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Supply Chain Strategy
Leveraging the backbone
of your business as a source
of competitive advantage
Content


Supply chain strategy                                4

Our core offerings                                   5
     Integrated profitability management             6
     Working capital optimisation                    8
     Supply chain planning                          10
     Sourcing & procurement                         11
     Supply chain network redesign & distribution   12
     Business model optimisation                    14
     Operational excellence                         16

Supply chain tools & methodologies                  18

Why Deloitte?                                       19

Contacts                                            20
Supply chain strategy


      From product development and sourcing through                  In the past, supply chain strategy has often been
      manufacturing and distribution, it has never been more         underestimated as a source of competitive advantage.
      important to have all the moving parts of the supply           Now, organisations are increasingly moving away
      chain synchronised. In an environment with increasing          from focusing their supply chain efforts on functional
      customer demands, smaller quantities, less inventory           excellence to leveraging their supply chain as a strategic
      and slack capacity and significantly higher levels of          capability.
      uncertainty than ever before, more and more businesses
      are rethinking their supply chain end-to-end.                  Not only have business leaders come to understand that
                                                                     their supply chain is the backbone of their business, it is
      This requires a top-down strategy supported by all roles       also considered as an enabler for their business strategy.
      that touch the supply chain – which is to say, everyone.       In times when customers have increasingly higher
      It also requires a commitment to developing the tools,         expectations and demands, supply chain agility and
      technologies, people and processes that move a supply          flexibility are key differentiators for gaining a competitive
      chain strategy from paper to reality.                          advantage.

      Rather than engineering tightly coupled and inert supply       When properly aligned, supply chain strategy is
      chains, which are prone to failure when meeting the            therefore not only about operationalising and
      future, supply chain leaders are tailoring their supply        supporting your business strategy; it is about leveraging
      chain to the rising tide of global uncertainty and             the backbone of your business as a source of
      business complexity.                                           competitive advantage.

      It is clear that uncertainty and volatility are here to stay
      and that supply chain leaders will have to define and
      implement strategies to manage the associated risks. As
      a result, supply chain strategy is paving its way to the
      top of corporate agendas.
Our core offerings


Not only have business leaders come to
understand that their supply chain is the
backbone of their business, it is also
considered as an enabler for their
business strategy.
With our Supply Chain Strategy service offering we            At Deloitte, we realise the importance of combining
assist our clients in organising and managing their           deep process and technology experience with practical
supply chain to optimise profit, cost, efficiency,            business strategy. With worldwide access to a highly
flexibility, reliability and customer satisfaction. We        ranked range of capabilities across consulting, financial
therefore support our clients with the development and        advisory services, tax and risk management, we take an
implementation of supply chain strategies and tactics by      integrated approach that helps us see ways companies
offering them subject matter expertise and knowledge          can use their supply chain operations to deliver more
on different subject areas ranging from the financial         value across the business.
supply chain (Integrated Profitability Management
and Working Capital Optimisation), Supply Chain               Putting the right supply chain strategy forward can be
Planning, Sourcing & Procurement, Network Redesign            a daunting task. In this paper, we’ll cut through the
& Distribution, Business Model Optimisation (BMO) and         clutter by breaking often complex supply chain strategy
Operational Excellence.                                       into bite-sized pieces. It zeroes in on things that really
                                                              matter—and gives an overview of services and solutions
                                                              that really work.
Deloitte’s supply chain strategy offerings



                        Integrated
                      Profitability &
                     Working Capital
                      Optimisation

      Operational                        Supply Chain
      Excellence                           Planning


                       Supply Chain
                         Strategy

      Business
                                          Sourcing &
       Model
                                         Procurement
     Optimisation

                         Network
                        Redesign &
                        Distribution




                                                           Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage   5
Integrated profitability management                            Fulfil), and selling (Cost-to-Sell), by using pragmatic
    Deloitte can help you in realising your objectives to          activity based costing principles in a supply chain and
    increase profit margins by focusing on cost reduction          commercial context.
    and revenue enhancement.
                                                                   At the inbound side of the supply chain, this cost
    From a cost perspective we will concentrate our                transparency could be called Cost-to-Own (or more
    efforts on reducing customer driven, internally driven         commonly known as Total Cost of Ownership), which is
    and supplier driven complexity. Our supply chain               an important lever to enhance cost efficiency and spend
    professionals can help your company with providing             at supplier level.
    Cost-to-Serve transparency in order to facilitate
    profitability and portfolio complexity decisions at the        From a revenue perspective we will positively impact
    granular level of products and customers. Cost-to-Serve        revenue enhancement or market share growth through
    in this respect is a collective term for methodologies         market and competition analyses, portfolio strategy,
    that reveal the true cost of processes and activities          pricing optimisation and increasing sales and marketing
    in manufacturing (Cost-to-Make), logistics (Cost-to-           analyses.


    Integrated profitability management


            Customer driven complexity
                                                                                         Internally driven complexity


          Customer                                          Company                                           Supplier


           Pricing


                                                Cost-to-Serve


                                 Cost-to-Sell            Cost-to-Fulfill          Cost-to-Make


                                                                                                               Spend


                                                                                     Cost-to-Own (TCO)


                                     Taking a granular perspective:
                improving profitability from a customer, product and supplier perspective

                                                                G&A


                                      Taking a functional and organisational perspective




6
Important subjects and tools are value-based                       For companies with average supply chain maturity,
management and value metrics, benchmarking, activity-              integrated Cost-to-Serve initiatives often show potential
based management, customer profitability analysis, cost            to improve absolute EBIT% margin with a range of an
management in supply chain relationships and balanced              additional 0,5% - 2,0%.
score cards.
                                                                   Businesses that invest in supply chain competences
In order to achieve sustained profits and a Return                 to ‘Provide Cost-to-Serve Transparency’ are leaders in
on Investment (ROI), this granular perspective will                an evolution towards a more advanced type of supply
be combined with a functional and organisational                   chain management in which business performance is
perspective, focusing on Enterprise Cost Management                improved by fine tuning the supply chain at a granular
and looking at processes, activities, and organisation.            level. It is a clear example of what is commonly referred
Both perspectives are depicted in the figure below.                to as ‘the Financial Supply Chain’, and constitutes a
                                                                   transformation to a more mature type of supply chain
Methodologies that align the supply chain at the                   function in the business, reaching out to, and facilitating
granular level (individual products and customers),                the business performance improvement dialogue with
probably comprise the biggest opportunity for profit and           the Finance and with the Sales & Marketing functions.
cash flow improvement. The rationale is that over time,
companies are adding significant amounts of complexity
in terms of products and service offering policies. Not
all of this complexity is being added in a profitable way.
Therefore, it is not uncommon to discover as a result of
a Cost-to-Serve initiative, that a significant portion of the
profit potential - ranging from 30%-50% - is eroded by
unprofitable products and offerings.




Profitability improvement perspectives

Granular Perspective                             Functional Perspective

       Customer                                                                                              Achieving
                                                    Enterprise Cost
     Profatibility /                                                                                      Sustained Profit
                                                   Management (ECM)
     Cost-to-Serve                                                                                            and ROI

Taking a granular perspective:                   Taking a functional and
improving profitability from a                    organisational perspective:
customer, product and supplier                   looking at processess,
perspective.                                     activities and organisation.




                                                                Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage   7
Working capital optimisation                                      Working capital represents the liquidity a business
                              In order to be ready for tomorrow’s new opportunities,            requires for day-to-day operation. It reflects the excess
                              businesses have to take action today. Businesses that             of current assets over liabilities, comprising of accounts
                              want to excel will need to have sufficient cash available         receivable and inventory minus accounts payable.
                              to get the most out of the presented occasions. One of            When improving working capital in the organisation,
                              the few remaining areas which can deliver significant             people must look beyond the boundaries of their own
                              cash to the business in a relatively short period of time         operational processes and understand drivers of cost
                              without a large restructuring program is working capital.         and complexity in the entire working capital chain: from
                                                                                                sales order processing to receivables.

