In this lecture will show an introduction to OpenStack, starting with the basic concepts of Cloud, keywords, what Openstack project is, the use cases, history, the project overview, features, tools and roadmap. The following topics will be covered:
* Introduction to Cloud Computing (Virtualization; Iaas, Paas, Saas; Public/Private/Hybrid/Community Cloud; Concepts: scalability, elasticity, provisioning,
self-service, multi tenant, and much more)
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Openstack => Cloud computing
at your fingertips!
Luan Cestari
May 10 , 2014
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Hi everybody!
● It is a pleasure to be here and I hope we have
● learn a lot today =)
● My name is Luan
● I'm a developer in Red Hat's Cloud SOA Team
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Let me ask ...
● Have you heard about Cloud Computing?
● Is it a hype? What does it means?
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Cloud is
● Scalable
● Portable
● On-demand
● Resource Management
● Measureable
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What is OpenStack
● OpenStack is an open source project for
● building a private or public
● infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) cloud running
● on standard hardware
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What is NOT OpenStack
● OpenStack != virtulization system
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How is OpenStack and (F)OSS related
● Let see a bit of history
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How is OpenStack and (F)OSS related
● A zoomed in picture of the Cloud history
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Virtualization to cloud infrastructure continuum
Server
Virtualization
Distributed
Virtualization
Private
Cloud
Hybrid
Cloud
Visibility
Control
Optimization
Automation
Agility
Self-Service
Federation
Brokering
Consolidation
Reduce Capital Expense
Flexibility & Speed
Reduce Operational Expense
Automation
Less Downtime
Self-Serve Agility
Standardization
IT as a Business
Usage Metering
Choice of CAPEX/OPEX model
Increased Flexibility (up and down)
Drivers
Virtual Infrastructure Management
Derived from Gartner Roadmap: From Virtualization to Cloud Computing (reference slide)
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But what is he influence of open standards
and (F)OSS to our world
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8 out of 10 clouds
are built on Linux1
Amazon EC2 RackSpace
1 Linux Adoption Trends 2012: A Survey of Enterprise End Users, Linux Foundation, January 18, 2012
2 Windows 8? It Won’t Win Microsoft’s Biggest Battle, Robert Mcmillan, Wired, October 25, 2012
“Linux is twice as
popular as Windows on
Amazon Web Services.”2
“On the RackSpace
cloud, the split is even
starker: 75 %to 25 %,
again in favor of Linux.”2
Linux Powers The Cloud
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Types of Cloud
● Saas (Software as a service)
● PaaS (Platform as a service)
● IaaS (Infrastructure as a service)
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Cloud Service Models
STORAGE
(RHS)
HARDWARE
(x86)
VIRTUALIZATION
(RHEV)
OPERATING SYSTEM
(RHEL)
APPLICATION PLATFORM
(JBOSS, PHP, RUBY, ETC)
APPLICATION
Managed by the Public or
Private Cloud Offering
Managed and Controlled
by Customer (IT, Dev, or
User)
IaaS PaaS SaaS
Increased Control
Reduced DIY
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16
A cloud provider view of shared responsibility for
security
Source: Cloud Security Alliance
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Cloud is not always on internet!
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Cloud deployment models
Private
Cloud
Public
Clouds
Hybrid
Cloud
Service Provider
Owned and managed,
Accessed via the web,
Pay for what you use.
Privately owned
And managed with
Restricted access (but
Could be externally
hosted)
Interoperable
combination
of private and
public cloud.
Community
Cloud
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Cloud types & deployment models
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
(hosted apps)
Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
(dev platform, apps middleware)
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
(compute, storage, network)
End-users
Developers
DevOps
IT Admins
Amazon AWS
RackSpace
OpenStack
vCloud Director
OpenShift
Force.com
Azure
Google Apps
Salesforce
Many moreIaaS
PaaS
SaaS
Private
Clouds
Public
Clouds
Hybrid
Community
Cloud
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Don’t take taxonomies too literally
●
IaaS can blend into PaaS
●
“Value-add” services like DynamoDB, Elastic
MapReduce
●
PaaS can blend into SaaS
●
PaaS anchored to a SaaS environment
●
Taxonomy part of broader ecosystem
●
Hybrid cloud IaaS management (CloudForms)
●
APIs/services
●
Development tooling
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What does it means in the real world
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22
Example of cloud helping you
With PaaS
How to Build an App:
1. Have Idea
2. Get Budget
3. Code
4. Test
5. Launch
6. Automatically Scale
How to Build an App:
