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Pepeke Henua
          Instructional Design
                 University of Hawai‘i, Mānoa
                        ETEC 613 Spring 2011
                Instructional Design and Development
Laureen Kodani, Melissa Kunitzer, Davileigh Nae‘ole, Jayneen Souza
Pepeke Henua

                 Agenda
‘Olelo No‘eau

Content Analysis

Module Prototype

Formative Evaluation

Summary & Conclusion
‘Olelo No‘eau




     ‘A ‘ohe hana nui ke alu ‘ia
No task is too big when done together by all.
Pepeke Henua

                 Agenda
‘Olelo No‘eau

Content Analysis

Module Prototype

Formative Evaluation

Summary & Conclusion
Instructional Design Model

         Which model will we use
        to design our instruction?
Instructional Design Model
                             Dick & Carey Model

                                           Revise
                                         instruction
             Conduct
           instructional
Assess       analysis
 needs                                                                                   Design and
   to                                                                   Develop and        conduct
identify                       Write        Develop       Develop          select         formative
goal(s)                    performance    assessment    instructional   instructional   evaluation of
                            obectives     instruments     strategy        materials      instruction
            Analyze
            learners
           and context




                                                                                             Design and
                                                                                               conduct
                                                                                             summative
                                                                                            evaluation of
                                                                                             instruction
Content Analysis
         Design Components
Identify Instructional Goal(s)
  Need and Rationale



               Instructional Goal
Content Analysis
          Design Components
Identify Instructional Goal(s)
   Need and Rationale



                 Instructional Goal
Content Analysis
               Design Components
 Analyze Target Population
   Learners

   Context
Content Analysis
          Design Components
Instructional Analysis – Intellectual Skill
4 major steps
  Determine po‘o
  Determine piko
  Determine ‘awe
  Arrange in correct order
Hierarchy
Content Analysis
        Design Components

Performance Objectives

Assessment Instruments
Content Analysis
        Design Components

Performance Objectives

Assessment Instruments
Content Analysis
          Design Components
Instructional Strategy
  Methods (Activities)
  Learning Environment
Content Analysis
        Design Components

Assessments

Evaluation

Improvements
Content Analysis
        Design Components

Assessments

Evaluation

Improvements
Content Analysis
        Design Components

Assessments

Evaluation

Improvements
Content Analysis
                  Goal
   Given an instructional worksheet, the
undergraduate student enrolled in a beginning
  Hawaiian Language course will be able to
 formulate a basic pepeke henua (locational
                 sentence).
Content Analysis
   Synthesize
Content Analysis

Cluster for our Module Prototype
Hierarchy & Cluster
Cluster
Content Analysis
       Target Population

      UH Undergraduates
      Ages 17 to over 65
      Distinctive Multi-Ethnic Mix
      Varying Socioeconomic
Content Analysis
            Target Population
 Audience Analysis
  Personal Interest
  University Requirements
  No Prior Knowledge
  College Level Skills
Content Analysis
             Target Population
 Implications
  Scaffolding
  Imagery and Modeling
  Engaging
  Celebration and Appreciation
Content Analysis
                    Tests
 Multiple Choice
 Pre-test
 Measure
 Embedded Test
 Post-test
Content Analysis
          Instructional Strategy
 Gagne’s Nine Events
  Gaining Attention
  Informing Learners
  Stimulating Recall
  Presenting Stimulus
Content Analysis
          Instructional Strategy
 Gagne’s Nine Events
  Providing Guidance
  Eliciting Performance
  Providing Feedback
  Assessing Performance
  Enhancing Retention & Transfer
Pepeke Henua
                 Agenda
‘Olelo No‘eau
Content Analysis
Module Prototype
Formative Evaluation
Summary & Conclusion
Module Prototype
Introduction
`Ōlelo No`eau
Pre test
Lessons 1 - 5
Post test
Conclusion
Module Prototype
Introduction
`Ōlelo No`eau
Pre test
Lessons 1 - 5
Post test
Conclusion
Module Prototype
Introduction
`Ōlelo No`eau
Pre test
Lessons 1 - 5
Post test
Conclusion
Module Prototype
Introduction
`Ōlelo No`eau
Pre test
Lessons 1 - 5
Post test
Conclusion
Module Prototype
Introduction
`Ōlelo No`eau
Pre test
Lessons 1 - 5
Post test
Conclusion
Module Prototype
Introduction
`Ōlelo No`eau
Pre test
Lessons 1 - 5
Post test
Conclusion
Module Prototype
 Introduction
 `Ōlelo No`eau
 Pre test

