1. Networking
Name:- Karanjeet Singh
Class:- XII
Sec:- B
Roll No. :-16
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2. 
INDEX
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3. Presented by:
Karanjeet Singh
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 A network consists of two or more computers that
are linked in order to share resources, exchange
files, or allow electronic communications.
 The computers on a network may be linked through
cables, telephone lines, radio waves, satellites, or
infrared light beams
Computer Network:
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 File sharing
 Resource sharing
 Communication and collaboration
 Remote access
 Data protection
Need of Computer Network:
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 Routers
 Gateways
 Repeaters
 Bridges
 Hub
 Modem
Devices Use To Connect Network:
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 Local Area Network
 Wide Area Network
 Metropolitan Area Network
Types Of Network:
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 A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers
and associated devices that share a common
communications line or wireless link.
 Typically, connected devices share the resources of a
single processor or server within a small geographic
area .
 . A local area network may serve as few as two or
three users or as many as thousands of users.
Local Area Network:
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 The WAN is a communications network that makes
use of existing technology to connect local
computer networks into a larger working network
that may cover both national and international
locations.
Wide Area Network:
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 A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network that
interconnects users with computer resources in a geographic
area or region larger than that covered by even a large local
area network but smaller than the area covered by a wide area
network (WAN).
 It is also used to mean the interconnection of several local area
networks by bridging them with backbone lines
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN):
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Network Topologies
 Network Topology – Maps of how the physical or logical paths of network devices
connect. The three major topologies are star, ring, and bus.
 Star Topology – Most common Ethernet network topology where each device
connects to a central hub or switch.
 Hub – A device used with the Universal Serial Bus or in a star network topology that
allows multiple device connections.
 Switch – In star networks, a Layer 2 central controlling device. A switch looks at
each data frame as it comes through each port.
 Ring Topology – Network that is physically wired like a star network but, logically
in a ring; passes control from one device to the next in a continuous fashion using a
special data packet called a token. Used in Token Ring networks.
 Bus Topology – Network wherein all devices connect to a single cable. If the cable
fails, the network is down.
 Mesh Topology – Network where all devices connect to each other by cabling to
provide link redundancy for maximum fault tolerance. Most likely in WANs.
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Network Topologies
Hub/Switch
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Network Topologies
Star Topology
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Network Topologies
Logical Ring Topology
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Network Topologies
Bus Topology
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Network Topologies
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