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Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Central ohio business development Mission to india,[object Object]
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Photos Courtesy of James Schimmer, Director, Franklin County Economic Development & Planning Department,[object Object]
GAME CHANGERS ,[object Object],INDIA’S SECOND DECADE OF THE 21ST CENTURY,[object Object],                  Kegler Brown, Columbus, Ohio – March  2011,[object Object]
Afghanistan,[object Object],POK,[object Object],China,[object Object],Pakistan,[object Object],Nepal,[object Object],Bhutan,[object Object],Bangladesh,[object Object],India,[object Object],Myanmar,[object Object]
26/11 Terrorist Attack on Mumbai,[object Object]
$1.7 Trillion in Infrastructure Required Over Next 5 Years,[object Object],20,000 Km of road projects,[object Object],150,000 MW of new power plants,[object Object],Upgrade of 25 existing airports,[object Object],A new air force,[object Object],Greenfield development of 25 new airports,[object Object],A deep water navy,[object Object],12 new port/container projects,[object Object],20,000 MW of nuclear power,[object Object]
The Next North SeaKrishna-Godavari Gas Discovery,[object Object],Largest Refinery in the World Jamnagar,[object Object]
The Next North SeaKrishna-Godavari Gas Discovery,[object Object]
Organized Retail Enters IndiaUnshackling India’s Farm-to-Market Supply Chain,[object Object]
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
300 Million Middle Class,[object Object]
Manufacturing Hub of South AsiaSkilled Manpower and a Massive Domestic Market,[object Object]
Special Economic Zones (SEZs),[object Object]
Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India
Can India Sustain its Competitive Edge ?,[object Object],PHARMACEUTICALS,[object Object],	#1  in Generic Pharmaceuticals  ,[object Object],   IPR Protections will need strengthening if India is to become the Innovation Nation of the 21st Century ,[object Object]
TELECOM,[object Object],10 million new cell phone users each month!,[object Object],But can transparency issues be overcome as new spectrum is allocated?,[object Object]
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,[object Object],[object Object]
But will India adopt Intercept Policies  that balance security and commercial interests?  ,[object Object]
WHYINDIA ?,[object Object],Coherent democracy; Pluralist/Secular,[object Object],[object Object]
Common Values: Ainst Terrorism, Trafficking, Narcotics
Ideological Partner re: Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, China
Common Law Judicial System
2nd largest number of Doctors, Engineers, PhDs in the world
100,000 Students to U.S. Each Year
1.8 mil Americans of Indian Origin
Politically significant; Politically integrated
54% of Indian Population is under the Age of 25Indo-U.S. Relations will Shape the Destiny of the 21st Century,[object Object]
  History in the Making  ,[object Object],            Kegler Brown, Columbus, Ohio – March  2011,[object Object]
Legal Intelligence andPractical Advice – India,[object Object],Presented by Vinita Bahri-Mehra, Esq.March 10, 2011,[object Object]
India-US: “Pas-Pas”,[object Object],A “Star-Bucks” in Goa, India,[object Object]
India-US: “Pas-Pas”,[object Object],Self-Service,[object Object]
India-US: “Pas-Pas”,[object Object],You’re safe here, pal!,[object Object]
India-US: “Pas-Pas”,[object Object],Just do it.,[object Object]
India’s FDI Regime,[object Object],100% foreign investment permitted in most sectors on automatic basis except: ,[object Object],Banking (74%).,[object Object],Telecom services (74%).,[object Object],Civil Aviation (49%).,[object Object],Insurance (49%).,[object Object],Retail trading – Single Brand up to 51% with prior approval.,[object Object],Certain sectors where FDI is prohibited:,[object Object],Atomic Energy.,[object Object],Lottery business.,[object Object],Gambling and Betting.,[object Object],Certain sectors where there are minimum capitalization requirements:,[object Object],Non-banking financial services activity (certain activities – fee based and fund based).,[object Object],Real estate construction and development projects.,[object Object]
Entry Strategies For US Investors: As an Indian Company,[object Object],A U.S. company can commence operations in India by incorporating a company under the Indian Companies Act, 1956, through:,[object Object],(1)	Joint Ventures; or,[object Object],		(2)	Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries.,[object Object],Acquisition of shares/business assets of an existing Indian company.,[object Object],Consider RBI’s pricing restrictions.,[object Object]
