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1. Para cada problema indicado, elabore y complete una tabla similar a la siguiente:


Problema 1

      Parte                            F min.     F        F           F  gf      F F              
                      min.        Máx.             Máx.
F a  Fb  Fc         247         256     311      381       35      4.5     346         0.10    251.5     0.017

  F a  Fb            228         236     300       330      15       4      315         0.04    232       0.0172

  Fb  Fc             263         272     330       380      25      4.5     355         0.07    267.5     0.0168

  Fa  Fc             256         269      86       101      7.5     6.5     93.5        0.08    262.5     0.024



         FMax  FMin
F 
              2
         Max   Min
 
            2
       FMax  FMin
F 
                  2
       Max   Min
 
              2


Problema 4

      Parte                             F         F        F           F  gf      F F              
                      min.        Máx.   min.      Máx.
F a  Fb  Fc         234         250    271       361       45       8      316         0.14    242        0.03

  F a  Fb            223         233     260       320      30       5      290         0.10    228       0.021

  Fb  Fc             270         277     250       325     37.5     3.5    287.5        0.13    273.5      0.01

  Fa  Fc             212         231     110       135     12.5     9.5    122.5        0.102   221.5      0.04



         FMax  FMin
F                           =
              2
         Max   Min
                       =
            2
       FMax  FMin
F                        =
             2
       Max   Min
                    =
              2
      2. en éste caso es necesario medir una mesa y un ángulo, lo cual produce errores. Para cada
         uno de estos casos determine el error relativo  F F ,    , regístrelo en la tabla anterior.
El error Relativo de l  F F = 0.37 y el de    = 0.0933

   Del problema 4 es  F F = 0.18 y el de    = 0.02
   3. Realice un dibujo para cada uno de los casos anteriores, representando la mesa de fuerzas
   y anotando los ángulos, valores de las fuerzas equilibrantes.
Problema 1Fa + Fb + Fc                                 250gf 70°


120gf, 135 °




                                                   100gf 0°




                          346gf, 252°
                                                                       Fb + fc
                                                                                              250gf, 70°
                                                       120gf, 135°
        Fa+Fb                         250gf 70°



                                              100gf, 0°




315gf, 232°                                                                    355gf, 268°
                                         Fa+Fc

                    120gf, 135°



                                                                           100gf, 0°




                              94gf, 263°
PROBLEMA 4
    Fa+ Fb+ Fc                                                        Fa+Fb
                          200gf, 79°
100gf, 130°                                                                   200gf, 79°




                                   150gf, 0°
                                                                                           150gf,
                                                                                           0°


                                               290gf, 228°
   316GF, 242°


                 Fb+ Fc
                                                                     Fa+fc
                                 200gf, 79°
   100gf, 130°                                         100gf, 130°



                                                                                           150gf,
                                                                                           0°


                                                   123gf, 222°

                             288gf, 273°
4.punto es del las hojas milimentradas jejejejejje




   5.a partir de la descomposición trigonométrica, calcule la resultante.

   Problema 1
                        F a  Fb  Fc

                                           F a  100 cos 0 i  100 sen 0 j
                                                          0             0
           F a = 100gf 0°
                                           F b  250 cos 70 i  250 sen 70
                                                              0              0
           F b = 250gf 70°                                                       j

           F c  120gf 135°                F c  120 cos 135 i  120 sen 135
                                                                  0              0
                                                                                     j

           Fr =        100 i  0 j
                       85 ,5i  234 ,92 j
                         84 ,85 i  84 ,85 j
                       100 ,65 i  319 ,77 j


           Fr =           100 ,65  2  319 ,77  2

                       Fr = 335,236gf

   Problema 4

F a  Fb  Fc
                                           F a  150 cos 0 i  150 sen 0 j
                                                          0             0
           F a = 150gf 0°
                                           F b  200 cos 79 i  200 sen 79
                                                              0              0
           F b = 200gf 79°                                                       j

           F c  100gf 130°                F c  100 cos 130 i  100 sen 130
                                                                  0              0
                                                                                     j

           Fr =        150 i  0 j
                       38 .16 i  196 .32 j
                         64 . 27  76 . 60 j
                       123 ,89 i  272 .92 j


           Fr =           123 .89  2  272 ,92  2

                       Fr =299.72gf


   6. construya una tabla con los valores hallados para la equilibrante por el método experimental,
   método del polígono y el método analítico.
Problema 1



                Parte           Experimental           Polígono           Analítico
          F a  Fb  Fc             346                  320                335

               F a  Fb             315                   300                 299.

