1. Last 10 Surahs of the
Qur'an as one cohesive
argument....
Taken from a talk given by Ustaadh
Nouman Ali Khan.

2. Objectives
● To realise how the last 10 surahs are
rhetorically connected.
● To recognise an ideological conflict that is
being referred to.
● To realise the connection of Ibrahim AS to
the last 10 surahs.

3. Makkah...
● The city of Makkah (or Bakkah as it was
known then) was initiated by the hijrah of
Prophet Ibrahim Alayhis Salam.
● His dua allowed the city to exist. That dua
is integral to the last 10 surahs and it exists
in 2 parts. One part is found in Surah
Baqarah and the other part in Surah
Ibrahim.

4. The Dua Of Prophet Ibrahim AS for
Makkah...Surah Baqarah
● In surah Baqarah - 'My Lord, make this a
secure city and provide it's people with
fruits - whoever of them believes in God
and the last day.' [God] said 'And whoever
disbelieves- I will grant him enjoyment for
a little, then I will force him to the
punishment of the Fire, and wretched is
the destination.'

5. The Dua Of Prophet Ibrahim AS for
Makkah...Surah Baqarah
● The literary meaning of 'fruits' implies
prosperity. Ibrahim AS made a dua that the
believing people of Makkah would have
prosperity.
● In political science, it is known that for a
society to survive it must have 2 things;
peace and prosperity.
● As Ibrahim AS is Imam (leader) of these
people, he only wishes prosperity for the
believers to continue a good progeny.

6. The Dua Of Prophet Ibrahim AS for
Makkah...Surah Baqarah
● A similar concern was raised by the Prophet
Nuh AS when he made a dua that the non-
believers should become extinct.
● Allah replies to Prophet Ibrahim AS; 'And
whoever disbelieves- I will grant him
enjoyment for a little, then I will force
him to the punishment of the Fire.'

7. The Dua Of Prophet Ibrahim AS for
Makkah...part 2 (Surah Ibrahim)
'And [mention O Muhammad], when Abraham
said, "my Lord, make this city [Makkah]
secure and keep me and my sons away from
worshipping idols.'
● There is a subtle difference to the first dua.
In the second dua, the prophet Ibrahim AS
is referring to Makkah (ie. this city that
already exists). The first dua was made
when Makkah did not exist.

8. Surah Fil
● The year that Abrahah planned to attack
Makkah with an army including elephants
came to be known as 'The Year Of The
Elephant' - as it was such a significant
event.
● The dua of the Prophet Ibrahim AS was
fulfilled as Makkah was protected.

9. Surah Quraish
This surah is about the tribe of Quraish and
the prosperity that they enjoy through their
trading routes as they can enjoy their
caravans in the summer and winter.
Towards the end of the surah; 'Let them
worship the Lord of this House, Who has fed
them, [saving them] from hunger and made
them safe, [saving them] from fear.'

10. Surah Quraish
● The Prophet Ibrahim AS made dua for his
believing children to enjoy prosperity.
Allah said that he will also provde the
disbelievers with a little prosperity before
sending them to Hellfire.
● The Quraish are from the disbelieving
children. i.e they are unworthy but they
still benefit from the favours of Allah.

11. Surah Quraish - Surah Kauthar
● In the first dua in surah Baqarah, prophet
Ibrahim AS makes dua 'O Allah, send a
messenger from among themselves.'
● So, there is a transition from the unworthy
children in Surah Quraish and surah Ma'un
to the worthy in surah Kauthar [The
Prophet Muhammad Salallahu Alayhi Wa
Sallam]

12. Surah Kafirun
The Prophet SAW renounces his citizenship of
Makkah and is told to refer to the people as
disbelievers.
This is a declaration of conflict i.e creating an
open enemy.
In every conflict, there are the victorious and
the failures..

13. Surah An-Nasr - Surah Lahab
● In surah Nasr, victory is guaranteed to the
believers at the hands of the Prophet
Sallalhu Alayhi Wa Sallam.
● When Allah guarantees victory or a great
help in the dunya, there are minor signs
that come before it.
● E.g the major help to the Prophet Musa AS
was when the water parted and he escaped.
Minor signs came before this i.e shining
hand, staff and 9 signs.

14. Surah An-Nasr - Surah Lahab
● Minor signs coming before the major help
can be understood in the following analogy;
the winds change and the clouds darken
(minor signs) before the big storm.
● The minor sign or small victory is how Allah
deals with the Prophet Sallallahu Alayhi Wa
Sallam's enemy Abu Lahab and his wife in
Surah Lahab.

15. The Final 3 Surahs....
1. When people are in a conflict for a long
time, they eventually forget how the
conflict began in the first place and it's
purpose. Surah Ikhlaas is a reminder of the
Prophet Ibrahim's legacy of Tawheed and so
serves as a reminder of the conflict of
ideology between the believers and
disbelievers.

16. The Final 3 Surahs....
2. In order to protect Tawheed (legacy of the
Prophet Ibrahim AS) one must protect
themselves from external corruption and evil
influence from the outside.Surah Falaq
protects the muslim from external evil
influences.

17. The Final 3 Surahs....
3. Also to protect Tawheed, one must protect
themselves from corruption on the inside
(whispers of Shaytan). Surah Nas protects us
from the whispers of Shaytan.

18. Conclusion
Thus, the last 10 surahs are a profound
cohesive argument relating to the Prophet
Ibrahim AS.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rh1xY2Gqiik