As an Indian Company,[object Object],“Private Limited Company” is the most preferred option.,[object Object],  Subject to fewer regulatory compliances.,[object Object],	Charter documents can be made adaptable to  	shareholders’ requirements.,[object Object],  However, restrictions on transfer of shares and     borrowings.,[object Object]
As a Foreign Company,[object Object],U.S. companies can set up their operations in India through:,[object Object],(1)	Liaison/Representative Office,[object Object],(2)	Project Office,[object Object],(3)	Branch Office,[object Object],Each can undertake only specified activities.,[object Object],Some other variants:,[object Object],(1) Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT),[object Object],(2)	Third-Party Outsourcing (BPO or KPOs),[object Object],Franchising/Distributions/Agency,[object Object],Unincorporated Joint Ventures – “Association of Persons”,[object Object]
Are non-compete and non-solicitation clauses applicable?,[object Object],Contract Enforcement?,[object Object],What is the tax incidence on profits and gains and whether any tax breaks are provided by government? Are repatriation of investments and profits allowed?,[object Object],Are there any Labor issues to consider?,[object Object],What should be done to protect one’s IP?,[object Object],What law should govern the contract and which courts should have jurisdiction to adjudicate on disputes?,[object Object],What mechanism of dispute resolution is preferable?,[object Object],Key Legal Issues For Doing Business In India,[object Object]
A. Non-compete/Non-solicitation,[object Object],Every agreement by which anyone is restrained from exercising a lawful profession, trade or business is void.  (Section 27 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872).,[object Object],Non-compete and non-solicitation are such restrictive covenants.,[object Object],Exception:  Restrictive covenants that reasonably protect a party’s proprietary or commercial interest post-acquisition of a business with goodwill.,[object Object]
Exception:  A partial restriction, reasonable in terms of time, geography or other limitations.,[object Object],Indian Courts tend to enforce a restrictive covenant operating “during term of employment”  and not those “after the term of employment”.,[object Object],Non-compete/Non-solicitation, cont. ,[object Object]
B. Contract Enforcement,[object Object],Legal Jurisdiction: Drafting Choice of Law and Forum provisions is crucial. ,[object Object],Remedies: It’s advisable to negotiate and provide for a liquidated damages and/or penalty clauses in contracts as a safeguard.,[object Object],Damages is the primary remedy for breach of contract. ,[object Object]
Contract Enforcement, cont. ,[object Object],Performance Guarantees and Bonding,[object Object],Contract performance guarantee: Depending on the nature of the contract, your Indian customer/counterpart may request some kind of guarantee to ensure performance obligations.,[object Object],Different Forms: These guarantees can be of different forms – usually referred to as bonds. Can include – standby irrevocable LOC, Bank guarantee, and contract surety bonds. ,[object Object],Clear Obligations: If a performance bond is provided, important to ensure that contract clearly states the performance obligations as well as note the specific conditions under which the bond can be enforced. ,[object Object]
Contract Enforcement, cont. ,[object Object],Practical Tips,[object Object],Negotiations: Contracts negotiations can be expected to go more slowly in India – particularly if dealing with the Indian bureaucracy.,[object Object],Different approaches to communication: Indian parties may not disagree with you directly about contractual issues. Instead they may suggest that matter can be discussed at another time or find some way to avoid an outright negative response. ,[object Object],Flexibility: It is recommended that US Co., build considerable flexibility into their approach so that prices and other contract conditions can be adjusted. ,[object Object]
C.Taxation in India,[object Object],Dividends declared can be repatriated freely through an authorized Indian bank. ,[object Object],Dividends are tax-free in the hands of shareholders.,[object Object],A distribution tax of 16 % is payable by company.,[object Object],Corporate tax rate for foreign companies is 41.2%.  For domestic companies, 30.99%.,[object Object],Withholding tax on royalties/technical fees/interest income.,[object Object],Domestic tax law – 10%.,[object Object],Indo-US DTAA – 10% for right to use of any industrial, commercial or scientific equipment.,[object Object],– 20% in any other case.,[object Object]