                                                                                                By examining this cycle as a whole, inefficient areas
                                            Working                                             can be identified, processes optimised and cycle times
                                            Capital
                                                                                                reduced. Working capital opportunities are tackled by
                                                                                                a variety of improvements on three pillars: increasing
                                                                                                Days Payables Outstanding (DPO) and reducing Days
                                                                                                Inventory Outstanding (DIO) and Days Sales Outstanding
              Accounts                                                       Accounts           (DSO). Examples of key improvement levers are depicted
                                            Inventory
              Payable                                                       Receivable          in the figure below. A 360 degree view of the cycle
                                                                                                is pivotal in delivering an integrated approach to free
                                                                                                as much cash as possible in the short term and create
                                                                                                sustainable improvements in the long term.




Working capital improvement opportunities


    Receive                                                                       Working capital requirement
                                                    Cash out                                                                            Cash in
    invoice                                                                         Cash conversion cycle

          Goods                                                                                    Issue
                                      Pressure
         receiving                                                                                invoice

                            DPO                                                                                        DSO                      Pressure

                                                        DIO                                              Pressure
                     Days in             Days in                Days in
                                                                                     Days in
                  raw materials            WIP              finished goods
                                                                                     transit
                    inventory           inventory              inventory


      Days payables outstanding (DPO)                       Days inventory outstanding (DIO)                        Days sales outstanding (DSO)

• Extend payment terms, halt early                    • Review production strategy (where to                 • Improve collection process and overdue
  payments                                              deploy inventory) and planning policies                management
• Align payment term master data                        (MTO, MTS, SC decoupling)                            • Focus on quality of products and processes
• Optimise cash discounts against interest            • Review safety stock levels and re-order                (OTC) to ensure no barriers to timely
  gains                                                 points                                                 payment
• Exploit opportunities to defer tax & duty           • Reduce uncertainty in supply and demand              • Align and optimise payment terms across
  payments                                              (forecast accuracy, supply reliability, supply         territories and customers
                                                        lead times, change over times)                       • Optimise pricing structures, identify
                                                      • Reduce product portfolio complexity                    factoring opportunities


8
Making it visible, urgent, happen and stick                             insight on your working capital position and – maybe
Deloitte has developed a structured and collaborative                   even more important – to make it stick in your company.
approach consisting of 4 phases which jointly lead to                   This triggered Deloitte to develop a visual, highly
a successful implementation of sustainable Working                      interactive dashboard, which provides instant insight in
Capital Reduction (WCR) in the organisation.                            the most important working capital KPI’s down to detail
                                                                        level. The dashboard supports powerful “on-the-fly”
To ensure that WCR remains top of mind within                           analysis and navigation from top-level overview down
the organisation it is essential for supply chain,                      to transaction details. Our WCR Cashboard is easy to
manufacturing and sales & marketing to think like a                     use for any business executive and easily adjustable and
CFO. However, it has proven to be time-consuming,                       expandable to your company’s specific needs.
costly and often difficult to obtain a comprehensive

Working Capital Management

Make it Visible                                                                                                         Make it Urgent
• Understand Working Capital baseline                                                                                   • Perform what-if scenario analyses to identify
                                                                                   t i o n a n d Pe
• Understand maturity of existing process,                              an i s a                      op l                the most critical drivers of performance
                                                             Org                                             e
  technology, and organisational capabilities                                                                           • Identify opportunities based on root cause
• Perform transactional level analytics                                                                                   analysis
                                                                              ib l e
• Report Working Capital Performance                                   v is                          M                  • Define improvement initiatives outlining
                                                                  it                                  ak
                                                             e
                                                                                                                          rationale, key activities and risks
                                                        ak




                                                                               ss Proces
                                                                                                         e




                                                                           ine
                                                                                                             it
                                                       M




                                                                                        se
                                                                        us
                                                                                                                 u rg




                                                                                                                        • Define and launch quick hits
                                                                                                 ss
                                                                 B




                                                                                                                  ent




                                                                                                                        • Build improvement roadmap
                                                                                Working
Make it Stick
                                                                                Capital
• Set up benefits tracking tool / WC                                                                                     Make it Happen
                                                                                                 a
                                                   Ma


                                                                  In




                                                                                               at




  Dashboard (KPIs, information                                          or                       D                      • Identify and suggest structural changes on
                                                                       f




                                                                              ma
                                                                                   tio n a n d
                                                       ke




  requirements and reporting)
                                                                                                             n




                                                                                                                          WC based on prioritisation of initiatives and
                                                                                                        pe




                                                            st
                                                        it




• Secure ownership of changes in WC                              ic k                                   ap                roadmap
                                                                                                 it h
  management                                                                            M a ke                          • Finalise and refine roadmap in differentiating
• Track progress of initiative roll out team(s)                                                                           quick wins, tactical improvements and
  (program mgt)                                                  Te c                            l      s
                                                                      h    n o lo g y a n d To o                          strategic investments
• Determine key learning points and assess                                                                              • Address WC ownership
  possibilities for ongoing improvements                                                                                • Roll out pilot initiatives at target business units




                                                                        In order to be ready for tomorrow’s new
                                                                        opportunities, businesses have to take
                                                                        action today. Businesses that want to
                                                                        excel will need to have sufficient cash
                                                                        available to get the most out of the
                                                                        presented occasions.


                                                                 Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage       9
Supply chain planning                                       Because of our experience and global reach, we don’t
     It has never been more important to knit your complex       begin a project with a blank slate – rather, we know
     supply chain together. Good advanced supply chain           which improvement opportunities will drive most of
     planning can keep the pieces, and the numbers, in sync.     the necessary work. These opportunities, along with
     Working from a clear top-down plan, you can focus           relevant metrics & benchmarks, are captured in our
     and sequence your efforts – so that critical areas like     Deloitte Integrated Supply Chain (DISC) method. This
     demand forecasting and inventory planning get the           toolkit provides the foundation for designing leading
     attention they need to drive improvements elsewhere.        capabilities into your supply chain and accelerates the
                                                                 time to benefit.
     When forecasting works, roles and responsibilities can
     fall into place. When lines of communication are open,      Our services include the following areas:
     competing views of demand can be reconciled and             •	Supply	chain	planning	capability	assessment	and	
     news of change can reach the supply chain in time to          opportunity identification
     make a difference. When inventory planning works,           •	Integrated	supply	chain	planning	strategy,	vision	and	
     partners in the supply chain optimise all inventories –       conceptual design
     finished goods, critical components and raw materials       •	Supply	chain	planning	process,	technology	and	
     – to effectively meet and respond to demand. And while        organisation design covering the following areas:
     large-scale transformation is often important, short-term     - Sales and operations planning
     actions can often drive big gains in working capital too.     - Demand planning (including collaboration with
                                                                     customers)
     In supply chain planning, we work with clients to             - Product lifecycle planning
     develop strategies, define future solutions built on          - Supply planning (including collaboration with the
     leading capabilities and implement process and                  extended supply chain)
     technology solutions. We’re as strong in helping clients      - Inventory planning
     execute a plan as we are in crafting it.                      - Supply chain flexibility
                                                                   - Supply chain planning performance management

                                                                 We help transform our clients’ business, generating
                                                                 benefits such as:
                                                                 •	Reduced	inventory	levels	
                                                                 •	Improved	customer	service
                                                                 •	Reduced	cost	of	goods	sold
                                                                 •	Improved	forecasting	ability	&	responsiveness
                                                                 •	Reduced	planning	cycle	times




10
Sourcing & procurement                                           Supplier management
Our supply chain service assists our clients across all          Active supplier management is an integral part of
industries, private or public, to develop and implement          strategic sourcing. Organisations are increasingly moving
strategies, tactics and infrastructures both within their        away from the traditional approach of selecting the
own organisation and also across their extended supply           “lowest cost supplier” to a “total cost of ownership”
chain of customers and suppliers.                                approach. This approach presupposes extensive
                                                                 knowledge of supplier performance and its impact on
A strategic approach to procurement is proven                    enterprise operations.
to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of
organisation’s operations as well as saving revenue              Procurement optimisation
through effective sourcing, transaction cost reductions          In procurement optimisation, the main focus is on
and standardised procurement processes. Sourcing                 transactional efficiency and on squeezing process-related
refers to the value added process of selecting suppliers         costs and inefficiencies throughout the purchasing cycle
and the respective cooperation scheme. It must                   that begins with the identification of the need for the
be supported by advanced analytics and market                    material / service and end with its receipt. Best practices
intelligence, supplier performance information and a             suggest that the procurement process should be as lean
concrete and well-developed strategy. On the other               as possible.
hand, procurement refers to the transactional aspect of
the relationship and should be streamlined as much as
possible in order to achieve efficiency.