Lessons 1 - 5
 Post test
 Conclusion
Module Prototype
 Introduction
 `Ōlelo No`eau
 Pre test

Lessons 1 - 5
 Post test
 Conclusion
Module Prototype
 Introduction
 `Ōlelo No`eau
 Pre test

Lessons 1 - 5
 Post test
 Conclusion
Module Prototype
 Introduction
 `Ōlelo No`eau
 Pre test

Lessons 1 - 5
 Post test
 Conclusion
Module Prototype
 Introduction
 `Ōlelo No`eau
 Pre test

Lessons 1 - 5
 Post test
 Conclusion
Module Prototype
 Introduction
 `Ōlelo No`eau
 Pre test

Lessons 1 - 5
 Post test
 Conclusion
Module Prototype Highlights
      Motivation
          `Ōlelo No`eau


              ‘ike
       hana ka arns.
Ma ka ng one le
      ki
In wor                                 u‘u          .
                                 i ka n he highest.                             ālau
                       E kū l ia         t                           ike i ka h
                                to reach                    pa u ka ‘
                       Strive                      A‘ohe i.                        d in
                                                            ah             t learne
                                                    ho‘ok ledge is no
                                                              w
                                                    All kno school.
                                                              e
                                                      just on
Module Prototype Highlights
Motivation
  `Ōlelo No`eau
   Shaka
Module Prototype Highlights
Motivation
  `Ōlelo No`eau
   Shaka
Module Prototype Highlights




             Using headers
Module Prototype Highlights




            Boxing Objectives
Module Prototype Highlights
Same page for examples & non-examples


  Examples
Module Prototype Highlights
Same page for examples & non-examples
Module Prototype Highlights
Same page for examples & non-examples
Module Prototype Highlights




               Lesson Checks
Pepeke Henua

                 Agenda
‘Olelo No‘eau

Content Analysis

Module Prototype

Formative Evaluation

Summary & Conclusion
Formulative Evaluation
                        Method
 Student Attributes
  4 Beginning Hawaiian Language Students
  18-65 years
  2 Female and 2 Male
  Completion Time
     30 – 45 minutes
Formulative Evaluation
                        Method
 Procedure
   One-on-One Testing
   Observation
     Oral and written comments
     Body language
     Expression

   Talk Alouds
Summative Evaluation
                       Results
 Post-Test
   Three subjects - 4 out of 5
   One subject – 2 out of 5

 Other observations
   Visual helpers or drawings
   Notes in margins and back of paper
   Marking important sections
Evaluation
                      Summary
 What is working well…
   Good use of color and      white     space
   Pictures worked for visual stimuli
   Examples and Non-examples on same page
   Reviewing examples and lessons
   Good use of BOLD and italics
   Format
Evaluation
                     Summary
 We need to fix…
   Problem: Not enough room for notes
   Problem: Page border and lines are distracting
   Problem: Need explanation for pre and post-test
   Problem: Inconsistent test questions
Evaluation
                    Summary
 Next time, we should…
  Problem: Not enough room for notes
    Solution: W I D E R margins

  Problem: Page border and lines are
   distracting
    Solution: Eliminate border and lines
Evaluation
                    Summary
 Next time, we should…
  Problem: Explanation for pre and post-test
    Solution: Provide purpose descriptions