The tax rate provision of domestic law could be utilized as it is less than DTAA.,[object Object],Service tax rate is 10.3%.,[object Object],Computed on the “Gross Amount” charged by the service provider. ,[object Object],Sales tax rate (CST & VAT).  Varies from state to state, depending upon classification of goods.  Varies from 0% to 12.5%.,[object Object],Tax incentives are available during a limited time for 100% Export-Oriented Unit, under Software Technology Park Scheme and Special Economic Zones Units, etc.,[object Object],Taxation in India, cont.,[object Object]
Important Taxation Issues,[object Object],India’s tax code has elaborate Transfer Pricing Regulations.,[object Object],Introduced in 2000/ 2001 for regulating prices at which the international transactions between two related enterprises are undertaken.,[object Object],Applicable only to international transactions wherein at least one party is a non-resident of India unlike UK and US where transfer pricing is applicable even to domestic transactions.,[object Object],Onerous documentation requirements prescribed under Rule 10D of the Transfer Pricing Rules.,[object Object],All entities having an aggregate value of international transactions in a financial year exceeding INR 15 crs (i.e. approx. US $3.3 mn) subject to compulsory transfer pricing scrutiny by the Indian tax authorities.,[object Object]
Important Taxation Issues, cont.,[object Object],The following methods prescribed for benchmarking international transactions:,[object Object],Comparable Uncontrolled Price Method (“CUP”),[object Object],Cost Plus Method (“CPM”),[object Object],Resale Price Method (“RPM”),[object Object],Profit Split Method (“PSM”),[object Object],Transactional Net Margin Method (“TNMM”),[object Object]
Important Taxation Issues, cont.,[object Object],Avoidance of Permanent Establishment (“PE”)status is critical.,[object Object],PE Concept: A US company’s business profits that are deemed to accrue in India could be subject to Indian taxes, if such business, in part or whole, is carried through a PE in India. If the US company is liable to Indian taxes by virtue of having a PE, the extent of taxation would be confined to profits that can be attributed to such a PE. ,[object Object]
Important Taxation Issues,[object Object],Circumstances that could include a PE are broadly classified under the following heads: ,[object Object],Basic Rule: Activities done through a fixed place of business. ,[object Object],Construction Rule: Performance of construction/installation/assembly activities or supervisory activities in connection with such activities for more than 120 days in any twelve month period.,[object Object],Service Rule: Where a foreign enterprise through its employees or other personnel renders services in India for a period of 90 days or more.,[object Object],Agency Rule: A dependent agent of a foreign enterprise through whom the business of the enterprise in whole or in part, is carried out in India. ,[object Object]
D. Employment Issues,[object Object],Employment Agreement – Advisable to have a detailed document (not a one pager!), read in conjunction with the existing employment policies of the Company.,[object Object],Compliance required of both Federal and State laws.,[object Object],Important to identify locational advantages; Indian States have restrictions and relaxations.,[object Object]
“Without cause” termination for “Workmen” may become subject to:,[object Object],“Last come, first go”;,[object Object],Some level of compensation based on years of service;,[object Object],Sufficient notice to employee; and,,[object Object],Employer issuing a release certificate.  However, consider the following while issuing release:,[object Object],Is there a possibility of breach of confidentiality?,[object Object],Is there a possibility of a breach of a non-compete covenant?,[object Object],Otherwise “At-Will”employment is recognized. ,[object Object], Employment Issues, cont.,[object Object]
E. Intellectual Property Enforcement,[object Object],India is a member of the WIPO; signatory to major harmonization conventions and member of WTO.,[object Object],Remedies for IP violation: Civil remedies (injunctions, damages, or accounts) as well as criminal penalties. However, criminal prosecution is available on in trademark and copyright cases, not in ones involving patents or designs. ,[object Object],Provisional Measures: Injunctions and ex-parte search warrants and seizes orders, known as “Anton Piller”orders, are available through the Indian Courts to stop infringements and to contain damages. ,[object Object],Fast-track System (specialized forums): Intellectual Property Appellate Board –  Appeals on IP prosecution (patents). ,[object Object]