Deloitte can provide its clients with an integrated
approach incorporating spend analysis, strategic
sourcing, supplier management as well as procurement
optimisation.

Spend analysis
Before implementing any sourcing & procurement
initiatives, it is very important to analyse past, current
and projected spending patterns. The analysis must
span the entire enterprise and include data that is often
collected from various departments and locations.
Such an analysis of direct and indirect spend gives
the company the information and decision-support
required to develop supply strategies that are aligned
with the objectives of the organisation and to identify
and prioritise sourcing & procurement improvement
initiatives.

Strategic sourcing
The overall goal of strategic sourcing is to achieve
large and sustainable cost reductions, long-term supply
stability and minimisation of supply risk. The strategies
to achieve such goals can be as wide as rationalising
supplier base, leveraging spending across departments,
business units and geographical regions, reconfiguring
supply specifications, and / or developing strategic
partnerships / alliances with selected suppliers.




                                                             Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage   11
Supply chain network redesign & distribution                    Change can be due to a number of trends. The
     Supply chain network design aims to analyse and design          network might erode because of a shift in the customer
     the infrastructure of the supply chain network (inbound,        base or the business model might change because
     production and outbound) which fits the supply chain            of an increased focus on sustainability. Mergers
     strategy. The aim is to optimise both the level of service      and acquisitions might bring along new plants and
     towards your customers as well as cost of the supply chain.     warehouses. Or perhaps, new products and markets
                                                                     might lead to expansion of the network and an
     Most supply chains are a result of legacy operations            increased complexity. The combined effect of these
     and strategic choices, not designed to drive value for an       changes may significantly impact the efficiency of the
     organisation in the future. Whilst these supply chains          supply chain network and lead to a number of signals
     are sometimes “good enough”, the rapidly changing               for improvement.
     business environment and growing complexity of many
     businesses and their supply chain networks make a
     strong case to step back, define and then implement
     the optimal network configuration and operational
     characteristics. No network lasts forever as the only
     constant is change.


     Signals for network improvement


      Erosion

      •	Shifting	customer	base,	volumes,	product	mix
      •		 hanges	in	labor	cost,	tariffs,	duties,	currency	exchange
        C

      Expansion & increased complexity

      •		 ew	products,	markets,	geographies
        N
      •		 upplier	changes
        S
      •		 ompetitive	dynamics	with	impact	on	product	and	service	offering	policies
        C

      Acquisitions

      •		 ergers	and	acquisitions
        M
      •		 ew	plants,	new	warehouses,	new	customers
        N

      Business model changes

      •		 ake	or	Buy	and	outsourcing	opportunities
        M
      •		 hanges	in	technology	or	organisation
        C
      •		ntegration	or	regionalisation	of	supply	chain	functions
        I
      •		 ustainability	and	Corporate	Social	Responsibility
        S

      Costs
      •	High,	and	above	average,	overall	distribution	cost	structure	




12
Besides determining the physical aspects of the future             profitable revenue growth, increased operating margin
 network, there are a number of other considerations                and increased asset turns. This balancing exercise
 that will influence its design. Growth expectations,               can prove to be daunting as network challenges
 global or regional sales and brands, centralisation                occur at every stage along the supply chain. A single
 of planning, political stability, location of contract             decision often sub-optimises another objective. All
 manufacturers and tax considerations are only a few of             in all, typical challenges for a network optimissation
 the aspects to take into account in the network design.            project are conflicting objectives and an ever changing
                                                                    environment.
 A network optimisation is a modelling-led activity that
 defines the physical ‘shape’ and high-level operational            Dependent on company objectives and constraints, a
 characteristics of a distribution network. It is different         network design study can be used for different sections
 to operational modelling in that it looks over a longer            of the supply chain like upstream, downstream, or
 time horizon (3-5 years) to provide answers to key                 product segments. After analysing the current network
 strategic questions. It helps organisations create a robust        and both defining and implementing the optimal supply
 solution that balances all of the strategic objectives,            chain network, we have realised up to 10% to 15%
 while considering all constraints and inputs to drive              reductions in operating costs for our clients.




 Network optimisation challenges
                                               Increase Shareholder Value



             Revenue Growth                                  Asset Turns                                    Operating Margin




           Provide Differentiated     Improve Working                        Increase Fixed                      Reduce
             Customer Service         Capital Utilisation                   Asset Utilisation             Enterprise-wide Costs




                                                                                                         Marketing strategy
                 Competitors
                                                                                                           and portfolio


                                                                        Co-locate capacity to               Supply chain
            Market developments       Minimise Inventory
                                                                      increase responsiveness              planning model
                                    Reduce no. of suppliers
External




                                                                                                                                  Internal




                                                                       Serve more profitable
                Duties & taxes                                           customers better                    Social impact
                                       Maximise asset
                                      utilisation at sites
                                                                           Decrease lead times
                                                                                                        Organisational model
                Different costs           Minimise
                                                                             100% customer
              between countries      transportation costs
                                                                               satisfaction
                                                                                                                    IT


                 Legal issues                                                                             Working methods




                                                                Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage   13
Business model optimisation                                                     As soon as businesses become more mature, in
     With our Business Model Optimisation offering, we                               environments with less growth, they start concentrating
     look at a company’s value chain to optimise the primary                         on other shareholder value creation levers such as
     value creating activities in R&D, procurement, planning                         asset efficiency and operating margin. In this more
     and manufacturing, sales and distribution and after sales                       mature stage, the more integrated, centralised and
     service.                                                                        functionalised operating models are favourable.

     By taking a multi-country, very often regional or even a                        Supply chain transformation initiatives are a proven
     global perspective, we align organisation and processes,                        way of reducing operational costs and increasing
     and optimise the way resources are deployed, decisions                          profits. Most successful companies have gained a
     are made and how the business goes to market.                                   competitive advantage by applying continuous supply
     Companies in the early stages of their lifecycle,                               chain improvements. These have resulted in streamlined
     with growth abundantly available, tend to focus on                              processes, reduced stock levels, shorter lead times,
     establishing their footprint in the market. For these                           better asset utilisation, improved productivity and better
     businesses, the more decentralised and entrepreneurial                          service levels.
     business models are favourable.




                                        R&D and                                                                    Sales &




                                                                                                                                           Revenu Growth
                                                            Purchasing        Manufacturing     Distribution
                                        Marketing                                                                  Service


                                                   Integration of business functions in the primary value chain
      Shareholder Value Creation




                                                                                                                                           Operating Margin
                                                             Central
                                                                               Mfg & Planning          Sales & Distribution
                                      IP company          Procurement
                                                                                Entrepreneur               Entrepreneur
                                                          Entrepreneur                                                                     Asset Efficiency




                                   Support functions: support the activities of the primary value chain

                                      Finance             HR             IT

                                   (e.g. shared service operations)




14
But many of these projects fall short of their potential            Business Model Optimisation initiatives do not
to leverage additional shareholder value. Why? Often                necessarily have to be undertaken comprising the
they only invest in deep operational improvements, but              complete supply chain in aggregate. In practice we find
ignore broader issues, such as structural tax planning. Or          constellations ranging from a procurement entrepreneur
they focus on pre-tax gains instead of after-tax returns.           over a supply chain company to a full principal including
Other companies concentrate on reducing the tax                     the R&D, IP and intangibles.
burden on their current operating model. But because
these tactical approaches do not automatically follow               Deloitte’s Business Model Optimisation (BMO) services
a rise in profits, they are not effective in offsetting the         focus on helping multinational companies integrate
marginal tax impact of new income.                                  their operational and tax planning in a scalable and
                                                                    sustainable way to help business leaders make more
Achieving world-class supply chain performance requires             effective decisions on an after-tax basis.
an integrated approach, where companies not only
benefit from their operational improvements, but also
retain more of their additional earnings. This can be
facilitated by taking tax into account from the outset of
the supply chain planning.