  Problem: Inconsistent test questions
    Solution: Provide consistent test questions
Evaluation
                 Summary
 Let’s keep using…
                                            Revise
                                          instruction
             Conduct
           instructional
Assess       analysis
 needs                                                                                    Design and
   to                                                                    Develop and        conduct
identify                       Write         Develop       Develop          select         formative
goal(s)                    performance     assessment    instructional   instructional   evaluation of
                            obectives      instruments     strategy        materials      instruction
            Analyze
            learners
           and context




                                                                                              Design and
                                                                                                conduct
                                                                                              summative
                                                                                             evaluation of
                                                                                              instruction
Evaluation
                  Summary
 Let’s keep using…
  Consistency and parallelism
  Color and    white   space
  Font effects for emphasis
  Graphics
Evaluation
                      Summary
 Added $$$ and time, let’s have…
  Computer assisted module
    Audio or video classes
        Pronunciation classes
        Augmented reality
        Assisted multiple choice questions
Evaluation
                      Summary
 Added $$$ and time, let’s have…
  Animated graphics
    Gratification if right
    Gentle leading if wrong
Evaluation
 Summary
 Added $$$ and time, let’s have…
   More module prototype testing
   Story line
   Employ an illustrator
   Employ an SME
   More lesson checks
Pepeke Henua

   Ua pau
  [All done]


   Ninau?
 [Question?]
Pepeke Henua

  Mahalo!

