Emergent Methods: Multi-lingual narrative tracking in the news - real-time ex...
Ryan 11th B
1.
2. Abacus
It was invented about
3000 B.C.
It consists of beads
divided into 2 parts
which are movable on
the 2 rods.
It is mainly used to
calculate addition and
multiplication by using
the place value of the
digit.
3. Napier’s Logs and Bones
Invented by John Napier
who developed the idea
of logarithms.
It is used to perform
addition multiplication and
division.
Due to the idea of
logarithm developed in
1614, the tedium of
repetitive calculations
reduced.
4. Pascal’s Adding Machine
Invented by Blaise
Pascal.
Also known as Pascaline.
It consists of numbers
toothed wheels having
unique position values.
It was capable of doing
additions and
subtractions.
5. Leibnitz’s Calculator
Invented by Gottfried
Leibnitz a German
mathematician .
It was able to perform
multiplications and
divisions & multiplications
through repeated
addition.
Leibnitz’s machine used
stepped cylinder each
with 9 teeth of varying
lengths instead of wheels
used by Pascal.
6. Jacquard’s Loom
Invented by Joseph
Jacquard.
He manufactured
punched cards at the
end of the American
Revolution.
It was completely
automatic and
controlled by the
process called
weaving.
7. Babbage’s Difference Engine
Developed by Charles
Babbage.
It was able to perform
mathematical
functions and
calculate logarithmic
tables.
Its operation was
automatic, multi stop
operations.
8.
9. Babbage’s Analytical Engine
Designed by Charles
Babbage.
It was able to perform
all four mathematical
operation, along with
comparison.
It was included with
the concept of central
processor, storage
area, memory, input
and output devices.
10.
11. Hollerith’s Machine
Invented by Herman
Hollerith
It was the first electro
mathematical
punched-card
tabulator that used
punched cards for
input ,output and
instructions.
It was used by the
American Department
12.
13. Mark - I
It was invented by
Professor Howard Aiken.
It could multiply any two
ten digit numbers in 5
seconds which was a
record at that time.
It was the first machine
which could perform
according to pre
programmed instructions
automatically without any
manual interface.