1. Gerund (Gerundio)
El gerundio y el infinitivo son formas de los verbos que actuan como nombres.
El gerundio se forma con "-ing" (walking, eating, etc.). Como hemos visto en la
lección sobre los verbos, el infinitivo se forma con la preposición "to" (to walk, to
eat, etc.).
Grammatical Rules (Reglas gramaticales)
1. Podemos usar el gerundio o el infinitivo como objeto, sujeto o
complemento de una frase, pero en general, es mucho más común usar
el gerundio como sujeto.
o Ejemplos:
o Objeto
o I like cooking.
I like cooking./I like to cook. (Me gusta cocinar.)
o She continued working.
She continued working./She continued to work. (Continuó
trabajando.)
o Sujeto
o Swimming is good exercise.
Swimming is good exercise. (Nadar es un buen ejercicio.)
o Drinking and driving is dangerous.
Drinking and driving is dangerous. (Beber y conducir es peligroso.)
o Complemento
o The best thing to do when you are sick is to drink a lot of water.
The best thing to do when you are sick is to drink a lot of water. (Lo
mejor que puedes hacer cuando estás enfermo es beber mucha
agua.)
o My favorite exercise is swimming.

2. My favorite exercise is swimming. (Mi ejercicio favorito es la
natación.)
2. Cuando un verbo sigue otro verbo, siempre necesitamos usar el
infinitivo o el gerundio. Normalmente usamos el infinitivo después de
algunos verbos y el gerundio después de otros. También hay verbos con los
que podemos usar el gerundio o el infinitivo.
o Ejemplos:
o I can't afford to buy a new car.
I can't afford to buy a new car. (No puede permitirse comprar un
coche nuevo.)
o He began to doubt himself.
He began to doubt himself./He began doubting himself. (Comenzó a
dudar de sí mismo.)
o They decided to move to Australia in May.
They decided to move to Australia in May. (Decidieron mudarse a
Australia en Mayo.)
o I enjoy listening to music.
I enjoy listening to music. (Disfruto escuchar música.)
o She hates studying.
She hates studying./She hates to study. (Odia estudiar.)
o You love dancing.
You love dancing./You love to dance. (Te encanta bailar.)
o He needed to leave class early because he had an appointment.
He needed to leave class early because he had an appointment.
(Tenía que salir de la clase pronto porque tenía una cita.)
o She can't tolerate complaining.
She can't tolerate complaining. (No puede tolerar quejas.)

3. o I tried learning English.
I tried learning English./I tried to learn English. (He intentado
aprender inglés.)
Verbo Gerundio Infinitivo
Afford
X
Afford
Agree
X
Agree
Attempt
X
Attempt
Begin
X X
Begin
Choose
X
Choose
Continue
X X
Continue
Decide
X
Decide
Detest
X
Detest
Enjoy
X
Enjoy
Expect
X
Expect
Fail
X
Fail
Finish
X
Finish
Hate
X X
Hate
Hope
X
Hope
Imagine
X
Imagine
Intend
X
Intend
Keep
X
Keep

4. Learn
X
Learn
Like
X X
Like
Love
X X
Love
Manage
X
Manage
Need
X
Need
Offer
X
Offer
Plan
X
Plan
Prefer
X X
Prefer
Promise
X
Promise
Quit
X
Quit
Recommend
X
Recommend
Refuse
X
Refuse
Regret
X
Regret
Seem
X
Seem
Start
X X
Start
Suggest
X
Suggest
Tend
X
Tend
Threaten
X
Threaten
Tolerate
X
Tolerate
Try X X

5. Try
Understand
X
Understand
Want
X
Want
Wish
X X
Wish
3. Con algunos verbos, cuando usamos el gerundio o el infinitivo, el
significado cambia.
o Ejemplos:
o I forgot writing that email.
I forgot writing that email./I forgot to write that email. (Me olvidé
escribiendo ese correo electrónico./Me olvidé de escribir el correo
electrónico.)
o Stop watching the television.
Stop watching the television./Stop to watch the news. (Dejar de ver la
televisión./Parar para ver las noticias.)
forget, mean, remember, stop...
4. Se usa el infinitivo después de adjetivos.
o Ejemplos:
o I'm glad to see you.
I'm glad to see you. (Me alegro de verte.)
o She was surprised to find the door unlocked.
She was surprised to find the door unlocked. (Se sorprendió al
encontrar la puerta abierta.)
disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised...
5. Después de preposiciones solo podemos usar el gerundio.

6. o Ejemplos:
o He's good at listening.
He's good at listening. (Escucha bien.)
o I always read before going to bed.
I always read before going to bed. (Siempre leo antes de acostarme.)
o You can't leave without saying goodbye.
You can't leave without saying goodbye. (No puedes salir sin
despedirte.)
about, against, at, after, before, by, on, without...
6. Se usa el gerundio después de unos nombres.
o Ejemplos:
o What is the advantage of waiting?
What is the advantage of waiting? (¿Cuál es la ventaja de esperar?)
o I am interested in taking an English class.
I am interested in taking an English class. (Estoy interesado en tomar
una clase de inglés.)
o His problem finding a new jow was his lack of experience.
His problem finding a new job was his lack of experience. (Su
problema para encontrar un nuevo empleo era su falta de
experiencia.)
advantage/disadvantage of, danger of, experience in, interested in,
opportunity of, reason for, problem, use...
7. Se usa el gerundio después de unas expresiones o verbos frasales.
to look forward to, to be worth, can't help, don't mind, feel like...
o Ejemplos:

7. o We're really looking fordward to seeing you.
We're really looking forward to seeing you. (Tenemos muchas ganas
de verte.)
o The movie was not worth seeing.
That movie was not worth seeing. (No vale la pena ver esa película.)
o I can't help falling in love.
I can't help falling in love. (No puedo evitar enamorarme.)
EXAMPLES:
I like writing.(Me gusta escribir)
You enjoy cooking.(Disfruto cocinar)
He was surprised to find the dog died.(Se
sorprendió al encontrar su perro muerto.)
I am interested takin an swim class.(Estoy
interesada en tomar una clase de natación).
You are really looking forward to dancing seeing
you.(Tenemos muchas ganas de verte)
Gerund (Gerundio)
Lección gramática: Gerund
I hope to go (go) to England next year.
They enjoy working (work) together.
Do you want to study (study) with me tonight?

8. David quit smoking (smoke) a year ago.
We were nervous to take (take) the exam.
He always takes a nap after eating (eat) a big meal.
I have no experience in working (work) with children.
We're looking forward to meeting (meet) you!
Carla doesn't feel like cooking (cook) tonight, so we are going to a restaurant.
Sue was relieved to learn (learn) that she didn't have cancer.