Intellectual Property Enforcement,[object Object],Minimize IP Risks,[object Object],“Airtight” Contractual provisions:,[object Object],Explicit obligations to ensure that the “receiving” party will protect “disclosing” party’s IP.,[object Object],Business practices:,[object Object],From the beginning, have a method in place to ensure controlled use of IP rights by the local associates.,[object Object],Define IP violation clause.,[object Object],Conduct Regular IP Audit.,[object Object]
Indian IP Laws do not provide for automatic assignments.,[object Object],Golden Rule: Advisable to have a covenant to assign IP in contracts and to obtain Deed of Assignment where required.,[object Object],Intellectual Property Rights.,[object Object]
Intellectual Property Rights, cont.,[object Object],Specific IP issues and related law:,[object Object],Patent and Design:  Inventor/Author is owner.,[object Object],Formal assignment is necessary.,[object Object],Term:  20 years from date of filing.,[object Object],Registration of “Product Patents” allowed.,[object Object],Copyright:  IP work is made in course of author’s employment under contract of service, employer is the first owner of copyright therein.,[object Object],Subtle difference from the U.S. concept of “works for hire”.,[object Object],Term:  60 years from date of publication.,[object Object],Possible Dispute:  Work made in course of the author’s employment as against work made outside the course of employment.,[object Object],Therefore, emphasis is on “scope of employment”.,[object Object]
Trademarks and Service Marks:,[object Object],Trademark protection extends to shape of goods, packaging and combination of colors.,[object Object],Statutory infringement and common law remedy of passing off is available.,[object Object],Trade Secrets:,[object Object],No specific Indian legislation for statutory protection of trade secrets or confidential information.  However, Courts (several precedents) specifically enforce confidentiality agreements through mandatory injunctions.,[object Object],Intellectual Property Rights, cont.,[object Object]
Indian Courts follow customary Private International Law rules.,[object Object],Choice of law made by parties is acceptable.,[object Object],Parties may also choose which court will have jurisdiction.,[object Object],Subject to public policy, courts recognize and enforce foreign laws.,[object Object],It is possible to split contract, to allow different parts to be governed by different laws.,[object Object],Absent choice, courts determine proper law of contract.,[object Object],Law with the closest connection to transaction.,[object Object],G. Jurisdiction and Laws Governing Contract,[object Object]
Caveat:,[object Object],However, certain issues may be subject to a law different from one agreed upon by parties.,[object Object],For example:  IP transfer, registration, protection in vendor territory, real estate, labor laws, bankruptcy, enforcement of foreign judgment/award.,[object Object],Jurisdiction and Laws Governing Contract, cont.,[object Object]
 H. Dispute Resolution ,[object Object],Litigation vs. Arbitration,[object Object],(i)  Litigation-Enforcement of Foreign Judgment.,[object Object],Judgments from courts in “reciprocating territories” can be enforced directly by filing before an Indian Court an Execution Decree.,[object Object],The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Canada are noted as “reciprocating territories”.,[object Object],Presently, U.S.A. is not declared as a “reciprocating territory”.,[object Object]
Dispute Resolution, cont.,[object Object],Judgments from “non-reciprocating territories”, such as the U.S.A, can be enforced only by filing a law suit in an Indian Court for a Judgment based on the Foreign Judgment.,[object Object],The foreign judgment is considered only as evidence.,[object Object],Such a law suit is to be brought within 3 years of foreign judgment.,[object Object],Likely a long and slow procedure as the Indian Courts are overburdened. ,[object Object]
Dispute Resolution,  cont.,[object Object],(ii)  Arbitration-Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Award.,[object Object],India is a party to the New York Convention, 1958.,[object Object],U.S. arbitral awards on commercial disputes are directly enforceable in India through foreign award being made a Decree of the court.,[object Object],Indian Courts may grant preliminary injunctions and other protective orders pending international commercial arbitration.,[object Object],An arbitration clause can avoid the time consuming and sometimes ineffective process of seeking damages through the civil courts in India. ,[object Object]
