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Sgcp14wilks1
1.
CHARTING MARKET SUCCESS
IN SMART GRIDS AND ENERGY 3 June 2014 Mike Wilks Director 6th Smart Grids & Cleanpower 2014 3-4 June, Cambridge, UK www.hvm-uk.com/smartgrids2014
2.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY Offering expert advice
from strategy to implementation on policy, regulation, business operations, financing and valuation and sustainability Providing in-depth market intelligence across Europe Over 200 energy market experts in 14 offices across Europe: – Düsseldorf – Oxford – Helsinki – Stockholm – London – Stavanger – Madrid – Paris – Milan – Vienna – Moscow – Villach – Oslo – Zurich Producing Energy Reports for electricity, gas, carbon and green certificate markets across Europe, with long-term price projections. JUNE 5, 2014 2 Europe’s leading specialist energy management consultancy (c) grafikdienst.com Pöyry offices Pöyry Management Consulting offices PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
3.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY 3 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT
CONSULTING DELIVERS IN-DEPTH UNDERSTANDING OF SMART ENERGY ISSUES We provide commercial, regulatory and technical advice to regulators, DNOs, Suppliers and consumer groups on smart energy issues • We combine: • significant understanding of commercial, regulatory and technical issues in relation to smart grids and smart energy systems (Demand Response, DG etc) • in-depth understanding of both wholesale markets and network regulatory frameworks across the EU • ability to use detailed models to quantitatively assess smart energy issues • a comprehensive understanding of consumer issues and how to tackle them • a valuable perspective of each player in the smart energy world • We offer: • qualitative and quantitative views of the size of various markets (e.g. DR) and the value of flexibility in the future • an understanding of how the smart energy system, regulatory framework and resulting commercial opportunities could affect your business • strategy advice on where to position yourself in the smart energy world • development of smart city and smart grid technical and commercial plans • procurement and technical specifications of smart meter and smart grid roll outs • a “One stop shop“: capability span from technology to policy, option assessment to implementation JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
4.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY 4 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
– SAMPLE OF CLIENTS JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 4
5.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY AGENDA 1. The future
market “cartography” 2. How Porter’s Five Forces can be helpful to key actors 3. Application to some key actors 4. Summary and conclusions JUNE 5, 2014 5PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
6.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY 6 Overall, meeting
European renewable targets will create a much more volatile energy system which will require increased flexibility 4 JUNE 2014 ENERGY MARKET – COULD DO BETTER?
7.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY 7 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Current (2009)
No DSR £bn Total network investment cost (£bn) Constraints cost (£bn) Subsidy required for low carbon generation generation (£bn) Wholesale price cost (£bn) Explanation • Increase caused by doubling of demand largely driven by electrification of heat and transport and consequential need for and investment in generation and network capacity • Whilst absolute costs rise by fivefold; the unit cost per MWh of consumption rises by less i.e. 2.5 times (due to increased demand consumption • It is important to recognise there are savings in other energy use via reduced consumption of oil and gas for transport and heating respectively*Unit cost for 2009 approximately £46/MWh **Unit cost for 2050 approximately £115/MWh £14.6bn* £83.9bn** 2009 BaU #Derived costs do not include network asset replacement costs, interconnection or retail margins UNDER A “BUSINESS AS USUAL” SCENARIO, MEETING 2050 TARGETS COULD LEAD TO A FIVE FOLD INCREASE IN COSTS TO ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS# 74 JUNE 2014 ENERGY MARKET – COULD DO BETTER?COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY
8.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY 8 Thus for
example material deployment of DSR will be crucial and we have demonstrated it is valuable to both the wholesale market and the networks 4 JUNE 2014 ENERGY MARKET – COULD DO BETTER?COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY
9.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY 9 There are
four major sources of provision of flexibility - electricity storage is the most diverse IN THE LONGER TERM ALL SOURCES OF FLEXIBILITY ARE NEEDED TO MANAGE INCREASING INTERMITTENCY AND ELECTRIFICATION 4 JUNE 2014 ENERGY MARKET – COULD DO BETTER?COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY
10.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY JUNE 5, 2014 10 In
future we will see a fully multi-directional and interactive market at national and local levels where dynamic and flexible demand co-optimises with diverse and more unpredictable sources of generation THE WAY THE MARKET OPERATES IN THE FUTURE WILL FUNDAMENTALLY CHANGE PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