               Fb  Fc              355                   330                 319

               Fa  Fc               94                   90                  86.




Problema 4

                Parte           Experimental           Polígono           Analítico
          F a  Fb  Fc             316                  300                299.

               F a  Fb             290                   275                 271.

               Fb  Fc              288                   274                 274.

               Fa  Fc              123                   125                 114

      7.Calcule el porcentaje de error del método experimental y método del polígono, con
      respecto al método analítico y enumere las posibles causas de error.

Problema 1

       Parte              Experimental         Polígono           Analítico           % Error
   F a  Fb  Fc              346                320                335                3.6%

     F a  Fb                 315                300                299                3.39%

     Fb  Fc                  355                330                319                6.07%

     Fa  Fc                  94                 90                  86                4.44%


Problema 4

       Parte              Experimental         Polígono           Analítico           % Error
   F a  Fb  Fc              316                300                299                3.6%

     F a  Fb                 290                275                271                4.06%

     Fb  Fc                  288                274                274                3.34%

     Fa  Fc                  123                122                114                2.79%
Como se observa la mayoría de porcentajes de error son relativamente pequeños lo que se puede
considerar un experimento exitoso. Los errores cometidos fueron más que todo en la manipulación
humana del laboratorio.

        8. las fuerzas de este experimento actúan sobre un anillo, pero se dicen que son
       concurrentes, ¿si en ves de cuerdas se tuvieran varillas rígidas unidas al anillo, serian
       necesariamente concurrentes las fuerzas?, ¿existen entonces contribuciones al error debido
       a la no rigidez de las cuerdas?

       RTA: por definición sabemos que se habla de fuerzas concurrentes si las fuerzas tienen el
       mismo punto de aplicación, de modo que independientemente de si son cuerdas o varillas
       las fuerzas serán concurrentes, sin embargo si se pueden presentar mayores errores debido a
       la no rigidez de las cuerdas.



DATOS EXPERIMENTALES

PROBLEMA 1
          Parte                    min.              Máx.               F min.            F Máx.
      F a  Fb  Fc                247                 256                 311                381

         F a  Fb                  228                 236                 300                330

         Fb  Fc                   263                 272                 330                380

         Fa  Fc                   256                 269                  86                101



PROBLEMA 4
          Parte                    min.              Máx.               F min.            F Máx.
      F a  Fb  Fc                234                 250                 271                361

         F a  Fb                  223                 233                 260                320

         Fb  Fc                   270                 277                 250                325

         Fa  Fc                   212                 231                 110                135