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Pepeke Henua Presentation

  • 1. Pepeke Henua Instructional Design University of Hawai‘i, Mānoa ETEC 613 Spring 2011 Instructional Design and Development Laureen Kodani, Melissa Kunitzer, Davileigh Nae‘ole, Jayneen Souza
  • 2. Pepeke Henua Agenda ‘Olelo No‘eau Content Analysis Module Prototype Formative Evaluation Summary & Conclusion
  • 3. ‘Olelo No‘eau ‘A ‘ohe hana nui ke alu ‘ia No task is too big when done together by all.
  • 4. Pepeke Henua Agenda ‘Olelo No‘eau Content Analysis Module Prototype Formative Evaluation Summary & Conclusion
  • 5. Instructional Design Model Which model will we use to design our instruction?
  • 6. Instructional Design Model Dick & Carey Model Revise instruction Conduct instructional Assess analysis needs Design and to Develop and conduct identify Write Develop Develop select formative goal(s) performance assessment instructional instructional evaluation of obectives instruments strategy materials instruction Analyze learners and context Design and conduct summative evaluation of instruction
  • 7. Content Analysis Design Components Identify Instructional Goal(s) Need and Rationale Instructional Goal
  • 8. Content Analysis Design Components Identify Instructional Goal(s) Need and Rationale Instructional Goal
  • 9. Content Analysis Design Components  Analyze Target Population  Learners  Context
  • 10. Content Analysis Design Components Instructional Analysis – Intellectual Skill 4 major steps Determine po‘o Determine piko Determine ‘awe Arrange in correct order
  • 12. Content Analysis Design Components Performance Objectives Assessment Instruments
  • 13. Content Analysis Design Components Performance Objectives Assessment Instruments
  • 14. Content Analysis Design Components Instructional Strategy Methods (Activities) Learning Environment
  • 15. Content Analysis Design Components Assessments Evaluation Improvements
  • 16. Content Analysis Design Components Assessments Evaluation Improvements
  • 17. Content Analysis Design Components Assessments Evaluation Improvements
  • 18. Content Analysis Goal Given an instructional worksheet, the undergraduate student enrolled in a beginning Hawaiian Language course will be able to formulate a basic pepeke henua (locational sentence).
  • 19. Content Analysis Synthesize
  • 20. Content Analysis Cluster for our Module Prototype
  • 23. Content Analysis Target Population  UH Undergraduates  Ages 17 to over 65  Distinctive Multi-Ethnic Mix  Varying Socioeconomic
  • 24. Content Analysis Target Population  Audience Analysis Personal Interest University Requirements No Prior Knowledge College Level Skills
  • 25. Content Analysis Target Population  Implications Scaffolding Imagery and Modeling Engaging Celebration and Appreciation
  • 26. Content Analysis Tests  Multiple Choice  Pre-test  Measure  Embedded Test  Post-test
  • 27. Content Analysis Instructional Strategy  Gagne’s Nine Events Gaining Attention Informing Learners Stimulating Recall Presenting Stimulus
  • 28. Content Analysis Instructional Strategy  Gagne’s Nine Events Providing Guidance Eliciting Performance Providing Feedback Assessing Performance Enhancing Retention & Transfer
  • 29. Pepeke Henua Agenda ‘Olelo No‘eau Content Analysis Module Prototype Formative Evaluation Summary & Conclusion
  • 30. Module Prototype Introduction `Ōlelo No`eau Pre test Lessons 1 - 5 Post test Conclusion
  • 31. Module Prototype Introduction `Ōlelo No`eau Pre test Lessons 1 - 5 Post test Conclusion
  • 32. Module Prototype Introduction `Ōlelo No`eau Pre test Lessons 1 - 5 Post test Conclusion
  • 33. Module Prototype Introduction `Ōlelo No`eau Pre test Lessons 1 - 5 Post test Conclusion
  • 34. Module Prototype Introduction `Ōlelo No`eau Pre test Lessons 1 - 5 Post test Conclusion
  • 35. Module Prototype Introduction `Ōlelo No`eau Pre test Lessons 1 - 5 Post test Conclusion