                       Current Model                                                 Central Entrepreneur Model
           Value Add allocation                                                                   Value Add allocation




                                                                      Third party
                                                                       Suppliers


 Third party                                                                                            Central
  Suppliers                                                                                           Entrepeneur
                                  Regional BG/BU                                     Regional BG/BU                        National
               Manufacturing       Management     National             Manufac-       Management                          Sales Office
                  Sites                Costs     Sales Office          turing Sites        Costs                          Stripped Risk



                                                   Profit and Tax Implications

    Before                                                                 After

                                                                                               Additional
                                              Concentrating                   Profit ROW        Profit                   Exponential
                                                  significant                                                           and
                                           people functions,                                                           synergistic
       Profit ROW                                 assets, risk                                                          profit
                                               management                                                              increases
                                              and value add
                                            with the central                 Profit Central
                           Tax ROW                                                               Tax Savings
      Profit Central                            entrepreneur
                          Tax Central                                                            Tax Central

    *ROW= Rest of the World




                                                                Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage   15
Operational excellence                                        Over the past decades, LSS has grown from a method
     When businesses are maturing and going through the            used on the shop floor in manufacturing industries to
     different phases of their lifecycle, value creation efforts   the entire supply chain, to service industries such as
     are increasingly being made on improving operating            healthcare and financial services, and even in the back
     margins and asset efficiency. On the road to enhanced         office for managing IT and human resources.
     business performance, these businesses strive for
     operational excellence.                                       By combining the principles of ‘Lean’ and Six Sigma,
                                                                   both waste and variation (defects) can be eliminated
     Lean Six Sigma (LSS) is a structured and proven               in product or service processes. Process inefficiencies
     performance improvement methodology, which focuses            or variations are identified using such tools as Value
     on eliminating waste by improving cost efficiency,            Stream Mapping or by calculating process capability.
     quality and reliability, and compliance safety. LSS is a      Having identified improvement opportunities, solutions
     business performance improvement program, which               can include increasing capacity through the application
     combines focus on the customer with a structured,             of Overall Equipment Effectiveness or enhancing
     data-driven approach, leading to measurable                   equipment uptime through the introduction of Total
     improvements.                                                 Productive Maintenance. However, these tools and
                                                                   techniques used for performance management are
                                                                   only some, but not all, critical success factors of lean
                                                                   transformations.


     Lean Six Sigma in the Lifecycle of the Business



                                              Revenue              • First mover in the market
                                              Growth               • Establish market footprint




              Value                                                            Lean
             Creation                                                           Six
                                                                              Sigma




                                              Operating
                                               Margin              •   Cost efficiency
                                                                   •   Quality and Reliability
                                                                   •   Compliance safety/environment
                                                                   •   Customer Focus
                                               Asset
                                             Efficiency




16
Not only do business leaders need to understand their            We see that especially this culture shift creates a flow of
business priorities (quality, cost reduction, flexibility,       continuous improvement, which enables organisations
asset utilisation) and align their operational excellence        to continuously achieve successes in lowering costs
strategy accordingly, they also need to develop business         and enhancing customer’s experience by improving
transformation capabilities such as portfolio, program           efficiency, quality and lead time. The combination
and project management. These include creating                   of Lean Six Sigma with integrated performance
transparency regarding the projects portfolio on site            measurement enables organisations to further monitor
level, aligning projects with the site objectives and            the improvements and control the process performance.
making the right choice when prioritising investments.
The journey towards operational excellence requires              As the world’s leading supply chain consulting firm1,                                                               1 Source: Kennedy Consulting
strong leadership to drive projects and to embed change          Deloitte can not only help you to achieve operational                                                                 Research & Advisory;
                                                                                                                                                                                       Supply Chain Management
in a culture of entrepreneurship and accountability.             excellence by supporting your employees in the Lean Six                                                               Consulting Marketplace
                                                                 Sigma approach and implementation, but also to create                                                                 2010-2013
 Although buy-in from top management is critical, all            the necessary preconditions to translate this operational
of the organisation’s employees play an important part           excellence into enhanced business performance. We
in these improvements as the architects of the new               have a large number of Black Belts and Green Belts
process. This makes Lean Six Sigma more than just a set          that can help your organisation to transform processes
of improvement tools, but also a way to create a culture         in a variety of industries including healthcare, financial
shift of the organisation as it provides the opportunity         services, local government, energy and manufacturing
to create a common language in the business around               industries.
performance improvement, and to create a platform for
leadership and talent development. LSS is more than a
methodology: it is a way of thinking.
                                                                 How to translate an operational excellence strategy into
                                                                 enhanced business performance?


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                                                             Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage                                                17
Supply chain tools &
methodologies

      Within Deloitte, we have a wide variety of tools and           Here are some example supply chain metrics following
      methodologies to execute complex supply chain                  the strategy/plan/source/make/deliver process taxonomy:
      transformations. A primary example is our Deloitte             •	Strategy: Metrics surrounding the creation and
      Integrated Supply Chain (DISC) method, which serves as           management of the overall supply chain strategy,
      a focal point for the supply chain practice area across          including defining the organisation, establishing the
      global boundaries and provides a common language for             budget, management oversight and the performance
      large-scale, global supply chain engagements. Our DISC           achieved by the overall supply chain network.
      method is based on the Supply Chain Council SCOR®              •	Plan: Metrics driving customer service and working
      model and enhanced for a more holistic approach,                 capital (including inventory levels across the supply
      integrating our supply chain-related offerings across            chain) and address the functions of demand planning,
      each of the Strategy & Operations, Technology, and               supply planning, inventory management, distribution
      Human Capital service lines. Other tools include our             requirements planning.
      Supply Chain Shareholder Value Map, IndustryPrint,             •	Source: Metrics on procurement effectiveness and
      CategoryPrintsTM and Lean Six Sigma.                             efficiency — strategic sourcing, operations and
                                                                       management of suppliers, contracts and commodities.
      Furthermore, Deloitte has established a Global                 •	Make: Metrics on cost and staffing around
      Benchmarking Center (GBC) to provide executives with             manufacturing — production, material availability,
      industry-relevant metrics and insight. Relevant supply           quality assurance, maintenance, sanitation and
      chain data — gathered through benchmarking — can                 engineering.
      help provide executives with the context they need             •	Deliver/Return: Metrics on cost and staffing levels for
      to identify and prioritise improvement opportunities.            order fulfillment, logistics, distribution, transportation
      Through benchmarking, executives gain fact-based                 and returns/recalls.
      measures across different dimensions of performance,
      such as cost, quality, cycle time and customer service.
      Our supply chain benchmarks are particularly robust in
      client data from product industries (consumer business,
      process manufacturing and discrete manufacturing).



      Deloitte Integrated Supply Chain (DISC) method

           Develop               Plan              Source                  Make               Deliver             Returns




            Product          Supply Chain        Sourcing &           Manufacturing         Logistics &       Reverse Logistics
         Innovation &          Planning         Procurement            Operations           Distribution
         Development

                                                                Strategy
                                                                Process
                                                            Technology
                                                       People/organisation
                                                   Performance management




18
Why Deloitte?


We help clients in their efforts to deliver more value at        In summary, we offer leading edge supply chain advice
every step across their end-to-end supply chains – from          to both the public and private sectors and can assist
design and planning through sourcing, manufacturing,             in undertaking all aspects of strategic and tactical
delivery and return. We do this by helping to define a           assessment, design and implementation to improve your
global supply chain strategy that not only aligns with a         supply chain operations.
company’s overall business strategy, but also provides a
playbook and roadmap for execution.                              Our approach focuses on analysing our client’s supply
                                                                 chain along three major dimensions: its business value
The supply chain has always been important; today it             from both financial and customer standpoints, the
is critical. We understand the pressures and problems            components and capabilities of its management and
faced by managing the complexities of the supply chain.          the leadership alignment and infrastructure to support
Our teams are equipped with the experience and skills            organisational change.
required to tailor our services to meet the specific needs
of our clients.




