can be diversity?
• Wearing glasses
• Being left-handed
• Having an allergy
• Being clumsy
• Going around with babies or prams
• Not knowing the language of a foreign country
• Wearing gloves
• Carrying baggages or shopping bags
• Being pregnant
• ….


Module 1

Discussion


Module 1

Diversity:
who is the „average user“ ?

Source:http://www.designforalla.se/templates/Page____282.aspx


Module 1



Module 1

Can your enterprise
afford to ignore
human diversity?

Discussion


Module 1

In our present society also
big social changes are setting in


Module 1

The survivors society
(end of the `40s – end of the `50s)

The economic boom society

The protest movement society

(Source: based on Quack 2000)


Module 1

The post-material society
(end of the `70s – beginning of the `80s)

The experience society
(beginning of the `80s - ??)

The well-being society
(since 2000 – ??)

(Source: based on Quack 2000)


Module 1

New social trends:

• social differentiation
• ecological awareness
• comfort and security request
• exclusiveness and aesthetics request


Module 1

Changes in the social context:

Differentiation of the family structure
• single living more common
• different generations still alive (up to 4)
• family members living far away from each other

Large use of (Information) Technology
• technological devices used for everyday life
i.e. Ambient assisted Living (AAL)
• social media and networks connections
• large offer of information and goods on the Internet


Module 1

Changes in the social context:

High demand of services and supply
• assistive support and aids
• personal services
• more attention to sustainability and ecology
• door-to-door delivering goods
• ….


Module 1

How does it influence the life-style?

“Homing“
• own house is the centre of social life
• no foreclosure, but shifting the social
activities in own surroundings
i.e.: collective cooking session,
DVD or game playing evenings


Module 1

How does it influence the life-style?

“Slowing“
• return to the deliberate quiteness and slowness,
at least in the private life
• often associated with ecological reasons
• enjoyment and consumption can play a big role

i.e.: Slow-Food phenomenon


Module 1

How does it influence the interior/furniture choice?
• cozy interior (i.e. fireplace, big sofas,…)



Module 1

• social rooms / spaces (big kitchen, living-room with
electronic devices and accessories, …)


Source: www.snaidero.it; www.kitchenwarendorf.com


Module 1


• „noble“ bathrooms



Module 1

“Although today's world is a complex
place, it is one of our own making,
one therefore we have the possibility
- and the responsibility - to base our
design on the principle of inclusion.”

from:


Module 1

Paradigm shift


Module 1

The Design paradigm of modernity:

• the expert „knows better“

• design draft defined in advance for specific
applications and users

• design draft and production done for the
„average user“ defined aritmethically,
according to mainstream stereotypes
(Based on Pete Kercher´s – Design for All Europe ambassador)


Module 1

Challenge:

products and
built environment
focused at
“average user“

Drawing: Vitruvian Man, des. by Leonardo da Vinci 1487


Module 1

But:
the “average user“ is not existing!

Source: Doose, 1997


Module 1

In the new Design for All paradigm:

• the draft is designed to be suitable to
any user

• different users and their experiences are

actively involved in the design process

• the potential users are recognized as
“experts”
(Based on Pete Kercher´s – Design for All Europe ambassador)


Module 1

With Design for All, a new corporate
and economic dimension is opened up
that generates innovations and
added value for the companies.


Module 1

Target: Design for All

• Improving user-friendliness
• Increasing usability and accessibility
• Considering all user groups

• Avoiding social stigma

• Supporting social, ecologic and
economic sustainability
• Making good business sense


Module 2

Module 2:

Mobility and living


Module 2

Task:

Now all of you will use every
different type of simulation aids
available, in order to directly
analyse the interaction with the
environment (objects/pieces of
furniture), while pretending to
have a mobility or an activity
limitation.


Module 2

Picture: Experiencing Human diversity (Photo: SimonKesting.de)


Module 2

Source: www.emedea.it/informausili and Blinden-und-Sehbehinderten-Verband Brandenburg e.V.


Module 2


Pictures: accessories for disabled persons
Source: www.bmsk.gv.at


Module 2

Experience report
by the participants…


Module 2

How do normal daily activities look like,
now?

How can these kinds of aids be useful for
your work?