There are some internal barriers that might provide obstacles in doing business or establishing business in India. It is necessary to be cognizant about them in order to be well prepared. For example:,[object Object],Corruption.,[object Object],Poverty.,[object Object],Infrastructure mess. ,[object Object],Understanding the changes in real estate.,[object Object],Surfacing of stringent Corporate Governance.,[object Object],Bureaucracy.,[object Object],Negotiating style differences.,[object Object],Practical Advice: Identify the Obstacles,[object Object]
Things to Ponder,[object Object],Analyze your long-term objectives and accordingly decide on Entry Strategies and related tax structuring.,[object Object],Analyze and identify the region/state most appropriate for your business needs.,[object Object],Do Business in India…the Indian Way: ‘Think Global, Act Local’,[object Object],The Indianized Chinese,[object Object],Kellogg's – no to cold cereals?,[object Object],KFC – Tandoori Chicken preferred to the ‘KFC experience’,[object Object],McDonalds – ‘McVeggie Burger’ & ‘McAloo Tikki’,[object Object],Domino’s – ‘Pepper Paneer’ & ‘Chicken Chettinad’,[object Object],Pizza Hut/Pizza Express – spicing it up,[object Object],Due Diligence is the Key,[object Object],Knowledge of Indian business and legal environment leads to steady growth.,[object Object]
Legal Advice,[object Object],This presentation is designed to provide an overview of a number of legal principles and considerations.,[object Object],As each legal issue is fact dependent, this presentation should not be used or viewed as legal advice, and your legal counsel should be consulted on the application of your particular factual situation to the current law.,[object Object],Copyright:  2010 Kegler, Brown, Hill & Ritter,[object Object]
Thank You,[object Object],Vinita Bahri-Mehra, Esq.,[object Object],Kegler, Brown, Hill & Ritter Co., L.P.A.,[object Object],65 E. State Street, Suite 1800,[object Object],Columbus, Ohio 43215, USA,[object Object],Direct Dial:  1 614 225 5508,[object Object],Fax:  1 614 464 2634,[object Object],Email:  vmehra@keglerbrown.com,[object Object],Web Address:  www.keglerbrown.com,[object Object]
N A V I G A T I N G   Y O U R   W A Y   T O   B U S I N E S S   S U C C E S S   I N   I N D I A,[object Object],March 2011,[object Object],Anil Bhalla,[object Object],Vice Chairman, Investment Banking,[object Object],anil.bhalla@jpmorgan.com,[object Object],T: 212 622 4605,[object Object],S T R I C T L Y   P R I V A T E   A N D   C O N F I D E N T I A L,[object Object]
English_General,[object Object],This presentation was prepared exclusively for the benefit and internal use of the J.P. Morgan client to whom it is directly addressed and delivered (including such client’s subsidiaries, the “Company”) in order to assist the Company in evaluating, on a preliminary basis, the feasibility of a possible transaction or transactions and does not carry any right of publication or disclosure, in whole or in part, to any other party.This presentation is for discussion purposes only and is incomplete without reference to, and should be viewed solely in conjunction with, the oral briefing provided by J.P. Morgan.Neither this presentation nor any of its contents may be disclosed or used for any other purpose without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan.,[object Object],The information in this presentation is based upon any management forecasts supplied to us and reflects prevailing conditions and our views as of this date, all of which are accordingly subject to change.J.P. Morgan’s opinions and estimates constitute J.P. Morgan’s judgment and should be regarded as indicative, preliminary and for illustrative purposes only.In preparing this presentation, we have relied upon and assumed, without independent verification, the accuracy and completeness of all information available from public sources or which was provided to us by or on behalf of the Company or which was otherwise reviewed by us.In addition, our analyses are not and do not purport to be appraisals of the assets, stock, or business of the Company or any other entity.J.P. Morgan makes no representations as to the actual value which may be received in connection with a transaction nor the legal, tax or accounting effects of consummating a transaction.Unless expressly contemplated hereby, the information in this presentation does not take into account the effects of a possible transaction or transactions involving an actual or potential change of control, which may have significant valuation and other effects.,[object Object],Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Company and each of its employees, representatives or other agents may disclose to any and all persons, without limitation of any kind, the U.S. federal and state income tax treatment and the U.S. federal and state income tax structure of the transactions