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PostgreSQLのこれまで、9.0、そしてこれから
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Takahiro Itagaki
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PostgreSQL 9.0 の新機能の解説、及びこれまでのリリースで解消されてきた問題と、将来のロードマップについてを紹介する。
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PostgreSQLのこれまで、9.0、そしてこれから
1.
PostgreSQL
9.0 NTT 2010-06-19 JPUG 2010 1
2.
: PostgreSQL 9.0
: : PostgreSQL PGCon 2010 JPUG 2010 2
3.
PostgreSQL 9.0
9.0 5 9.0.0 2 / 3 Ingress Ingress PostgreSQL PostgreSQL 8.1 1977 6.0 6.0 7.4 7.4 •• •2 8.3 9.0 (2010/8 ) •2 1986 1996 2000 •• •HOT: •HOT: • • 2003 •VACUUM •VACUUM 2004 • • • • POSTGRES POSTGRES 2005 • • // 2006 7.3 7.3 • • 2007 2008 2009 8.0 2010 •Windows 8.2 •Windows •• •CPU •CPU •• (PITR) (PITR) • • 8. •• •GIN: •GIN: Window Window •VACUUM •VACUUM • DBMS • DBMS JPUG 2010 3
4.
PostgreSQL 9.0
1. 2. ( ) 3. VACUUM FULL 1 2 3 / LISTEN/NOTIFY / Windows 64-bit ( URL ) http://developer.postgresql.org/pgdocs/postgres/release-9-0.html http://lets.postgresql.jp/documents/technical/9.0/ JPUG 2010 4
5.
1.
9.0 2 • = = • ( ) VACUUM / PostgreSQL JPUG 2010 5
6.
vs.
READ WRITE READ WRITE ( v8.4) 8.4 WAL archive_command WAL pg_standby ( 1 ) READ WRITE READ WRITE 9.0 (v9.0) WAL ( ) wal sender WAL wal receiver 9.0 9.0 JPUG 2010 6
7.
vs.
Slony-I pgpool-II 9.0 2.0 2.3 DB ( ) DB SQL PK , DDL ※ ☆ 10 10 3 ( ) ○ ○ ○ JPUG 2010 7 ☆ ※PK= , DDL=
8.
2.
(UNIQUE) “ ” “ ” (EXCLUDE) “ ” “ ” GPS JPUG 2010 8
9.
CREATE TABLE placement
( && “ ” object text, location box, -- EXCLUDE USING gist (location WITH &&) ); CREATE TABLE reservation ( room text, during period, -- { , } EXCLUDE USING gist (room WITH =, during WITH &&) ); gist text gist contrib/btree_gist period ( 9.1 ) JPUG 2010 9
10.
3.
VACUUM FULL VACUUM FULL 8.4 “ ” 9.0 “ ” VACUUM FULL VACUUM FULL UP UP VACUUM ( ) FULL FULL +TRUNCATE JPUG 2010 10
11.
PostgreSQL
VACUUM VACUUM 8.4 , FULL 9.0 , CLUSTER + , REINDEX - , VACUUM VACUUM FULL (8.4) REINDEX VACUUM FULL (9.0) CLUSTER REINDEX REINDEX JPUG 2010 11
12.
JPUG 2010
12
13.
8.1
8.3 CPU ? 16CPU 8.3 8CPU 8.2 8.1 2CPU 8.0 JPUG 2010 13
14.
- CPU バ
5 ー 8.0 ジ 8.2 ョ 8.1 8CPU ン 4 8 16core ご CPU と 8.2 の 、 C 3 P U 1 個 2 8.1 に 4CPU 対 す る 1 8.0 相 2CPU 対 性 能 0 1 2 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32core Scaling PostgreSQL on SMP Architectures Doug Tolbert (Unisys), PGCon 2007, Ottawa, 2007-05-24 http://www.pgcon.org/2007/schedule/events/16.en.html JPUG 2010 14
15.
8.3
HOT 2 8.3 8.3 HOT 8.2 FILLFACTOR JPUG 2010 15
16.
– HOT (Heap-Only
Tuples) HOT Fill Factor Fill Factor TPS TPS pgbench 280 40% 260 240 220 40%UP! VACUUM 200 VACUUM 180 Fill Factor 160 HOT 140 100%( ) 120 HOT 90~95% 100 ALTER TABLE tablename 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 SET (fillfactor=95); Fill Factor (%) pgbench -s400 (5GB) NTT OSS Center JPUG 2010 16
17.
-
Checkpoint Throughput [TPM] 8.2 Checkpoint Next Checkpoint 8.3 Time [sec] JPUG 2010 17
18.
SQL
/ 9.0 8.4 8.3 O/R ※ 8.2 IN, EXISTS 8.1 Window Bitmap Scan min/max ORDER BY LIMIT “ ” Seq Scan JPUG 2010 ※ ORM SQL JOIN 18
19.
VACUUM
VACUUM 8.2 8.3 9.0 8.4 autovacuum 8.3 VACUUM FULL 8.2 VACUUM 8.1 8.0 HOT 7.4 XID autovacuum REINDEX VACUUM XID JPUG 2010 19
20.
PostgreSQL is NoSQL!
Not Only SQL : SQL( ) ( / ) XML 9.1 (GIN) 9.0 8.4 SQL/MED (GiST) 8.3 JSON 8.2 6.0 FDW SQL JPUG 2010 20
21.
VACUUM
: 8.3 JPUG 2010 21
22.
PostgreSQL JPUG 2010
22
23.
PGCon 2010
2010 5 20 21 @ 150 ( ) 35 9.0 9.1 JPUG 2010 23
24.
PGCon2010
: Caixa Economica Federal ( ) 22,000 ATM, 7 / Enova Financial ( ) OLTP 1.3TB, 4000 / , 24 MySQL PostgreSQL + 9.0 PgMQ : Eventually Consistent Postgres-XC ACID JPUG 2010 24
25.
: 9.0
9.1 PostgreSQL 9.0 α ( : ) ?? PostgreSQL 9.1 ( , ) MERGE : UPDATE, INSERT REPLACE, UPSERT SQL “MERGE” Predicate Lock SE-PgSQL : , SQL/MED : , DB , JSON PGCon 2010 http://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/PgCon_2010_Developer_Meeting JPUG 2010 25
26.
: PostgreSQL
“ ” 1 RDBMS , DBMS MySQL SQL JPUG 2010 26
27.
PostgreSQL “9.0”
“ ” PostgreSQL 9.0 9.1 “ ” JPUG 2010 27
Notas del editor
それぞれのバージョンでのCPU1個での性能で正規化しているため、バージョンアップによる性能向上は見えていない。当然ながら、基本性能も向上し続けている。
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