Discussion


Module 2

Age explorer is used
as an instrument of
research within the
design process in a
kitchen company.
2010

“Age Explorer supporting Blum customers in making
informed decisions when purchasing a new kitchen.”
Source: http://www.blum.at/eu/it/04/40/10/ageexplorer.php


Module 2

From 1994 on, the Ford
motor company
developed a Third Age
Suit to simulate
movement restrictions.
It has been used to
design the new
Ford Focus, according to
the needs of the possible
customers.


Module 3

Module 3:

What is Design for All (DfA)?


Module 3

Design for All

• developed in Europe (in Barcelona, with
roots both in Scandinavian functionalism in
the 1950s and in ergonomic design from the
1960s)
• aims originally at social inclusion
• focuses on development process
(from draft design to realization)


Module 3

Definition:

“Design for All is design for human
diversity, social inclusion and equality.”

from:


Module 3

“Bad Design disabled,
good design enabled“
from:


Module 3

Design for All criteria

• usability for a big group of users without
adaptation
• easily adjustable to different requirements
• possible usability with the addition of
individual tools
• user involvement in all phases of
development (from the idea to checking
pre-series and the production)


Module 3

Design for All criteria

• Respectful
• Safe
• Healthy
• Functional
• Comprehensible
• Aesthetically pleasing
Source: Eca – European Concept for Accessibility


Module 3

Everyday objects:
are they designed for All?
What are your experiences
(or the ones from the market)?


Module 3

Pictures of everyday objects, SC/PN private


Module 3

Pictures of everyday objects, www.grohe.de


Module 3

Pictures of everyday objects, SC/PN private


Module 3

Other objects….


Module 3

Where can we recognize
the DfA principles in these
objects?

Discussion


Module 4

Module 4:

Standards and Norms


Module 4


Drawing: The Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci
Source: www.oppisworld.de


Module 4


Drawing: Modulor by Le Corbusier
Source: http://www.fondationlecorbusier.fr


Module 4


Drawing: Proportion of human body based on Zeising A.
Source: Neufert (1999)


Module 4


Drawings: Man, dimensions and spaces needed body dimensions


Module 4

K
j

K


Drawings: Man, dimensions and spaces needed body dimensions


Module 4

Worldwide comparison of accessibility norms (2006)
The following compared data show the differences:
elevator cabin dimensions (mm) accessible toilet (mm)

Source: Canadian Human Rights Commission – CHC, via: www.hindernisfrei-bauen.ch


Module 4

1

Source: www.eca.lu


Module 4

ECA European Concept for Accessibility
Technical Assistance Manual 2003

Accessibility standards providing a minimum level through which
everyone must be able to use the built environment in an independent
and equal way (based on various data, studies and expertise)

Operating, reaching and holding

110cm

90cm
A A = suitable height for door
handles, light switches, public
telephones, service panel in lifts

135cm

B B = suitable height for hooks,
40cm bookshelves,..
Source: www.eca.lu


Module 4

Sitting

50cm

45cm

A = suitable height
A
for sitting

B = suitable height for a
B>=80cm
working or eating surface

C>=70cm C = free space under
Source: www.eca.lu the table


Module 4

Headrooms, paths, floors

L = minimum headroom for
doorways

M = minimum headroom for L>=220
through access, doors etc.
M=210
N = width of openings in the
surface of walkways, floor
grids or gratings
P<=
N=2 0,5 Q<=2
P = smoothness of walking
surface

Q = acceptable difference in Source: www.eca.lu

floor levels without the need
for special provisions


Module 4

Norms: performance criteria

• measures are included in a range of values, so
to be confortably used by a wider quantity of
people

• also used in the accessibility legislation of Italy
and Catalunia, the previous legislation of
Norway, and the newly published DIN 18040 in
Germany


Module 4

DIN Technical report 124
(Fachbericht 124)
“Products in Design for All”

(refers to CEN CENELEC Guide 6, “Guidelines for
standards developers to address the needs of older
person and person with disabilities)

DfA should not result in disappropriation of
increasing the cost of the product, so it would be
appropriate to include DfA in the design process right from
the beginning, instead of carrying out subsequent
alterations to the products


Module 4

Other national norms and standards….


Module 4

Which norms and standards
considering DfA are relevant for my
company?

Discussion


Thank you
and see you next date!


This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the

views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of

the information contained therein.


Tp1 Design for All part1

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