contemplated hereby and all materials of any kind (including opinions or other tax analyses) that are provided to the Company relating to such tax treatment and tax structure insofar as such treatment and/or structure relates to a U.S. federal or state income tax strategy provided to the Company by J.P. Morgan. J.P. Morgan's policies on data privacy can be found at http://www.jpmorgan.com/pages/privacy. ,[object Object],J.P. Morgan’s policies prohibit employees from offering, directly or indirectly, a favorable research rating or specific price target, or offering to change a rating or price target, to a subject company as consideration or inducement for the receipt of business or for compensation.J.P. Morgan also prohibits its research analysts from being compensated for involvement in investment banking transactions except to the extent that such participation is intended to benefit investors.,[object Object],IRS Circular 230 Disclosure:  JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates do not provide tax advice.  Accordingly, any discussion of U.S. tax matters included herein (including any attachments) is not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, in connection with the promotion, marketing or recommendation by anyone not affiliated with JPMorgan Chase & Co. of any of the matters addressed herein or for the purpose of avoiding U.S. tax-related penalties.,[object Object],J.P. Morgan is a marketing name for investment banking businesses of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its subsidiaries worldwide. Securities, syndicated loan arranging, financial advisory and other investment banking activities are performed by a combination of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., J.P. Morgan plc, J.P. Morgan Securities Ltd. and the appropriately licensed subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase & Co. in EMEA and Asia-Pacific, and lending, derivatives and other commercial banking activities are performed by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.J.P. Morgan deal team members may be employees of any of the foregoing entities.,[object Object],This presentation does not constitute a commitment by any J.P. Morgan entity to underwrite, subscribe for or place any securities or to extend or arrange credit or to provide any other services.,[object Object],N A V I G A T I N G   Y O U R   W A Y   T O   B U S I N E S S   S U C C E S S   I N   I N D I A,[object Object]
India – Economic Profile,[object Object],1,[object Object],India – A Glass Half Full?,[object Object],11,[object Object],Opportunities for Foreign Companies in India,[object Object],12,[object Object],Best Practices for Foreign Companies doing Business in India,[object Object],15,[object Object],India’s Financial Framework,[object Object],18,[object Object],N A V I G A T I N G   Y O U R   W A Y   T O   B U S I N E S S   S U C C E S S   I N   I N D I A,[object Object],Basic Regulations in India,[object Object],20,[object Object],J.P.Morgan in India,[object Object],22,[object Object]
India at a glance,[object Object],Overview,[object Object],Key statistics,[object Object],[object Object]
India is the world’s largest democracy
World’s twelfth largest economy at market exchange rates
Fourth largest economy in the world on purchasing power basis after USA, China and Japan
Strong legal system with a fair and independent judiciary. Largely based on English law
Well developed capital markets — Bombay Stock Exchange is Asia’s oldest stock exchange
Strong domestic consumption with a personal disposable income growth CAGR of 13.8% (2009-14E)
Important cities in India:
Mumbai (Key commercial center / financial capital)
New Delhi ( Political capital)
Bangalore, Hyderabad, Chennai, Pune and Calcutta (other important cities)
These cities account for over 80% of business establishments in India
There are over 3,000 MNCs operating in India including a number of small companies in the IT/BPO space
Indian banking sector was not affected during the recent credit crisis and has emerged much stronger and efficient than beforeI N D I A   –   E C O N O M I C   P R O F I L E,[object Object],1,[object Object]
Huge growth potential with opportunities across sectors,[object Object],A young population,[object Object],Savings & capital formation,[object Object],Rising per capita income (US$),[object Object],(Median Age–2010),[object Object],(as % of GDP),[object Object],I N D I A   –   E C O N O M I C   P R O F I L E,[object Object],Source: CSO, UN,[object Object],2,[object Object]
India has evolved dramatically over the last two decades…,[object Object],Country Overview,[object Object],Real GDP growth of India (% y-o-y),[object Object],[object Object]
Stable and institutionalized democratic political system