 Key lessons we’ve learned along the way                           Some industries are ahead of others, and you
                                                                   could be among the first to “import” a proven
 Consider cross-functional impacts.                                leading practice.
 Supply chain strategy is about more than just
 operations. It also calls finance, HR, tax and other              Focus on information, not inventory.
 functions to the table. For example, you can’t                    Your customers have custom requirements. To
 weigh the outcome of moving some operations                       the extent possible, learn to assemble and deliver
 to another country without considering the tax                    rather than to build, warehouse and sell. Even if
 implications. Every department brings a useful                    this strategy applies only to the marginal “tail”
 perspective and set of values.                                    SKUs and not your “A-movers,” it can enhance
                                                                   your reputation for responsiveness. Last-minute
 Stay flexible and balanced.                                       customisation isn’t just for cars and PCs anymore.
 An over-investment in fixed assets or fixed
 capacity can pin you down. An under-investment                    Embrace sustainability.
 can leave you unable to meet pressing demand.                     Not only is it here to stay, but green management
 The right mix of in-house and third-party assets                  is like green food: good for you. Make a serious
 – of fixed and variable costs – can provide                       effort to integrate sustainability into your
 necessary agility.                                                supply chain strategy instead of tinkering on the
                                                                   margins – or worse, treating it like as PR gambit
 Take a broad view of benchmarks.                                  with no substance to back it up.
 There may be lessons worth learning outside
 your immediate industry or sector.




                                                             Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage   19
Contacts
In case you want to know more about this topic, please do not hesitate to contact us:
Stefan Van Thienen                    Paul Delesalle                         Kobe Naesens                          Isabelle Hautecourt
Partner                               Director                               Manager                               Manager
+ 32 476 22 01 03                     + 32 476 49 50 08                      + 32 475 30 07 44                     + 32 473 30 27 85
svanthienen@deloitte.com              pdelesalle@deloitte.com                knaesens@deloitte.com                 ihautecourt@deloitte.com



For more info on this topic, you can find us on the web:

      www.deloitte.com/be/supply-chain-strategy                              Deloitte Supply Chain Strategy website

      Deloitte – Supply Chain Strategy                                       LinkedIn professional group




Deloitte refers to one or more of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, a UK private company limited by guarantee, and its network of member
firms, each of which is a legally separate and independent entity. Please see www.deloitte.com/ about for a detailed description of the legal
structure of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited and its member firms.

Deloitte provides audit, tax, consulting, and financial advisory services to public and private clients spanning multiple industries. With a globally
connected network of member firms in more than 150 countries, Deloitte brings world-class capabilities and deep local expertise to help
clients succeed wherever they operate. Deloitte’s approximately 170,000 professionals are committed to becoming the standard of excellence.

This publication contains general information only, and none of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, its member firms, or their related entities
(collectively, the “Deloitte Network”) is, by means of this publication, rendering professional advice or services. Before making any decision or
taking any action that may affect your finances or your business, you should consult a qualified professional adviser. No entity in the Deloitte
Network shall be responsible for any loss whatsoever sustained by any person who relies on this publication.

© June 2011 Deloitte Consulting
Designed and produced by the Creative Studio at Deloitte, Belgium.

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Deloitte - Supply Chain Strategy