  • 36. Module Prototype  Introduction  `Ōlelo No`eau  Pre test Lessons 1 - 5  Post test  Conclusion
  • 37. Module Prototype  Introduction  `Ōlelo No`eau  Pre test Lessons 1 - 5  Post test  Conclusion
  • 38. Module Prototype  Introduction  `Ōlelo No`eau  Pre test Lessons 1 - 5  Post test  Conclusion
  • 39. Module Prototype  Introduction  `Ōlelo No`eau  Pre test Lessons 1 - 5  Post test  Conclusion
  • 40. Module Prototype  Introduction  `Ōlelo No`eau  Pre test Lessons 1 - 5  Post test  Conclusion
  • 41. Module Prototype  Introduction  `Ōlelo No`eau  Pre test Lessons 1 - 5  Post test  Conclusion
  • 42. Module Prototype Highlights Motivation `Ōlelo No`eau ‘ike hana ka arns. Ma ka ng one le ki In wor u‘u . i ka n he highest. ālau E kū l ia t ike i ka h to reach pa u ka ‘ Strive A‘ohe i. d in ah t learne ho‘ok ledge is no w All kno school. e just on
  • 43. Module Prototype Highlights Motivation `Ōlelo No`eau  Shaka
  • 44. Module Prototype Highlights Motivation `Ōlelo No`eau  Shaka
  • 46. Module Prototype Highlights Boxing Objectives
  • 47. Module Prototype Highlights Same page for examples & non-examples Examples
  • 48. Module Prototype Highlights Same page for examples & non-examples
  • 49. Module Prototype Highlights Same page for examples & non-examples
  • 51. Pepeke Henua Agenda ‘Olelo No‘eau Content Analysis Module Prototype Formative Evaluation Summary & Conclusion
  • 52. Formulative Evaluation Method  Student Attributes 4 Beginning Hawaiian Language Students 18-65 years 2 Female and 2 Male Completion Time 30 – 45 minutes
  • 53. Formulative Evaluation Method  Procedure  One-on-One Testing  Observation  Oral and written comments  Body language  Expression  Talk Alouds
  • 54. Summative Evaluation Results  Post-Test  Three subjects - 4 out of 5  One subject – 2 out of 5  Other observations  Visual helpers or drawings  Notes in margins and back of paper  Marking important sections
  • 55. Evaluation Summary  What is working well…  Good use of color and white space  Pictures worked for visual stimuli  Examples and Non-examples on same page  Reviewing examples and lessons  Good use of BOLD and italics  Format
  • 56. Evaluation Summary  We need to fix…  Problem: Not enough room for notes  Problem: Page border and lines are distracting  Problem: Need explanation for pre and post-test  Problem: Inconsistent test questions
  • 57. Evaluation Summary  Next time, we should… Problem: Not enough room for notes Solution: W I D E R margins Problem: Page border and lines are distracting Solution: Eliminate border and lines
  • 58. Evaluation Summary  Next time, we should… Problem: Explanation for pre and post-test Solution: Provide purpose descriptions Problem: Inconsistent test questions Solution: Provide consistent test questions
  • 59. Evaluation Summary  Let’s keep using… Revise instruction Conduct instructional Assess analysis needs Design and to Develop and conduct identify Write Develop Develop select formative goal(s) performance assessment instructional instructional evaluation of obectives instruments strategy materials instruction Analyze learners and context Design and conduct summative evaluation of instruction
  • 60. Evaluation Summary  Let’s keep using… Consistency and parallelism Color and white space Font effects for emphasis Graphics
  • 61. Evaluation Summary  Added $$$ and time, let’s have… Computer assisted module Audio or video classes  Pronunciation classes  Augmented reality  Assisted multiple choice questions
  • 62. Evaluation Summary  Added $$$ and time, let’s have… Animated graphics Gratification if right Gentle leading if wrong
  • 63. Evaluation  Summary Added $$$ and time, let’s have… More module prototype testing Story line Employ an illustrator Employ an SME More lesson checks
  • 64. Pepeke Henua Ua pau [All done] Ninau? [Question?]
  • 65. Pepeke Henua Mahalo!

