1. THE 20th CENTURY Edvard MUNCH The Scream 1893 fin de siecle "end of the century”

3. Sigmund FREUD (1856-1939) • father of PSYCHOANALYSIS • investigations into the SUBCONSCIOUS MIND

4. Edweard MUYBRIDGE Photographic Studies of Movement Palo Alto 1878-79

5. Étienne-Jules MAREY Photographic Studies of Movement late 1880’s

6. POST IMPRESSIONISTS (1880’s - early 1900’s) sought to use color and line to describe their emotional responses to the scene before them VAN GOGH 1853-1890 CEZANNE 1839-1906 GAUGUIN 1848-1903 THE FOUNDATIONS OF 20th CENTURY PAINTING Between 1901-06, several comprehensive van Gogh, Gauguin & Cezanne exhibitions held in Paris and Germany

7. Henri ROUSSEAU Sleeping Gypsy 1897 • self taught painter, admired by PICASSO THE TURN OF THE CENTURY • a preview of the coming century

8. Fauvism ( wild beasts ) was an art movement that used intense sometimes clashing or unnatural colors and bold brush strokes as seen in Joy of Life (1905) and Harmony in Red (1908) by Henri Matisse, The Blue House (1906) by Maurice de Vlaminck, and St. Paul’s Cathedral seen from the Thames (1906) by André Derain.

9. LES FAUVES Henri MATISSE THE WILD BEASTS 20th CENTURY EXPRESSIONISM • leader of this loosely knit group • experimentation and exploration

10. Andre DERAIN LES FAUVES - FAUVISM THE WILD BEASTS 20th CENTURY EXPRESSIONISM • wild “VIOLENT” colors • distortion of forms and perspective

11. LES FAUVES - FAUVISM THE WILD BEASTS VLAMNICK 20th CENTURY EXPRESSIONISM

12. EXPRESSIONISM • emotional • unrestrained color • bold distortions • takes root in GERMANY Wassily KANDINSKY Ernst Ludwig KIRCHNER • URBAN ANGST • PURE PAINTING

13. Cubism is a movement in art, characterized by subjects reduced to geometric shapes such as cubes, shows different views and angles of an object that couldn’t be seen normally like a 3-D picture flattened out as seen in The Three Musicians (1921) and Guernica (1937) by Pablo Picasso,Bottle and Fishes (1910) and Man and a Guitar (1911) by George Braque

14. Pablo PICASSO ABSTRACTION CUBISM Les Demoiselles d’Avignon 1906 • deconstruction of the notion of beauty • fractured & redefined pictorial space • redefined painting: rejects the idea of BEAUTY as the goal of art THE 20TH CENTURY

15. GIRL BEFORE A MIRROR - 1932 BUST OF WOMAN WITH A HAT - 1962 BABY IN POLKA DOT ROBE - 1947

16. NAKED WOMAN UNDER A PINE TREE - 1959 RAPE OF THE SABINE WOMEN - 1963 YOUNG GIRL - 1970

17. THE BULLFIGHT - 1934

18. Pablo PICASSO Georges BRAQUE MORE CONCEPTUAL THAN PERCEPTUAL ANALYTIC CUBISM • a cerebral interpretation of nature • an analytical abstraction ABSTRACTION THE 20TH CENTURY

19. Synthetic Cubism Collage of elements Picasso Braque THE 20TH CENTURY • abstraction through synthesis of elements ABSTRACTION

20. CUBISM … an evolution of a style Juan GRIS Robert DELAUNAY Sonya DELAUNAY THE 20TH CENTURY • widespread influence of CUBISM • evolves into many variations • introduction of strong color ABSTRACTION

21. Futurism is an Italian art movement celebrating noise, technology, machines, war, photography and movement, characterized by contrast, speed, and restlessness of modern life as seen in Street Light, Study of Light (1909) and Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash (1912) by Giacomo Balla, Dynamism of a Soccer Player (1913) by Umberto Boccioni, and Armoured Train (1915) by Gino Severini.

22. Marcel DUCHAMP Nude Descending a Staircase Futurism - Movement - Speed Futurist Manifesto 1909 - Anarchy, Violence THE 20TH CENTURY ABSTRACTION

23. FUTURISM Umberto BOCCIONI • frenzied, frenetic, fractured • celebrates industrialized urban life THE 20TH CENTURY ABSTRACTION • revels in the promise of industry & technology • incorporates CUBISM

24. Futurism Ferdinand LEGER • the new urban WORLD • industrial UTOPIA THE 20TH CENTURY • optimism and faith in a better future through technology ABSTRACTION FUTURISM glorifies and celebrates:

25. Orphism is an art movement sometimes called Orphic Cubism, characterized by use of circles, and overlapping planes of bright, contrasting colors as seen in Simultaneous Contrasts: Sun and Moon (1912) and Carousel with Pigs (1922) by Robert Delaunay and Rythme Couleur (1958) Electric Prisms (1914) by his wife Sonia Delaunay

26. WORLD WAR I 1914 - 1917 THE MACHINE GUN THE 20TH CENTURY

27. WORLD WAR I • THE GREAT WAR “ The war to end all wars” … the dreams & promises of an industrialized UTOPIA are shattered … a glimpse of the future THE 20TH CENTURY

