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2. 1. MACCHU PICCHU
MACHU PICCHU (QUECHUA MACHU PIKCHU REDNECK, "OLD MOUNTAIN") IS THE CONTEMPORARY NAME GIVEN TO AN INCAN ANDEAN-LLAQTA -OLD TOWN
BUILT IN THE MIDDLE OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY IN THE ROCKY PROMONTORY THAT CONNECTS THE MOUNTAINS MACHU PICCHU AND HUAYNA PICCHU
IN THE EASTERN SLOPE OF THE CENTRAL CORDILLERA, SOUTHERN PERU AND 2490 M, ALTITUDE OF THE MAIN SQUARE. ITS ORIGINAL NAME WAS PICCHU
OR PICHO.1
ACCORDING TO DOCUMENTS FROM THE MID-SIXTEENTH CENTURY, 2 MACHU PICCHU WOULD HAVE BEEN ONE OF THE VACATION HOMES OF PACHACUTEC
INCA NINTH TAHUANTISUYO BETWEEN 1438 AND 1470. HOWEVER, SOME OF ITS FINEST BUILDINGS AND CEREMONIAL EVIDENT FROM THE MAIN PATH
LLAQTA TO PROVE THAT THIS WAS USED AS A SANCTUARY RELIGIOSO.3 TWO USES, THE PALACE AND THE TEMPLE, IT WOULD HAVE BEEN INCONSISTENT.
SOME EXPERTS SEEM TO HAVE RULED, HOWEVER, AN ALLEGED MILITARY NATURE, SO POPULAR EPITHETS OF "FORTRESS" OR "CITADEL" COULD HAVE BEEN
SUPERADOS.4
MACHU PICCHU IS CONSIDERED BOTH A MASTERPIECE OF ARCHITECTURE AND INGENIERÍA.5 ITS UNIQUE ARCHITECTURAL AND LANDSCAPE FEATURES,
AND THE VEIL OF MYSTERY THAT HAS WOVEN AROUND MUCH OF THE LITERATURE PUBLISHED ON THE SITE, HAVE BECOME ONE OF THE MOST POPULAR
TOURIST DESTINATIONS PLANET.6
MACHU PICCHU IS ON THE LIST OF WORLD HERITAGE OF UNESCO SINCE 1983, AS PART OF A CULTURAL AND ECOLOGICAL SETTING KNOWN UNDER THE
NAME HISTORIC SANCTUARY OF MACHU PICCHU. ON JULY 7, 2007 MACHU PICCHU WAS DECLARED ONE OF THE NEW SEVEN WONDERS OF THE MODERN
WORLD IN A CEREMONY IN LISBON, PORTUGAL, WHICH WAS ATTENDED BY AHUNDRED MILLION VOTERS WORLDWIDE.

3. 2. IGUAZU FALLS
IGUAZU FALLS (PORTUGUESE: CATARATAS DO IGUAÇU) ARE LOCATED ON THE IGUAZU RIVER ON THE BORDER BETWEEN
ARGENTINA MISIONES AND BRAZIL'S STATE OF PARANA. THEY ARE FULLY INSERTED IN PROTECTED AREAS; ARGENTINA
SECTOR IS WITHIN THE IGUAZU NATIONAL PARK, WHILE THE PORTION OF BRAZIL IS LOCATED IN THE IGUAÇU NATIONAL
PARK. THEY WERE CHOSEN AS ONE OF THE "SEVEN NATURAL WONDERS OF THE WORLD."
THEY ARE FORMED BY 275 FALLS, 80% OF THEM ARE LOCATED ON THE ARGENTINE SIDE. A SHOW APART IS ITS JUMP
HIGHER FLOW AND 80 M, ALSO THE HIGHEST: THE THROAT OF THE DEVIL, WHICH CAN BE ENJOYED IN ALL ITS MAJESTY
FROM ONLY 50 M, WALKING THE CATWALKS THAT LEAVE FROM PUERTO CANOAS, WHICH YOU GET TO USE THE SERVICE
OF ECOLOGICAL TRAINS. FOR THIS JUMP CROSSES THE BORDER BETWEEN THE TWO COUNTRIES. YOU CAN TAKE BOAT
RIDES UNDER THE WATERFALLS AND HIKING TRAILS APPRECIATING SOME SEMITROPICAL JUNGLE ANIMALS BELONGING
TO THE PHYTOGEOGRAPHICAL DISTRICT OF MIXED FORESTS PARANAENSE PHYTOGEOGRAPHIC PROVINCE

4. 3. MOUNT RUSHMORE
BETWEEN 1927 AND OCTOBER 31, 1941, GUTZON BORGLUM AND 400 WORKERS CARVED THE COLOSSAL 18M BUSTS OF US PRESIDENTS GEORGE
WASHINGTON, THOMAS JEFFERSON, THEODORE ROOSEVELT AND ABRAHAM LINCOLN TO REPRESENT THE FIRST 150 YEARS OF THE HISTORY OF THE UNITED
STATES . THE PLASTER MODELS AND TOOLS USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SCULPTURES ARE STILL THERE. RECENTLY, AFTER TEN YEARS OF
RECONSTRUCTION WORK, HAS BUILT AN EXTENSIVE NETWORK OF FACILITIES FOR ANCILLARY SERVICES AND WALKWAYS. THERE ARE NEW FOOTPATHS
THAT PROVIDE SPECTACULAR VIEWS FROM THE BACK OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN. THE MAINTENANCE OF THE MONUMENT IS A UNIQUE CHALLENGE FOR
CONSERVATIVES, BECAUSE IT REQUIRES CLIMBING THE MOUNTAIN TO CLEAN THE SCULPTURES AND REMOVE LICHENS.
THE MONUMENT SERVES AS A HOME TO MANY ANIMALS AND PLANTS REPRESENTATIVE OF THE BLACK HILLS (BLACK HILLS) IN SOUTH DAKOTA. THE
GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS WITHIN THE REGION ARE ALSO EVIDENT, INCLUDING LARGE OUTCROPS OF GRANITE AND MICA. THE ROCK FORMATION IS
CARVED INTO A SACRED PLACE OF THE NATIVE TRIBE OF THE LAKOTA. A MEMORIAL CRAZY HORSE (CRAZY HORSE MEMORIAL), BEGUN IN 1948, IS
CURRENTLY CARVING [UPDATE] NEAR SOUTH DAKOTA. MOUNT RUSHMORE WAS NAMED A NATIONAL MONUMENT ON MARCH 3, 1925.
ON JULY 8, 2005 BEGAN THE CLEANUP OF THE FACES BY ALFRED KAERCHER GMBH & CO., A GERMAN COMPANY IN CLEANING MACHINES. ALFRED
KAERCHER GMBH & CO. OFFERED TO CLEAN THE FACES FOR FREE. IT IS THE FIRST TIME IN THE HISTORY OF THE MONUMENT WHICH WAS WASHED WITH
WATER PRESSURE.