11.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY 11 FUTURE SMART GRIDS
WILL INTERACT IN MANY DIFFERENT WAYS WITH A RANGE OF LOADS AND DISTRIBUTED GENERATION Residential Devices Commercial & Industrial Devices Utility Operation Smart Grid Devices Provision of price information to consumers Home automation Frequency- responsive devices Aggregation of DG and controllable demand Appliance monitoring and control Monitoring and control of microgeneration Management of storage and EV charging cycles Consumers The key point is that demand behaviour at both a consumer and supplier level will become more dynamic and less predictable Automation will be a key enabler of smart grids in this future dynamic environment JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 11
12.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY • Future consumers
will have an array of technologies which can be deployed in different ways to provide benefits to energy networks and suppliers • Emergence of local system operations via smart grids will be a key local feature Communication and control technologies will be key to effective implementation of “soft demand side management” – complex operations with customer friendly interfaces 12 FUTURE DOMESTIC CONSUMERS WILL BE VERY DIFFERENT FROM TODAY AND BE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE ENERGY SYSTEM JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
13.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY JUNE 5, 2014 13 Systems
with high penetration of wind have to meet challenges across the supply chain of electricity markets. Generation Trading Transmission & Distribution Sales Consumer Ancillary servicesWholesale market Electricity Networks Value of capacity Cost components of electricity Short run marginal cost Transmission Distribution Start-up & no-load Variable cost OperationInvestment OperationInvestment § High wind means Value of Capacity is distributed over fewer hours § Electric vehicles and microgeneration present new challenges § Demand price elasticity will reduce market power. § Inertia and start frequency become concerns with more wind § Increased reserve and response requirements § Transmission constraints a problem with more wind VALUE DRIVERS FOR SMART ENERGY EXIST ACROSS THE FULL ENERGY VALUE CHAIN PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
14.
COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY 14 LEADING TO
THE CREATION OF VARIOUS MARKET ROLES eMobility Infra- structure Operator Energy Storage Operator Energy Producer - End Consumer Virtual Power Plant Aggregator Smart Hardware & Software Provider Demand Aggregator Market Maker - Clearing & Settlement Smart Metering & Billing Provider Energy Storage Aggregator Market Maker - Virtual Market Place Generation Trading Transmission & Distribution Sales Consumer Energy solutions Energy Producer – Power Plant Operator Energy Trader Commodity Sales End ConsumerTSO DSO Smart Services Provider JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING Existing roles and responsibilities will change and new market roles will emerge
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY 15 EXAMPLE – INCREASING
USE OF DSR WILL CREATE NEW ROLES Load shaving & load shifting § Interruption of load from grid on short notice and for short duration (load shaving) § Prevent grid instabilities § Ability to save on balancing energy or to provide more expensive balancing energy to the market § Mid term load shifting (e.g. from day to night) § Optimisation of investments into grid infrastructure Integration of distributed generation § Integration and proper management of dispersed generation § Fulfillment of regulatory requirements (priority dispatch) § Potential starting point for Energy Service Companies (ESCO’s) Integration of eMobility § Integration of dispersed and mobile consumption and storage of electricity § Starting point for new business model including eMobility JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 15 DSR facilitated by smart grids will not just ensure security of supply is maintained but will create new commercial opportunities
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY THERE ARE MANY
KEY QUESTIONS REGARDING DEPLOYMENT OF SMART ENERGY How and where will smart grids be rolled out? How will they look and fit together? – (i) geography and speed; (ii) design, technology and integration – many options for each Which incentive and/or control signals will be used – and how? – this has implications for communication and smart metering technology choice What regulatory framework(s) need to be put in place? – to provide appropriate oversight and protection for the consumer What kind of commercial relationships are required? – for example, how are DSO benefits captured and by whom? What and where is the most valuable use of the available flexibility? – e.g. reducing investments or smoothing prices Who has control of the flexible generation and demand? – device / customer / DSO / supplier / 3rd party / TSO – Will consumers play ball? – Consumer willingness to become more active market “participants” will be a key challenge – Who stores the data, who manages it and who has access to it? How, where and when? – How will the new GB DCC interface with smart grid operations? 16 JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING This creates a future ripe with uncertainty for all existing market actors and potential new market actors – how do you try to map this out?
