The document discusses various hardware components for a microcontroller project including an IR transmission and reception module, motor driver module, power supply, oscillator, reset circuitry, keypad, and LCD display. It also describes how to use an IR module for obstacle sensing, color detection, and fire detection. The motor driver amplifies current to control motors and includes protection from voltage spikes. It also explains how DC motors work using transistor switches to control rotation direction. The power supply sections cover using a transformer, rectifier, and regulator to provide stable power.

1. ABOUT HARDWARE
FROM:JJ/2009/PART2

2.  Working IR Tx and Rx Module
 Working Motor driver module
 Power supply for Microcontroller
 Oscillator for Microcontroller
 Reset circuitry for Microcontroller
 Matrix Key Board 4x4
 LCD in 4 Bit mode
FROM:JJ/2009/PART2

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4. Application of IR Tx and Rx Module
•obstacle sensing,
•color detection,
•fire detection,
•line sensing,
FROM:JJ/2009/PART2

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6. Motor driver is basically a current amplifier which takes a low-current
signal from the microcontroller and gives out a proportionally higher
current signal which can control and drive a motor.
>Output current up to 1.2A
>Supply voltage can be as large as 36 Volts
>over temperature protection" built into the IC.
>This flyback diode helps protect the driver IC from voltage spikes that
occur when the motor coil is turned on and off
>The logical low in the IC is set to 1.5V.
> high frequency applications upto 5KHz
How does DC Motor work ???
FROM:JJ/2009/PART2

7. Require more current then the microcontroller pin can
typically generate
Transistor as a current amplifier to provide required
current to drive the motor
FROM:JJ/2009/PART2

8. •Turning on Switches A and D makes the motor rotate clockwise
•Turning on Switches B and C makes the motor rotate anti-clockwise
•Turning on Switches A and B will stop the motor (Brakes)
•Turning off all the switches gives the motor a free wheel drive
•Lastly turning on A & C at the same time or B & D at the same time
shorts your entire circuit. So, do not attempt this.
FROM:JJ/2009/PART2

9. >Pin2, Pin7, Pin10 and Pin15
are logic input pins. These are
control pins which should be
connected to microcontroller
pins.
>Pin2 and Pin7 control the
first motor (left); Pin10 and
Pin15 control the second
motor(right).
High ~+5V,
Low ~0V,
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11. Transformer + Rectifier
Transformer + Rectifier + Smoothing
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12. Transformer + Rectifier + Smoothing + Regulator
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15. Positive fee back
Phase shift :Capacitive element =180 degree
Inverting amplifier =180 degree
Total =360 degree
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19. THANK YOU
FROM:JJ/2009/PART2