  • 1. Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage
  • 2.
  • 3. Content Supply chain strategy 4 Our core offerings 5 Integrated profitability management 6 Working capital optimisation 8 Supply chain planning 10 Sourcing & procurement 11 Supply chain network redesign & distribution 12 Business model optimisation 14 Operational excellence 16 Supply chain tools & methodologies 18 Why Deloitte? 19 Contacts 20
  • 4. Supply chain strategy From product development and sourcing through In the past, supply chain strategy has often been manufacturing and distribution, it has never been more underestimated as a source of competitive advantage. important to have all the moving parts of the supply Now, organisations are increasingly moving away chain synchronised. In an environment with increasing from focusing their supply chain efforts on functional customer demands, smaller quantities, less inventory excellence to leveraging their supply chain as a strategic and slack capacity and significantly higher levels of capability. uncertainty than ever before, more and more businesses are rethinking their supply chain end-to-end. Not only have business leaders come to understand that their supply chain is the backbone of their business, it is This requires a top-down strategy supported by all roles also considered as an enabler for their business strategy. that touch the supply chain – which is to say, everyone. In times when customers have increasingly higher It also requires a commitment to developing the tools, expectations and demands, supply chain agility and technologies, people and processes that move a supply flexibility are key differentiators for gaining a competitive chain strategy from paper to reality. advantage. Rather than engineering tightly coupled and inert supply When properly aligned, supply chain strategy is chains, which are prone to failure when meeting the therefore not only about operationalising and future, supply chain leaders are tailoring their supply supporting your business strategy; it is about leveraging chain to the rising tide of global uncertainty and the backbone of your business as a source of business complexity. competitive advantage. It is clear that uncertainty and volatility are here to stay and that supply chain leaders will have to define and implement strategies to manage the associated risks. As a result, supply chain strategy is paving its way to the top of corporate agendas.
  • 5. Our core offerings Not only have business leaders come to understand that their supply chain is the backbone of their business, it is also considered as an enabler for their business strategy. With our Supply Chain Strategy service offering we At Deloitte, we realise the importance of combining assist our clients in organising and managing their deep process and technology experience with practical supply chain to optimise profit, cost, efficiency, business strategy. With worldwide access to a highly flexibility, reliability and customer satisfaction. We ranked range of capabilities across consulting, financial therefore support our clients with the development and advisory services, tax and risk management, we take an implementation of supply chain strategies and tactics by integrated approach that helps us see ways companies offering them subject matter expertise and knowledge can use their supply chain operations to deliver more on different subject areas ranging from the financial value across the business. supply chain (Integrated Profitability Management and Working Capital Optimisation), Supply Chain Putting the right supply chain strategy forward can be Planning, Sourcing & Procurement, Network Redesign a daunting task. In this paper, we’ll cut through the & Distribution, Business Model Optimisation (BMO) and clutter by breaking often complex supply chain strategy Operational Excellence. into bite-sized pieces. It zeroes in on things that really matter—and gives an overview of services and solutions that really work. Deloitte’s supply chain strategy offerings Integrated Profitability & Working Capital Optimisation Operational Supply Chain Excellence Planning Supply Chain Strategy Business Sourcing & Model Procurement Optimisation Network Redesign & Distribution Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage 5
  • 6. Integrated profitability management Fulfil), and selling (Cost-to-Sell), by using pragmatic Deloitte can help you in realising your objectives to activity based costing principles in a supply chain and increase profit margins by focusing on cost reduction commercial context. and revenue enhancement. At the inbound side of the supply chain, this cost From a cost perspective we will concentrate our transparency could be called Cost-to-Own (or more efforts on reducing customer driven, internally driven commonly known as Total Cost of Ownership), which is and supplier driven complexity. Our supply chain an important lever to enhance cost efficiency and spend professionals can help your company with providing at supplier level. Cost-to-Serve transparency in order to facilitate profitability and portfolio complexity decisions at the From a revenue perspective we will positively impact granular level of products and customers. Cost-to-Serve revenue enhancement or market share growth through in this respect is a collective term for methodologies market and competition analyses, portfolio strategy, that reveal the true cost of processes and activities pricing optimisation and increasing sales and marketing in manufacturing (Cost-to-Make), logistics (Cost-to- analyses. Integrated profitability management Customer driven complexity Internally driven complexity Customer Company Supplier Pricing Cost-to-Serve Cost-to-Sell Cost-to-Fulfill Cost-to-Make Spend Cost-to-Own (TCO) Taking a granular perspective: improving profitability from a customer, product and supplier perspective G&A Taking a functional and organisational perspective 6
  • 7. Important subjects and tools are value-based For companies with average supply chain maturity, management and value metrics, benchmarking, activity- integrated Cost-to-Serve initiatives often show potential based management, customer profitability analysis, cost to improve absolute EBIT% margin with a range of an management in supply chain relationships and balanced additional 0,5% - 2,0%. score cards. Businesses that invest in supply chain competences In order to achieve sustained profits and a Return to ‘Provide Cost-to-Serve Transparency’ are leaders in on Investment (ROI), this granular perspective will an evolution towards a more advanced type of supply be combined with a functional and organisational chain management in which business performance is perspective, focusing on Enterprise Cost Management improved by fine tuning the supply chain at a granular and looking at processes, activities, and organisation. level. It is a clear example of what is commonly referred Both perspectives are depicted in the figure below. to as ‘the Financial Supply Chain’, and constitutes a transformation to a more mature type of supply chain Methodologies that align the supply chain at the function in the business, reaching out to, and facilitating granular level (individual products and customers), the business performance improvement dialogue with probably comprise the biggest opportunity for profit and the Finance and with the Sales & Marketing functions. cash flow improvement. The rationale is that over time, companies are adding significant amounts of complexity in terms of products and service offering policies. Not all of this complexity is being added in a profitable way. Therefore, it is not uncommon to discover as a result of a Cost-to-Serve initiative, that a significant portion of the profit potential - ranging from 30%-50% - is eroded by unprofitable products and offerings. Profitability improvement perspectives Granular Perspective Functional Perspective Customer Achieving Enterprise Cost Profatibility / Sustained Profit Management (ECM) Cost-to-Serve and ROI Taking a granular perspective: Taking a functional and improving profitability from a organisational perspective: customer, product and supplier looking at processess, perspective. activities and organisation. Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage 7
  • 8. Working capital optimisation Working capital represents the liquidity a business In order to be ready for tomorrow’s new opportunities, requires for day-to-day operation. It reflects the excess businesses have to take action today. Businesses that of current assets over liabilities, comprising of accounts want to excel will need to have sufficient cash available receivable and inventory minus accounts payable. to get the most out of the presented occasions. One of When improving working capital in the organisation, the few remaining areas which can deliver significant people must look beyond the boundaries of their own cash to the business in a relatively short period of time operational processes and understand drivers of cost without a large restructuring program is working capital. and complexity in the entire working capital chain: from sales order processing to receivables. By examining this cycle as a whole, inefficient areas Working can be identified, processes optimised and cycle times Capital reduced. Working capital opportunities are tackled by a variety of improvements on three pillars: increasing Days Payables Outstanding (DPO) and reducing Days Inventory Outstanding (DIO) and Days Sales Outstanding Accounts Accounts (DSO). Examples of key improvement levers are depicted Inventory Payable Receivable in the figure below. A 360 degree view of the cycle is pivotal in delivering an integrated approach to free as much cash as possible in the short term and create sustainable improvements in the long term. Working capital improvement opportunities Receive Working capital requirement Cash out Cash in invoice Cash conversion cycle Goods Issue Pressure receiving invoice DPO DSO Pressure DIO Pressure Days in Days in Days in Days in raw materials WIP finished goods transit inventory inventory inventory Days payables outstanding (DPO) Days inventory outstanding (DIO) Days sales outstanding (DSO) • Extend payment terms, halt early • Review production strategy (where to • Improve collection process and overdue payments deploy inventory) and planning policies management • Align payment term master data (MTO, MTS, SC decoupling) • Focus on quality of products and processes • Optimise cash discounts against interest • Review safety stock levels and re-order (OTC) to ensure no barriers to timely gains points payment • Exploit opportunities to defer tax & duty • Reduce uncertainty in supply and demand • Align and optimise payment terms across payments (forecast accuracy, supply reliability, supply territories and customers lead times, change over times) • Optimise pricing structures, identify • Reduce product portfolio complexity factoring opportunities 8
  • 9. Making it visible, urgent, happen and stick insight on your working capital position and – maybe Deloitte has developed a structured and collaborative even more important – to make it stick in your company. approach consisting of 4 phases which jointly lead to This triggered Deloitte to develop a visual, highly a successful implementation of sustainable Working interactive dashboard, which provides instant insight in Capital Reduction (WCR) in the organisation. the most important working capital KPI’s down to detail level. The dashboard supports powerful “on-the-fly” To ensure that WCR remains top of mind within analysis and navigation from top-level overview down the organisation it is essential for supply chain, to transaction details. Our WCR Cashboard is easy to manufacturing and sales & marketing to think like a use for any business executive and easily adjustable and CFO. However, it has proven to be time-consuming, expandable to your company’s specific needs. costly and often difficult to obtain a comprehensive Working Capital Management Make it Visible Make it Urgent • Understand Working Capital baseline • Perform what-if scenario analyses to identify t i o n a n d Pe • Understand maturity of existing process, an i s a op l the most critical drivers of performance Org e technology, and organisational capabilities • Identify opportunities based on root cause • Perform transactional level analytics analysis ib l e • Report Working Capital Performance v is M • Define improvement initiatives outlining it ak e rationale, key activities and risks ak ss Proces e ine it M se us u rg • Define and launch quick hits ss B ent • Build improvement roadmap Working Make it Stick Capital • Set up benefits tracking tool / WC Make it Happen a Ma In at Dashboard (KPIs, information or D • Identify and suggest structural changes on f ma tio n a n d ke requirements and reporting) n WC based on prioritisation of initiatives and pe st it • Secure ownership of changes in WC ic k ap roadmap it h management M a ke • Finalise and refine roadmap in differentiating • Track progress of initiative roll out team(s) quick wins, tactical improvements and (program mgt) Te c l s h n o lo g y a n d To o strategic investments • Determine key learning points and assess • Address WC ownership possibilities for ongoing improvements • Roll out pilot initiatives at target business units In order to be ready for tomorrow’s new opportunities, businesses have to take action today. Businesses that want to excel will need to have sufficient cash available to get the most out of the presented occasions. Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage 9