Notas del editor

  1. Aloha `ahi `ahi Mahalo for attending our presentation tonight. Our instructional design is Pepeke Henua, a location sentence structure in the Hawaiian Language. Our group members are Melissa, Kahea, Kehau and myself.
  2. Briefly read the agenda list. 
  3. Tonight’s `olelo is…. POLL: How many of you are aware that the Hawaiian Language is an official language in Hawai`i and recognized by the US Gov? YES or NO?
  4. The purpose of the Units is to learn how to formulate a basic pepeke henua or location sentence by designing lessons which scaffold upon each other. As in all languages, sentence structure is essential. Beginning ‘Ōlelo Hawai‘i students learn many different types of sentence structures or pepeke. This instruction was designed to provide the necessary tools for constructing a basic pepeke henua (locational sentence) to University of Hawai‘i college students enrolled in a beginning ‘Ōlelo Hawai‘i course.
  5. As we have been learning over the last two semesters, when designing instruction, we ask ourselves, which model will we use to design the instruction? In this case, Peter had us use….NEXT slide…
  6. … the Dick & Carey Systems Approach. This is the model we used to determine the Design Components of our Instruction
  7. There are several components to design. Last semester, ETEC600, we learned about needs assessments. We first identified a need (problem) and determined a rationale for the instruction. What is it specifically that our learners need to know? What is the desired outcome?
  8. Identifying the need and rationale provided a foundation for our instructional goal. Given an instructional worksheet, the undergraduate student enrolled in a beginning Hawaiian Language course will be able to formulate a basic pepeke henua (locational sentence).
  9. Next, we analyzed the learners and context to distinguish our target population. At this time, they are like shadows and we need to define them better and in many ways, put faces to our learners. Kehau will provide more detail about our target audience shortly.
  10. The next several activities proved to be some of the most difficult for our group. It required ALL of our gears to work hard and we found ourselves revising along the way as we gained a better perspective of the instruction. DOMAIN OF LEARNING = COGNITIVE The instructional analysis was derived in large part by academic and/or personal experiences by our team members. However, there is a specific structure to follow. What is the required outcome to achieve our goal? The learner will be able to formulate a pepeke henua (locational sentence). 4 major steps **Sub-steps **Sub-skills Cognitive Strategies - scaffolding
  11. We used the top – down format that Peter suggested to design our hierarchy chart Terminal objective = Problem solving Steps = Rules Sub-steps = Concepts Sub-skills = Discriminations EL behavior
  12. At this point, we were able to begin writing our performance objectives. We used the ABCD format, audience, behavior, condition, and degree. OBSERVABLE VERBS One of the most challenging aspects of this section was determining the appropriate verb to use and to be clear about the degree of the performance objective. We had several drafts and revisions before the final objectives were determined.
  13. After the performance objectives were complete, we began determining assessment instruments. We chose, multiple choice questions and parallelism for our assessment instruments, as addressed in our CAR and implemented in our Module Prototype.
  14. Methods (Activities) – Description, Examples vs Non-examples, Lesson Check, Answer & Feedback Learning environment – F2F
  15. Once the assessments were done….NEXT SLIDE
  16. We understand an evaluation process is critical, so thank you to our fellow classmates, TA, and Peter -we received valuable feedback….NEXT SLIDE
  17. … to make improvements before implementing our module prototype.
  18. Let’s review our terminal goal
  19. All of the planning process came together as we synthesized each component.
  20. To design our module prototype, we needed to choose a cluster from our hierarchy chart. Kehau will share how we did that.
  21. Undergraduates at a University of Hawai’i System Ages 17 to over 65 years ol Distinctive Multi-Ethnic mix Varying socioeconomic backgrounds Attain and Utilize Information
  22. Personal interests in the language and culture of Hawaii Pre-requisite course to fulfill University requirements No prior knowledge of Hawaiian language Cognitive level is age appropriate
  23. How does this affect the instruction? Knowledge acquisition: scaffolding of vocabulary and pronunciation Instructional materials and pedagogy include imagery, modeling, questioning, guided feedback, coaching  Engage in social interaction to practice oral as well as written skills Celebration and appreciation of ‘ohana will be thematic through out instruction to derive relevance and personal connection
  24. All tests are multiple-choice Pre- and post-tests prior to module to measure strengths and weaknesses, as well as whether the instruction is necessary Embedded tests: determine new concepts learned include answer key with immediate feedback
  25. Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction: gaining attention (reception)       Motivation: (2) informing learners of the objective (expectancy) Examples and Non-Examples (3) stimulating recall of prior learning (retrieval) (4) presenting the stimulus (selective perception)
  26. Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction: (5) providing learning guidance (semantic encoding) (6) eliciting performance (responding) (7) providing feedback (reinforcement)
  27. Our module prototype contained the following sections.
  28. Our module prototype contained the following sections.
  29. In addition, each section contained 6 parts.
  30. In addition, each section contained 6 parts.
  31. In addition, each section contained 6 parts.
  32. In addition, each section contained 6 parts.
  33. In addition, each section contained 6 parts.
  34. In addition, each section contained 6 parts.
  35. In our module we used olelo noeau (traditional hawaiian sayings) to motivate our students.
  36. We also use the image of a shaka as a motivator
  37. And included the shaka image with motivating text at the end of each lesson
  38. And included the shaka image with motivating text at the end of each lesson
  39. And included the shaka image with motivating text at the end of each lesson
  40. And included the shaka image with motivating text at the end of each lesson
  41. And included the shaka image with motivating text at the end of each lesson
  42. And included the shaka image with motivating text at the end of each lesson
  43. Using motivation ‘ olelo no`eau Shaka Clean & Neat Layout Boxing the objectives To focus learner on key information for the lesson Having Examples & No Examples on the same page to give the learner a direct contrast Clear & Crisp Images to support lesson points Using headers to orientate the learner Since lessons flow through a number of pages Lesson Checks (embedded questions)
  44. The purpose of the Units is to learn how to formulate a basic pepeke henua or location sentence by designing lessons which scaffold upon each other.   To help with memorization, a visual mnemonic was introduced. Visualizing a he‘e or octopus body will help you see the different parts of the pepeke. Po‘o (head) + Piko (body) + ‘Awe (tentacles)  
  45. Module Prototype testing – One on one and small groups