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Informe física L2

  • 1. 1. Para cada problema indicado, elabore y complete una tabla similar a la siguiente: Problema 1 Parte   F min. F F  F  gf  F F    min. Máx. Máx. F a  Fb  Fc 247 256 311 381 35 4.5 346 0.10 251.5 0.017 F a  Fb 228 236 300 330 15 4 315 0.04 232 0.0172 Fb  Fc 263 272 330 380 25 4.5 355 0.07 267.5 0.0168 Fa  Fc 256 269 86 101 7.5 6.5 93.5 0.08 262.5 0.024 FMax  FMin F  2  Max   Min   2 FMax  FMin F  2  Max   Min   2 Problema 4 Parte   F F F  F  gf  F F    min. Máx. min. Máx. F a  Fb  Fc 234 250 271 361 45 8 316 0.14 242 0.03 F a  Fb 223 233 260 320 30 5 290 0.10 228 0.021 Fb  Fc 270 277 250 325 37.5 3.5 287.5 0.13 273.5 0.01 Fa  Fc 212 231 110 135 12.5 9.5 122.5 0.102 221.5 0.04 FMax  FMin F  = 2  Max   Min   = 2 FMax  FMin F  = 2  Max   Min   = 2 2. en éste caso es necesario medir una mesa y un ángulo, lo cual produce errores. Para cada uno de estos casos determine el error relativo  F F ,    , regístrelo en la tabla anterior.
  • 2. El error Relativo de l  F F = 0.37 y el de    = 0.0933 Del problema 4 es  F F = 0.18 y el de    = 0.02 3. Realice un dibujo para cada uno de los casos anteriores, representando la mesa de fuerzas y anotando los ángulos, valores de las fuerzas equilibrantes. Problema 1Fa + Fb + Fc 250gf 70° 120gf, 135 ° 100gf 0° 346gf, 252° Fb + fc 250gf, 70° 120gf, 135° Fa+Fb 250gf 70° 100gf, 0° 315gf, 232° 355gf, 268° Fa+Fc 120gf, 135° 100gf, 0° 94gf, 263°
  • 3. PROBLEMA 4 Fa+ Fb+ Fc Fa+Fb 200gf, 79° 100gf, 130° 200gf, 79° 150gf, 0° 150gf, 0° 290gf, 228° 316GF, 242° Fb+ Fc Fa+fc 200gf, 79° 100gf, 130° 100gf, 130° 150gf, 0° 123gf, 222° 288gf, 273°
  • 4. 4.punto es del las hojas milimentradas jejejejejje 5.a partir de la descomposición trigonométrica, calcule la resultante. Problema 1 F a  Fb  Fc F a  100 cos 0 i  100 sen 0 j 0 0 F a = 100gf 0° F b  250 cos 70 i  250 sen 70 0 0 F b = 250gf 70° j F c  120gf 135° F c  120 cos 135 i  120 sen 135 0 0 j Fr = 100 i  0 j 85 ,5i  234 ,92 j  84 ,85 i  84 ,85 j 100 ,65 i  319 ,77 j Fr = 100 ,65  2  319 ,77  2 Fr = 335,236gf Problema 4 F a  Fb  Fc F a  150 cos 0 i  150 sen 0 j 0 0 F a = 150gf 0° F b  200 cos 79 i  200 sen 79 0 0 F b = 200gf 79° j F c  100gf 130° F c  100 cos 130 i  100 sen 130 0 0 j Fr = 150 i  0 j 38 .16 i  196 .32 j  64 . 27  76 . 60 j 123 ,89 i  272 .92 j Fr = 123 .89  2  272 ,92  2 Fr =299.72gf 6. construya una tabla con los valores hallados para la equilibrante por el método experimental, método del polígono y el método analítico.
  • 5. Problema 1 Parte Experimental Polígono Analítico F a  Fb  Fc 346 320 335 F a  Fb 315 300 299. Fb  Fc 355 330 319 Fa  Fc 94 90 86. Problema 4 Parte Experimental Polígono Analítico F a  Fb  Fc 316 300 299. F a  Fb 290 275 271. Fb  Fc 288 274 274. Fa  Fc 123 125 114 7.Calcule el porcentaje de error del método experimental y método del polígono, con respecto al método analítico y enumere las posibles causas de error. Problema 1 Parte Experimental Polígono Analítico % Error F a  Fb  Fc 346 320 335 3.6% F a  Fb 315 300 299 3.39% Fb  Fc 355 330 319 6.07% Fa  Fc 94 90 86 4.44% Problema 4 Parte Experimental Polígono Analítico % Error F a  Fb  Fc 316 300 299 3.6% F a  Fb 290 275 271 4.06% Fb  Fc 288 274 274 3.34% Fa  Fc 123 122 114 2.79%
  • 6. Como se observa la mayoría de porcentajes de error son relativamente pequeños lo que se puede considerar un experimento exitoso. Los errores cometidos fueron más que todo en la manipulación humana del laboratorio. 8. las fuerzas de este experimento actúan sobre un anillo, pero se dicen que son concurrentes, ¿si en ves de cuerdas se tuvieran varillas rígidas unidas al anillo, serian necesariamente concurrentes las fuerzas?, ¿existen entonces contribuciones al error debido a la no rigidez de las cuerdas? RTA: por definición sabemos que se habla de fuerzas concurrentes si las fuerzas tienen el mismo punto de aplicación, de modo que independientemente de si son cuerdas o varillas las fuerzas serán concurrentes, sin embargo si se pueden presentar mayores errores debido a la no rigidez de las cuerdas. DATOS EXPERIMENTALES PROBLEMA 1 Parte  min.  Máx. F min. F Máx. F a  Fb  Fc 247 256 311 381 F a  Fb 228 236 300 330 Fb  Fc 263 272 330 380 Fa  Fc 256 269 86 101 PROBLEMA 4 Parte  min.  Máx. F min. F Máx. F a  Fb  Fc 234 250 271 361 F a  Fb 223 233 260 320 Fb  Fc 270 277 250 325 Fa  Fc 212 231 110 135