  • 10. Supply chain planning Because of our experience and global reach, we don’t It has never been more important to knit your complex begin a project with a blank slate – rather, we know supply chain together. Good advanced supply chain which improvement opportunities will drive most of planning can keep the pieces, and the numbers, in sync. the necessary work. These opportunities, along with Working from a clear top-down plan, you can focus relevant metrics & benchmarks, are captured in our and sequence your efforts – so that critical areas like Deloitte Integrated Supply Chain (DISC) method. This demand forecasting and inventory planning get the toolkit provides the foundation for designing leading attention they need to drive improvements elsewhere. capabilities into your supply chain and accelerates the time to benefit. When forecasting works, roles and responsibilities can fall into place. When lines of communication are open, Our services include the following areas: competing views of demand can be reconciled and • Supply chain planning capability assessment and news of change can reach the supply chain in time to opportunity identification make a difference. When inventory planning works, • Integrated supply chain planning strategy, vision and partners in the supply chain optimise all inventories – conceptual design finished goods, critical components and raw materials • Supply chain planning process, technology and – to effectively meet and respond to demand. And while organisation design covering the following areas: large-scale transformation is often important, short-term - Sales and operations planning actions can often drive big gains in working capital too. - Demand planning (including collaboration with customers) In supply chain planning, we work with clients to - Product lifecycle planning develop strategies, define future solutions built on - Supply planning (including collaboration with the leading capabilities and implement process and extended supply chain) technology solutions. We’re as strong in helping clients - Inventory planning execute a plan as we are in crafting it. - Supply chain flexibility - Supply chain planning performance management We help transform our clients’ business, generating benefits such as: • Reduced inventory levels • Improved customer service • Reduced cost of goods sold • Improved forecasting ability & responsiveness • Reduced planning cycle times 10
  • 11. Sourcing & procurement Supplier management Our supply chain service assists our clients across all Active supplier management is an integral part of industries, private or public, to develop and implement strategic sourcing. Organisations are increasingly moving strategies, tactics and infrastructures both within their away from the traditional approach of selecting the own organisation and also across their extended supply “lowest cost supplier” to a “total cost of ownership” chain of customers and suppliers. approach. This approach presupposes extensive knowledge of supplier performance and its impact on A strategic approach to procurement is proven enterprise operations. to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of organisation’s operations as well as saving revenue Procurement optimisation through effective sourcing, transaction cost reductions In procurement optimisation, the main focus is on and standardised procurement processes. Sourcing transactional efficiency and on squeezing process-related refers to the value added process of selecting suppliers costs and inefficiencies throughout the purchasing cycle and the respective cooperation scheme. It must that begins with the identification of the need for the be supported by advanced analytics and market material / service and end with its receipt. Best practices intelligence, supplier performance information and a suggest that the procurement process should be as lean concrete and well-developed strategy. On the other as possible. hand, procurement refers to the transactional aspect of the relationship and should be streamlined as much as possible in order to achieve efficiency. Deloitte can provide its clients with an integrated approach incorporating spend analysis, strategic sourcing, supplier management as well as procurement optimisation. Spend analysis Before implementing any sourcing & procurement initiatives, it is very important to analyse past, current and projected spending patterns. The analysis must span the entire enterprise and include data that is often collected from various departments and locations. Such an analysis of direct and indirect spend gives the company the information and decision-support required to develop supply strategies that are aligned with the objectives of the organisation and to identify and prioritise sourcing & procurement improvement initiatives. Strategic sourcing The overall goal of strategic sourcing is to achieve large and sustainable cost reductions, long-term supply stability and minimisation of supply risk. The strategies to achieve such goals can be as wide as rationalising supplier base, leveraging spending across departments, business units and geographical regions, reconfiguring supply specifications, and / or developing strategic partnerships / alliances with selected suppliers. Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage 11
  • 12. Supply chain network redesign & distribution Change can be due to a number of trends. The Supply chain network design aims to analyse and design network might erode because of a shift in the customer the infrastructure of the supply chain network (inbound, base or the business model might change because production and outbound) which fits the supply chain of an increased focus on sustainability. Mergers strategy. The aim is to optimise both the level of service and acquisitions might bring along new plants and towards your customers as well as cost of the supply chain. warehouses. Or perhaps, new products and markets might lead to expansion of the network and an Most supply chains are a result of legacy operations increased complexity. The combined effect of these and strategic choices, not designed to drive value for an changes may significantly impact the efficiency of the organisation in the future. Whilst these supply chains supply chain network and lead to a number of signals are sometimes “good enough”, the rapidly changing for improvement. business environment and growing complexity of many businesses and their supply chain networks make a strong case to step back, define and then implement the optimal network configuration and operational characteristics. No network lasts forever as the only constant is change. Signals for network improvement Erosion • Shifting customer base, volumes, product mix • hanges in labor cost, tariffs, duties, currency exchange C Expansion & increased complexity • ew products, markets, geographies N • upplier changes S • ompetitive dynamics with impact on product and service offering policies C Acquisitions • ergers and acquisitions M • ew plants, new warehouses, new customers N Business model changes • ake or Buy and outsourcing opportunities M • hanges in technology or organisation C • ntegration or regionalisation of supply chain functions I • ustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility S Costs • High, and above average, overall distribution cost structure 12
  • 13. Besides determining the physical aspects of the future profitable revenue growth, increased operating margin network, there are a number of other considerations and increased asset turns. This balancing exercise that will influence its design. Growth expectations, can prove to be daunting as network challenges global or regional sales and brands, centralisation occur at every stage along the supply chain. A single of planning, political stability, location of contract decision often sub-optimises another objective. All manufacturers and tax considerations are only a few of in all, typical challenges for a network optimissation the aspects to take into account in the network design. project are conflicting objectives and an ever changing environment. A network optimisation is a modelling-led activity that defines the physical ‘shape’ and high-level operational Dependent on company objectives and constraints, a characteristics of a distribution network. It is different network design study can be used for different sections to operational modelling in that it looks over a longer of the supply chain like upstream, downstream, or time horizon (3-5 years) to provide answers to key product segments. After analysing the current network strategic questions. It helps organisations create a robust and both defining and implementing the optimal supply solution that balances all of the strategic objectives, chain network, we have realised up to 10% to 15% while considering all constraints and inputs to drive reductions in operating costs for our clients. Network optimisation challenges Increase Shareholder Value Revenue Growth Asset Turns Operating Margin Provide Differentiated Improve Working Increase Fixed Reduce Customer Service Capital Utilisation Asset Utilisation Enterprise-wide Costs Marketing strategy Competitors and portfolio Co-locate capacity to Supply chain Market developments Minimise Inventory increase responsiveness planning model Reduce no. of suppliers External Internal Serve more profitable Duties & taxes customers better Social impact Maximise asset utilisation at sites Decrease lead times Organisational model Different costs Minimise 100% customer between countries transportation costs satisfaction IT Legal issues Working methods Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage 13
  • 14. Business model optimisation As soon as businesses become more mature, in With our Business Model Optimisation offering, we environments with less growth, they start concentrating look at a company’s value chain to optimise the primary on other shareholder value creation levers such as value creating activities in R&D, procurement, planning asset efficiency and operating margin. In this more and manufacturing, sales and distribution and after sales mature stage, the more integrated, centralised and service. functionalised operating models are favourable. By taking a multi-country, very often regional or even a Supply chain transformation initiatives are a proven global perspective, we align organisation and processes, way of reducing operational costs and increasing and optimise the way resources are deployed, decisions profits. Most successful companies have gained a are made and how the business goes to market. competitive advantage by applying continuous supply Companies in the early stages of their lifecycle, chain improvements. These have resulted in streamlined with growth abundantly available, tend to focus on processes, reduced stock levels, shorter lead times, establishing their footprint in the market. For these better asset utilisation, improved productivity and better businesses, the more decentralised and entrepreneurial service levels. business models are favourable. R&D and Sales & Revenu Growth Purchasing Manufacturing Distribution Marketing Service Integration of business functions in the primary value chain Shareholder Value Creation Operating Margin Central Mfg & Planning Sales & Distribution IP company Procurement Entrepreneur Entrepreneur Entrepreneur Asset Efficiency Support functions: support the activities of the primary value chain Finance HR IT (e.g. shared service operations) 14
