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Household Behavior and Consumer Choice
Understanding the Microeconomy and the Role of Government ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Chapters 9-10 Chapters 6-7 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Chapter 11 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Chapters 12-15 Chapters 7-8 Chapter 5 Part Three Part Two
Firms and Household Decisions
Perfect Competition  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Perfect Knowledge  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Household Choice in Output Markets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Determinants of Household Demand  (review) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Factors that influence the quantity of a given good or service demanded by a single household include:
The Budget Constraint ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Budget Constraint ,[object Object]
Choice Set or Opportunity Set ,[object Object],EXPENSES OTHER $350 100 150 200 FOOD AVAILABLE? TOTAL RENT OPTION 100 150 200 $250 $ No 1,200 1,000 D Yes 1,000 700 C Yes 1,000 600 B Yes $1,000 400 A MONTHLY  Possible Budget Choices of a Person Earning $1,000 Per Month After Taxes
The Budget Constraint ,[object Object],where:  I  = consumer’s income X  = quantity of good  X  purchased Y  = quantity of good  Y  purchased P X  = price of good  X P Y   = price of good  Y
The Budget Line ,[object Object],[object Object],Budget Line
The Budget Line ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Budget Line ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Budget Line ,[object Object]
The Budget Line ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Basis of Choice: Utility ,[object Object],[object Object]
Diminishing Marginal Utility ,[object Object],[object Object]
Diminishing Marginal Utility ,[object Object]
The Utility-Maximizing Rule ,[object Object],where:  MU X  = marginal utility derived from the last unit of  X  consumed. MU Y  = marginal utility derived from the last unit of  Y  consumed. Y  = quantity of  Y  purchased P X  = price of good  X P Y   = price of good  Y
Allocation of Fixed Expenditure Per Week Between Two Alternatives 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 $ (4) PRICE (P) 0.7 2 34 5 1.3 4 32 4 2.0 6 28 3 0 0 34 6 3.3 10 22 2 4.0 12 12 1 (5) MARGINAL UTILITY PER DOLLAR (MU/P) (3) MARGINAL UTILITY (MU) (2) TOTAL UTILITY (1) TRIPS TO CLUB PER WEEK 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 $ (4)  (P) .5 3 51 5 1.0 6 48 4 1.5 9 42 3 0 0 51 6 2.0 12 33 2 3.5 21 21 1 (5)  (MU/P) (3)  (MU) (2) TOTAL UTILITY (1) BASKETBALL GAMES PER WEEK
Diminishing Marginal Utility and Downward-Sloping Demand ,[object Object],[object Object]
Income and Substitution Effects ,[object Object],[object Object],Price changes affect households in two ways:
The Income Effect of a Price Change ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Substitution Effect of a Price Change ,[object Object],[object Object]
Income and Substitution Effects of a Price Change Price of a good or service Household buys less Substitution effect Opportunity cost of the good rises Household buys less Income effect Household is worse off Household buys more Substitution effect Opportunity cost of the good falls Household buys more Income effect Household is better off FALLS RISES
Consumer Surplus ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Diamond/Water Paradox ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Household Choice in Input Markets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],As in output markets, households face constrained choices in input markets.  They must decide:
The Price of Leisure ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Labor Supply Curve ,[object Object]
Income and Substitution Effects of a Wage Change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Income and Substitution Effects of a Wage Change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Saving and Borrowing:  Present Versus Future Consumption ,[object Object]
Saving and Borrowing:  Present Versus Future Consumption ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Ch05

  • 1. Household Behavior and Consumer Choice
  • 2.
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  • 5.
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  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
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  • 21. Allocation of Fixed Expenditure Per Week Between Two Alternatives 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 $ (4) PRICE (P) 0.7 2 34 5 1.3 4 32 4 2.0 6 28 3 0 0 34 6 3.3 10 22 2 4.0 12 12 1 (5) MARGINAL UTILITY PER DOLLAR (MU/P) (3) MARGINAL UTILITY (MU) (2) TOTAL UTILITY (1) TRIPS TO CLUB PER WEEK 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 $ (4) (P) .5 3 51 5 1.0 6 48 4 1.5 9 42 3 0 0 51 6 2.0 12 33 2 3.5 21 21 1 (5) (MU/P) (3) (MU) (2) TOTAL UTILITY (1) BASKETBALL GAMES PER WEEK
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. Income and Substitution Effects of a Price Change Price of a good or service Household buys less Substitution effect Opportunity cost of the good rises Household buys less Income effect Household is worse off Household buys more Substitution effect Opportunity cost of the good falls Household buys more Income effect Household is better off FALLS RISES
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.

Notas del editor

  1. Information of household income and wealth, together with information on product prices, makes it possible to distinguish those combinations of goods and services that are affordable from those that are not.
  2. Information of household income and wealth, together with information on product prices, makes it possible to distinguish those combinations of goods and services that are affordable from those that are not.