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY AGENDA 1. The future
market “cartography” 2. How Porter’s Five Forces can be helpful to key actors 3. Application to some key actors 4. Summary and conclusions JUNE 5, 2014 17PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY JUNE 5, 2014 18 PORTER’S
FIVE FORCES Simple but powerful tool for understanding the potential for profitability in a market – both now and in the future Competitive rivalry Threat of new entry Buyer powerSeller power Threat of substitution PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY JUNE 5, 2014 19 WHAT
DOES PORTER’S “5 FORCES” MODEL ADDRESS? Threat of new entry Costs of entry Regulatory and legal barriers Economies of scale for existing firms Technology protection Access to distribution channels + Buyer power Number of customers Differentiation of competitors Price sensitivity Ability to substitute Cost of changing Threat of backward integration Seller power Number of sellers Size of sellers Competition for seller’s input Cost of switching sellers Threat of substitution Substitute performance Cost of changing to substitute Brand loyalty Competitive rivalry Number of competitors; Market size; Market growth prospects; Product differentiation; Brand loyalty; Capacity utilisation; Exit costs PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY JUNE 5, 2014 20 PORTER
PROPOSES THREE GENERIC STRATEGIES BASED ON THE 5 FORCES MODEL Strategic advantage Unique value to consumer Low cost of production Market scope Whole market Segment of market Differentiation Cost minimisation Focus • Three generic strategies: differentiation, cost minimisation and focus • In general, a company should choose only one strategy, or risk being inefficient PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY JUNE 5, 2014 21 WE
CAN APPLY PORTER’S FIVE FORCES TO VARIOUS KEY ACTORS Now Future Supplier DNO Product manufacturer PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING It can also be interesting to examine how the assessment changes if you look at the situation of today versus that of tomorrow to guide change of strategies
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY JUNE 5, 2014 22 EXAMPLE:
INCUMBENT ELECTRICITY SUPPLIER AT PRESENT Threat of new entry Large incumbents able to hedge risk Only small portion or market not served by large incumbents High cost barrier to entry Market reforms underway to encourage new entrants Market power of current suppliers a hot political topic + Buyer power Generally many small buyers Little differentiation between alternatives Most buyers relatively price insensitive Low costs of switching High buyer inertia ++ Seller power Incumbent suppliers in a largely advantageous position +++ Threat of substitution Rather difficult to find a substitute for electricity! +++ Competitive rivalry Favourable competitive situation for incumbent electricity suppliers at present ++ PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING Assessment of today shows (large) incumbent suppliers to be in a strong position
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY JUNE 5, 2014 23 EXAMPLE:
INCUMBENT ELECTRICITY SUPPLIER IN FUTURE Threat of new entry Supply side innovation reduces barriers to entry (e.g. Apple, Google) Requirement for smart technology –sees new major players from IT & telecoms to supermarket -- Buyer power Advent of demand aggregators increases buyer power Real-time pricing lead to increased price sensitivity and to more transparency through HH settlement Greater differentiation in supply company offerings - Seller power Generators required to trade transparently More small scale distributed generation More consumers become exporters Discerning customers require bespoke solutions -- Threat of substitution Rather difficult to find a substitute for electricity – but more differentiated products become available Multi-utility offering can open up market to much more diversified range of participants -- Competitive rivalry Competition enquiry could change the competitive landscape in GB, Smart energy solutions could benefit new market entrants -- PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING Assessment of tomorrow shows incumbent suppliers to be under threat – so the strategy of today needs to be revisited
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EXAMPLE OF POTENTIAL
FUTURE DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY FOR AN INCUMBENT SUPPLIER Differentiation potential for Suppliers Enhanced customer services Switch Efficient switching processes • Flexible demand with smarter metering will give suppliers greater differentiation potential • Success will depend on forging stronger links with customers based on differentiation from others Meter reading No presence of end-customer necessary More frequent billing No more payments on account Energy consumption Savings by real- time monitoring Flexible tariffs Specific tariffs for specific clients and situations Feed-in Possibilities to integrate small scale customer-owned generation Smart Homes Introduction of smart home applications 24 JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 24COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY A key potential strategy for incumbent suppliers is “differentiation” – especially from their existing rivals
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY AGENDA 1. The future
market “cartography” 2. How Porter’s Five Forces can be helpful to key actors 3. Application to some key actors 4. Summary and conclusions JUNE 5, 2014 25PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY Strengths • Incumbent energy companies are not
trusted • Customers becoming more active in choosing supplier Weaknesses • Customers who are switching may be the more price sensitive ones (harder to keep captured market) • Market entry process is complicated, infrastructure costs and credit worthiness requirements significant Opportunities • New brand (smart can help) • Will current Big 6 market share be sustainable? • Creating bespoke offering to segment customer base (easier with scale) Threats • Vis have access to more resources • Changing regulatory framework • New obligations with size(e.g. ECO kicks in with 250,000 customers) JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 26 SWOT ANALYSIS FOR A NEW SUPPLY COMPANY – DISCUSS Differentiation Strategy Unknown: No understanding of actual consumption pattern (deemed profiles at the moment) There is the opportunity to profit from the difficulties of the “old guard” – but persuading the consumer you are not “one of them” is easier said than done