28. 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I FRANCE (PARIS), ITALY - DADA, SURREALISM GERMANY (BERLIN) - GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM RUSSIA - SUPREMATISM, CONSTRUCTIVISM HOLLAND - DE STIJL (The STYLE) GERMANY - the BAUHAUS

29. da da DA DA da AFTER THE GREAT WAR…

30. • DA: YES in RUMANIAN • the French word for “HOBBY HORSE” • a child’s first few words DADA 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I

31. Hugo BALL Dada Poem 1917 MAN RAY Cadeau (the Gift) 1958 (replica of 1921 original) Francis Picabia Portrait of Cezanne 1920 • a subversive movement: ANTI -EVERYTHING • attacked the notions held by BOURGEOIS society • celebrates & elevates absurdity da da

32. DADA Raoul HAUSMANN The Art Critic 1919-20 COLLAGE • favorite of the DADAISTS • cut outs from mass media: newspapers & magazines 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I

33. Marcel DUCHAMP The Fountain 1917 (aka: R. Mutt) 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I “ READYMADES” ...SHOCK, PUZZLE & TEASE da da

34. da da 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I DUCHAMP’S “READYMADES” Bicycle wheel 1913 In Advance of a Broken Arm 1915 challenges every artistic notion of the value of artistic skill L.H.O.O.Q. 1919

35. Surrealism is a form of art characterized by a dreamlike quality, confusing images, strange combinations of objects and shapes as seen in Constellations (1940+) by Joan Miro’ (Sp.), The Persistence of Memory (1933) by Salvador Dali (Sp.), The Son of Man (1964) by Rene’ Magritte (Bel.), and I and the Village (1911) by Marc Chagall (Russ.)

36. SURREALISM 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I • DADA falls apart • an outgrowth of DADA • fantastic landscapes and environments of the mind Giorgio de CHIRICO

37. Rene MAGRITTE SURREALISM 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I • new visions of the “INTERNAL WORLD” • dream - like images • explorations into the UNCONSCIOUS MIND

38. SURREALISM Salvador DALI 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I • nightmarish visions • consummate technician

39. Expressionism is an art movement characterized by human feelings like fear, showing tragedy like the horrors of war, darker colors, and angry strokes, as seen in Scream (1893) and The Dead Mother (1897) by Edvard Munch, Christ’s Entry into Brussels (1889) and Skeletons Warming Themselves at a Stove (1889) by James Ensor.

40. GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I Ernst Ludwig KIRCHNER URBAN ANGST • GERMANY: 1920’s -30’s (between WWI & WWII) • GERMANY in turmoil • bankrupt economy • chaos & anarchy

41. GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM Max BECKMAN 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I • an angry, cruel world

42. GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM Max BECKMAN 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I • bold colors, crude, angular strokes • content is pessimistic, chaotic, angry • crowded, jumbled, confused

43. Kasimir MALEVICH … BEFORE the RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I • influenced by CUBISM & FUTURISM

44. the RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 1917 “ BREAD, PEACE and LAND” The FALL of the LAST MAJOR AUTOCRATIC MONARCHY in EUROPE THE RISE OF SOCIALISM 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I

45. SOCIALISM so cial•ism, n. 1. The theory or system of the ownership and operation of the means of production and distribution by the society or community rather than by private individuals, with all the members of the society or community sharing the work and the products

46. COMMUNISM com mu•nism, n. (Fr. communisme, from L. communis , common) 1. An economic theory or system of the ownership of all the property by the community of society sharing in the work and the products

47. 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I Vladimir Illyich LENIN U.S.S.R. U nited S oviet S ocialist R epublic 1917

48. SUPREMATISM ABSTRACTION THE 20TH CENTURY

49. 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I SUPREMATISM … a new art for the new WORKER’S UTOPIA • LINE, SHAPE and COLOR distilled to its PURE essence Kasimir MALEVICH • rejects all the “OLD” / creation of a NEW AESTHETIC

50. SUPREMATISM MALEVICH 1915 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I RUSSIA

51. CONSTRUCTIVISM ABSTRACTION THE 20TH CENTURY

52. 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I CONSTRUCTIVISM • incorporates MALEVICH’S ideas - PROMOTION of SOCIALLIST VALUES • visual foundation of today’s GRAPHIC DESIGN Lazar Markovich LISSITZKY 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I

53. 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I Alexander RODCHENKO Novyi Lef (Left Front of the Arts) Poster of LENIN: BREAD, PEACE , LAND CONSTRUCTIVISM

54. Abstractionism is an art movement from the early to mid 1900’s, which is characterized by non-representational 2 dimensional forms, simple shapes and lines, not a lot of blending, and pure colors as seen in White Center by Mark Rothko, Broadway Boogie Woogie by Piet Mondrian, Red Canna by Georgia O’Keeffe (1924), and Composition #4 by Wassily Kandinsky (1911).

55. DE STIJL Piet MONDRIAN (The STYLE) … after WORLD WAR I 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I

56. DE STIJL (The STYLE) Theo van DOESBURG Piet MONDRIAN 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I

57. BAUHAUS 1919-1933 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I The ART SCHOOL of MODERNIST TRENDS

58. 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I THE BAUHAUS

59. 20TH CENTURY …after WORLD WAR I into WORLD WAR II 1938

60. WORLD WAR II Guernica, Picasso 1937