 Established administration, commercial, legal, accounting & banking systems
Third largest English speaking manpower base in the world
R&D base for over one hundred Fortune 500 companies
Vibrant capital market with more than 5,000 listed CompaniesV-Shaped recovery,[object Object],8%,[object Object],6.1%,[object Object],…but exports have become increasingly important,[object Object],Domestic demand remains the key driver for GDP growth,[object Object],I N D I A   –   E C O N O M I C   P R O F I L E,[object Object],GDP (US$bn),[object Object],The vast majority of manufacturing output is now exported,[object Object],Domestic demand % GDP,[object Object], Source: Global Insight, IMF,[object Object],Source: RBI,[object Object],3,[object Object]
Tracing the Growth– 1500 to 2050,[object Object],I N D I A   –   E C O N O M I C   P R O F I L E,[object Object],Source: Angus Maddison (OCDE),[object Object],4,[object Object]
% of India’s imports in 2009-10,[object Object],% of India’s exports in 2009-10,[object Object],India’s trade has grown 16% annually since 2005,[object Object],Current trade flows,[object Object],EU,[object Object],18%,[object Object],EU,[object Object],15%,[object Object],US,[object Object],11%,[object Object],UAE,[object Object],7%,[object Object],China & HK,[object Object],12%,[object Object],UAE,[object Object],13%,[object Object],US,[object Object],6%,[object Object],China & HK,[object Object],10%,[object Object],Singapore,[object Object],4%,[object Object],Singapore,[object Object],2%,[object Object],I N D I A   –   E C O N O M I C   P R O F I L E,[object Object],India trade volumes (US$ bn),[object Object],5,[object Object]
Services and Industrial Production constitute a dominant share of the GDP,[object Object],GDP by industry–Services driven economy,[object Object],Industrial production growth,[object Object],I N D I A   –   E C O N O M I C   P R O F I L E,[object Object],Index sa, Sep 2008 =100,[object Object],Index sa, Sep 2008 =100,[object Object], Source: Global Insight, IMF,[object Object],6,[object Object]
Other key financial metrics,[object Object],Forex reserves are very healthy,[object Object],FDI flows have been very robust,[object Object],FDI Inflow ($Bn),[object Object],Forex Reserves ($Bn),[object Object],Source: Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion, India Govt,[object Object],India’s debt remains relatively low,[object Object],I N D I A   –   E C O N O M I C   P R O F I L E,[object Object],Total external debt to foreign exchange reserves (%),[object Object],Total external debt as of Dec-10 (US$bn),[object Object],Source: Ministry of Finance, Government of India and Reserve Bank of India, Moody’s Statistical Handbook,[object Object],* India’s external debt is as of Mar-09, Mar-10 and Mar-11E,[object Object],7,[object Object]
Fiscal Deficit - an area of concern,[object Object],The government seems committed to tackling India’s Achilles heel,[object Object],Central Government Fiscal Deficit,[object Object], % of GDP,[object Object],I N D I A   –   E C O N O M I C   P R O F I L E,[object Object],Refers to fiscal year; forecasts for 2012 and 2013 are as per the 13th finance commission which the government has pledged to implement,[object Object],8,[object Object]
Congress and Third Front Coalition ,[object Object],1991–1998,[object Object],BJP led NDA coalition,[object Object],1998–2004,[object Object],Liberalization has become invariant to political formulation,[object Object],FDI Inflows ( $MM),[object Object],Congress led UPA coalition,[object Object],2004–till date ,[object Object],I N D I A   –   E C O N O M I C   P R O F I L E,[object Object],[object Object]
Opening up more sectors for investments
Public- Private partnerships
Infrastructure a key area
Boost to regional trade
Opening up of Insurance  and telecom sectors further
Rapid growth in key infrastructure sectors through private sector participation
Privatization of large state owned enterprises
FDI caps raised for the key sectors
Opening of most sectors to majority foreign holding, except defense and railways
De-licensing of industry and foreign trade
Foreign investment limits raised in key sectors
De-regulation of the petroleum sector
Opening up of the insurance sector to domestic and foreign competition9,[object Object]
Infrastructure will be a key enabler of future growth,[object Object],Infrastructure investment required,[object Object],[object Object]
Investment in infrastructure required to sustain India’s economic progress
Major government focus in Energy and Transportation
Investment in infrastructure growing due to:
Increased political commitment

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Navigating Your Way to Business Success in India