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY Strengths • Nimble, small, efficient
and able to adapt to processes • Not Big 6, so less distrusted? Weaknesses • Limited engagement of consumers • Brand – hard to get to consumers • Value proposition – not clear? Opportunities • Growth in market for flexibility • Possibility to influence market landscape and new regulatory framework Threats • Low profit margins • Value erosion from emerging technical solutions? • Potentially liable for imbalances in future JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 27 SWOT ANALYSIS FOR AGGREGATORS – DISCUSS Strategy Differentiation or focus Unknown: What are obligations and responsibilities of aggregators/third parties? Not being associated with the “old guard” and “old model” is a good thing – but there will be a need for clear differentiation from the increasing “new guard” too
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY Cost minimisation Strengths • Economic need for demand response
in the future, depending on LCT uptake • Asset management companies – able to diversify, e.g. ownership of comms Weaknesses • Lack of positive consumer interaction/ engagement (most consumers only meet network operators during black outs) • Limitation of role in market activities due to regulation Opportunities • Increase in Regulatory Asset Base • Build on communication backbone (e.g fibre-optics) • Use smart solutions as part of operations Threats • Increase in operating costs • Increased responsibilities • Greater risk exposure • Over complexity could lead to delivery risk JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 28 SWOT ANALYSIS FOR NETWORK COMPANIES – DISCUSS Unknown: optimal timing of network investments Strategy Tomorrow’s cost minimisation is not todays – it will not be about capex delivery but about efficiently enabling flexibility using capex and opex; timing will be key
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY Strengths • Information and knowledge of
their own consumption patterns • Increased ability to control consumption Weaknesses • Lack of understanding • Lack of time • Need to acquire hardware to participate effectively • Perception of data protection and privacy issues (‘Big Brother’) Opportunities • Ability to take control of own consumption • Ability to drive suppliers to offer more bespoke solutions • Cost reduction through better optimisation of consumption Threats • Fear that costs will increase under ToU tariffs • Too much choice or too much complexity in offerings JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 29 SWOT ANALYSIS FOR A CONSUMER – DISCUSS Unknown: What is the benefit to different types of customers of smart meter roll out? Strategy? Vis-à-vis a supplier: cost minimisation but increasingly differentiation? Future opportunities and potential downsides for consumers are high – educated active engagement will become increasingly important
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY Cost minimisation (at least initially) Strengths • Good
trading capabilities to manage flexibility • vertically integrated organisation from generation to retail Weaknesses • Largest players with the most to lose • Business change takes time and companies may miss opportunities • Financial constraints Opportunities • Better utilisation of flexible generation or demand – hedging • Strategy revolving around customers rather than rotating lumps of metal Threats • Lower peak consumption (destroys value upstream) • Potential threat from other industries (e.g. Apple, Google) JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 30 SWOT ANALYSIS FOR BIG 6 GENERATION COMPANIES – DISCUSS Strategy? Tomorrow’s cost minimisation is not today’s – it will not be about flat out efficiency but about reliable flexibility
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY Focus Strengths • Capacity for mass production
at low unit cost • Potential for innovative products is high with smart metering, HH wholesale settlement. Weaknesses • High upfront developments costs Opportunities • Increased need for equipment to manage and interrogate data • Suppliers need to provide more bespoke offering in future Threats • Uncertain evolution of product standards in the future • Data protection and privacy may be a barrier to new products in future JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 31 SWOT ANALYSIS FOR A NEW PRODUCT MANUFACTURER – DISCUSS Strategy? Unknown: Which will be the most valuable products in a smart world? The risks of wrong decisions are high – so the importance of expert understanding of the market and the timing of key commitments is critical
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY AGENDA 1. The future
market “cartography” 2. How Porter’s Five Forces can be helpful to key actors 3. Application to some key actors 4. Summary and conclusions JUNE 5, 2014 32PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY 33 Summary and
Conclusions The energy sector is transforming – technology and regulatory developments are forcing change The smart energy paradigm is no longer a concept it is an emerging reality – today’s business models and strategies are not fit for purpose The future landscape is ripe with uncertainty – applying Porters 5 forces model is a helpful assessment framework to understand what this means for business strategy It is clear that existing market players’ business strategies need to change – equally new market players need to set theirs carefully as risks can be high The key to success will be to have a clear strategy which fits the future BUT also to be agile in the detailed execution as key uncertainties become clearer 1 2 3 4 5 JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY MANAGEMENT CONSULTING So what are the key messages from today…
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COPYRIGHT©PÖYRY JUNE 5, 2014 PÖYRY
MANAGEMENT CONSULTING 34 Contact: Name: Mike Wilks Mail: mike.wilks@poyry.com Phone: +44 1865 812 251
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