  • 15. But many of these projects fall short of their potential Business Model Optimisation initiatives do not to leverage additional shareholder value. Why? Often necessarily have to be undertaken comprising the they only invest in deep operational improvements, but complete supply chain in aggregate. In practice we find ignore broader issues, such as structural tax planning. Or constellations ranging from a procurement entrepreneur they focus on pre-tax gains instead of after-tax returns. over a supply chain company to a full principal including Other companies concentrate on reducing the tax the R&D, IP and intangibles. burden on their current operating model. But because these tactical approaches do not automatically follow Deloitte’s Business Model Optimisation (BMO) services a rise in profits, they are not effective in offsetting the focus on helping multinational companies integrate marginal tax impact of new income. their operational and tax planning in a scalable and sustainable way to help business leaders make more Achieving world-class supply chain performance requires effective decisions on an after-tax basis. an integrated approach, where companies not only benefit from their operational improvements, but also retain more of their additional earnings. This can be facilitated by taking tax into account from the outset of the supply chain planning. Current Model Central Entrepreneur Model Value Add allocation Value Add allocation Third party Suppliers Third party Central Suppliers Entrepeneur Regional BG/BU Regional BG/BU National Manufacturing Management National Manufac- Management Sales Office Sites Costs Sales Office turing Sites Costs Stripped Risk Profit and Tax Implications Before After Additional Concentrating Profit ROW Profit Exponential significant and people functions, synergistic Profit ROW assets, risk profit management increases and value add with the central Profit Central Tax ROW Tax Savings Profit Central entrepreneur Tax Central Tax Central *ROW= Rest of the World Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage 15
  • 16. Operational excellence Over the past decades, LSS has grown from a method When businesses are maturing and going through the used on the shop floor in manufacturing industries to different phases of their lifecycle, value creation efforts the entire supply chain, to service industries such as are increasingly being made on improving operating healthcare and financial services, and even in the back margins and asset efficiency. On the road to enhanced office for managing IT and human resources. business performance, these businesses strive for operational excellence. By combining the principles of ‘Lean’ and Six Sigma, both waste and variation (defects) can be eliminated Lean Six Sigma (LSS) is a structured and proven in product or service processes. Process inefficiencies performance improvement methodology, which focuses or variations are identified using such tools as Value on eliminating waste by improving cost efficiency, Stream Mapping or by calculating process capability. quality and reliability, and compliance safety. LSS is a Having identified improvement opportunities, solutions business performance improvement program, which can include increasing capacity through the application combines focus on the customer with a structured, of Overall Equipment Effectiveness or enhancing data-driven approach, leading to measurable equipment uptime through the introduction of Total improvements. Productive Maintenance. However, these tools and techniques used for performance management are only some, but not all, critical success factors of lean transformations. Lean Six Sigma in the Lifecycle of the Business Revenue • First mover in the market Growth • Establish market footprint Value Lean Creation Six Sigma Operating Margin • Cost efficiency • Quality and Reliability • Compliance safety/environment • Customer Focus Asset Efficiency 16
  • 17. Not only do business leaders need to understand their We see that especially this culture shift creates a flow of business priorities (quality, cost reduction, flexibility, continuous improvement, which enables organisations asset utilisation) and align their operational excellence to continuously achieve successes in lowering costs strategy accordingly, they also need to develop business and enhancing customer’s experience by improving transformation capabilities such as portfolio, program efficiency, quality and lead time. The combination and project management. These include creating of Lean Six Sigma with integrated performance transparency regarding the projects portfolio on site measurement enables organisations to further monitor level, aligning projects with the site objectives and the improvements and control the process performance. making the right choice when prioritising investments. The journey towards operational excellence requires As the world’s leading supply chain consulting firm1, 1 Source: Kennedy Consulting strong leadership to drive projects and to embed change Deloitte can not only help you to achieve operational Research & Advisory; Supply Chain Management in a culture of entrepreneurship and accountability. excellence by supporting your employees in the Lean Six Consulting Marketplace Sigma approach and implementation, but also to create 2010-2013 Although buy-in from top management is critical, all the necessary preconditions to translate this operational of the organisation’s employees play an important part excellence into enhanced business performance. We in these improvements as the architects of the new have a large number of Black Belts and Green Belts process. This makes Lean Six Sigma more than just a set that can help your organisation to transform processes of improvement tools, but also a way to create a culture in a variety of industries including healthcare, financial shift of the organisation as it provides the opportunity services, local government, energy and manufacturing to create a common language in the business around industries. performance improvement, and to create a platform for leadership and talent development. LSS is more than a methodology: it is a way of thinking. How to translate an operational excellence strategy into enhanced business performance? n ce M a n a g e rf o rm a me Pe nt odel dership sm Lea es & in cu Bus Por t f lture o li o & P r o g m ent lo p ra m ve M De oo an ue T s y ls em & te c h niq ag eg t en ra t St Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage 17
  • 18. Supply chain tools & methodologies Within Deloitte, we have a wide variety of tools and Here are some example supply chain metrics following methodologies to execute complex supply chain the strategy/plan/source/make/deliver process taxonomy: transformations. A primary example is our Deloitte • Strategy: Metrics surrounding the creation and Integrated Supply Chain (DISC) method, which serves as management of the overall supply chain strategy, a focal point for the supply chain practice area across including defining the organisation, establishing the global boundaries and provides a common language for budget, management oversight and the performance large-scale, global supply chain engagements. Our DISC achieved by the overall supply chain network. method is based on the Supply Chain Council SCOR® • Plan: Metrics driving customer service and working model and enhanced for a more holistic approach, capital (including inventory levels across the supply integrating our supply chain-related offerings across chain) and address the functions of demand planning, each of the Strategy & Operations, Technology, and supply planning, inventory management, distribution Human Capital service lines. Other tools include our requirements planning. Supply Chain Shareholder Value Map, IndustryPrint, • Source: Metrics on procurement effectiveness and CategoryPrintsTM and Lean Six Sigma. efficiency — strategic sourcing, operations and management of suppliers, contracts and commodities. Furthermore, Deloitte has established a Global • Make: Metrics on cost and staffing around Benchmarking Center (GBC) to provide executives with manufacturing — production, material availability, industry-relevant metrics and insight. Relevant supply quality assurance, maintenance, sanitation and chain data — gathered through benchmarking — can engineering. help provide executives with the context they need • Deliver/Return: Metrics on cost and staffing levels for to identify and prioritise improvement opportunities. order fulfillment, logistics, distribution, transportation Through benchmarking, executives gain fact-based and returns/recalls. measures across different dimensions of performance, such as cost, quality, cycle time and customer service. Our supply chain benchmarks are particularly robust in client data from product industries (consumer business, process manufacturing and discrete manufacturing). Deloitte Integrated Supply Chain (DISC) method Develop Plan Source Make Deliver Returns Product Supply Chain Sourcing & Manufacturing Logistics & Reverse Logistics Innovation & Planning Procurement Operations Distribution Development Strategy Process Technology People/organisation Performance management 18
  • 19. Why Deloitte? We help clients in their efforts to deliver more value at In summary, we offer leading edge supply chain advice every step across their end-to-end supply chains – from to both the public and private sectors and can assist design and planning through sourcing, manufacturing, in undertaking all aspects of strategic and tactical delivery and return. We do this by helping to define a assessment, design and implementation to improve your global supply chain strategy that not only aligns with a supply chain operations. company’s overall business strategy, but also provides a playbook and roadmap for execution. Our approach focuses on analysing our client’s supply chain along three major dimensions: its business value The supply chain has always been important; today it from both financial and customer standpoints, the is critical. We understand the pressures and problems components and capabilities of its management and faced by managing the complexities of the supply chain. the leadership alignment and infrastructure to support Our teams are equipped with the experience and skills organisational change. required to tailor our services to meet the specific needs of our clients. Key lessons we’ve learned along the way Some industries are ahead of others, and you could be among the first to “import” a proven Consider cross-functional impacts. leading practice. Supply chain strategy is about more than just operations. It also calls finance, HR, tax and other Focus on information, not inventory. functions to the table. For example, you can’t Your customers have custom requirements. To weigh the outcome of moving some operations the extent possible, learn to assemble and deliver to another country without considering the tax rather than to build, warehouse and sell. Even if implications. Every department brings a useful this strategy applies only to the marginal “tail” perspective and set of values. SKUs and not your “A-movers,” it can enhance your reputation for responsiveness. Last-minute Stay flexible and balanced. customisation isn’t just for cars and PCs anymore. An over-investment in fixed assets or fixed capacity can pin you down. An under-investment Embrace sustainability. can leave you unable to meet pressing demand. Not only is it here to stay, but green management The right mix of in-house and third-party assets is like green food: good for you. Make a serious – of fixed and variable costs – can provide effort to integrate sustainability into your necessary agility. supply chain strategy instead of tinkering on the margins – or worse, treating it like as PR gambit Take a broad view of benchmarks. with no substance to back it up. There may be lessons worth learning outside your immediate industry or sector. Supply Chain Strategy Leveraging the backbone of your business as a source of competitive advantage 19
  • 20. Contacts In case you want to know more about this topic, please do not hesitate to contact us: Stefan Van Thienen Paul Delesalle Kobe Naesens Isabelle Hautecourt Partner Director Manager Manager + 32 476 22 01 03 + 32 476 49 50 08 + 32 475 30 07 44 + 32 473 30 27 85 svanthienen@deloitte.com pdelesalle@deloitte.com knaesens@deloitte.com ihautecourt@deloitte.com For more info on this topic, you can find us on the web: www.deloitte.com/be/supply-chain-strategy Deloitte Supply Chain Strategy website Deloitte – Supply Chain Strategy LinkedIn professional group Deloitte refers to one or more of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, a UK private company limited by guarantee, and its network of member firms, each of which is a legally separate and independent entity. Please see www.deloitte.com/ about for a detailed description of the legal structure of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited and its member firms. Deloitte provides audit, tax, consulting, and financial advisory services to public and private clients spanning multiple industries. With a globally connected network of member firms in more than 150 countries, Deloitte brings world-class capabilities and deep local expertise to help clients succeed wherever they operate. Deloitte’s approximately 170,000 professionals are committed to becoming the standard of excellence. This publication contains general information only, and none of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, its member firms, or their related entities (collectively, the “Deloitte Network”) is, by means of this publication, rendering professional advice or services. Before making any decision or taking any action that may affect your finances or your business, you should consult a qualified professional adviser. No entity in the Deloitte Network shall be responsible for any loss whatsoever sustained by any person who relies on this publication. © June 2011 Deloitte Consulting Designed and produced by the Creative Studio at Deloitte, Belgium.