1. Have Idea
2. Get Budget
3. Submit VM Request request
4. Wait
5. Deploy framework/appserver
6. Deploy testing tools
7. Test testing tools
8. Code
9. Configure Prod VMs
10. Push to Prod
11. Launch
12. Request More Prod VMs to
meet demand
13. Wait
14. Deploy app to new VMs
15. Etc.
Virtualized
How to Build an App:
1. Have Idea
2. Get Budget
3. Submit hardware acquisition request
4. Wait
5. Get Hardware
6. Rack and Stack Hardware
7. Install Operating System
8. Install Operating System Patches/Fix-
Packs
9. Create user Accounts
10. Deploy framework/appserver
11. Deploy testing tools
12. Test testing tools
13. Code
14. Configure Prod servers (and buy them
if needed)
15. Push to Prod
16. Launch
17. Order more servers to meet demand
18. Wait…
19. Deploy new servers
20. Etc.
Physical
“The use of Platform-as-a-Service technologies will enable
IT organizations to become more agile and more
responsive to the business needs.” –Gartner*
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Back to OpenStack, its history...
● 2010 -Rackspace and Nasa joins forces
● Rackspace's Cloud Files platform and
NASA's Nebula
● OpenStack Object Store (Swift) and
OpenStack Compute Nova
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Versions
Codename Date
K Nov 5-8, 2014
Juno Oct ,2014
Icehouse Apr 17, 2014
Havana Oct 17, 2013
Grizzly Apr 4, 2013
Folsom Sep 27, 2012
Essex Apr 5, 2012
Diablo Sep 22, 2011
Cactus Apr 15, 2011
Bexar Feb 3, 2011
Austin Oct 21, 2010
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Overview simplified of OpenStack
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Incubated Components
●OpenStack Bare Metal (Ironic)
●OpenStack Queue Service (Marconi)
●OpenStack Data Processing (Savannah)
●TripleO/Tuskar
●Oslo
●TaskSystem-as-a-Service (Convection)
●DNSaaS (Designate)
●Application catalog (Murano)
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The list is not over yet! More projects
●StackForger
●DevStack
●Tempest
●Beaker
●...
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Details of the Core
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Supported Hypervisors
● KVM
● LXC (through libvirt)
● QEMU
● UML
● VMWare vSphere
● Xen
● Hyper-V
● Bare Metal
● Docker
More: https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/HypervisorSupportMatrix
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Supported Images
● Raw
● Vhd
● Vmdk
● Iso
● Qcow2
● Vdi
● Aki
● Ari
● Ami
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How to quick install OpenStack RDO
sudo yum install -y http://rdo.fedorapeople.org/rdo-release.rpm
sudo yum install -y openstack-packstack
packstack --allinone
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PackStack tool
● Installer appropriate for smaller scale OpenStack
deployments.
● Driven by asking questions or an “answer file”
● Uses SSH and Puppet to set up all nodes
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How it will look like
● Using http://trystack.org/ as example
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● Upstream:
● Contribute tempest tests upstream
● Detect rpm based install errors via smokestack
● Enterprise Linux devstack
● Midstream:
● Detect packstack, foreman based install errors
● Qualify RDO across supported environments
● Improve the feedback to development
● Downstream:
● Qualify RHOS across supported environments
● Scale and Performance test
Differences between versions?
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RED HAT LEADS THROUGH OPEN INNOVATION
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OPENSTACK PROGRESSION
● Enterprise-hardened
OpenStack software
● Delivered with an enterprise life
cycle
● Six-month release cadence
offset from community releases
to allow testing
● Aimed at long-term production
deployments
● Certified hardware and
software through the Red Hat
OpenStack Cloud
Infrastructure Partner Network
● Supported by Red Hat
● Latest OpenStack software,
packaged in a managed
open source community
● Facilitated by Red Hat
● Aimed at architects and
developers who want to
create, test, collaborate
● Freely available, not for sale
● Six-month release cadence
mirroring community
● No certification, no support
● Installs on Red Hat and
derivatives
● Open source, community-
developed (upstream) software
● Founded by Rackspace Hosting
and NASA
● Managed by the OpenStack
Foundation
● Vibrant group of developers
collaborating on open source
cloud infrastructure
● Software distributed under the
Apache 2.0 license
● No certifications, no support
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RHEL OPENSTACK PLATFORM VALUE
● Enterprise-grade OpenStack version with ecosystem, lifecycle, &
support customers expect from Red Hat!
●
● Based on RHEL and includes required fixes in both OpenStack and
RHEL
● Enterprise hardened OpenStack code
● Longer supported lifecycle (starts with 1 year for Folsom/Grizzly)
● Bug fixes, security errata, selected backports, etc.
● Certified ecosystem (Red Hat Certified OpenStack Partner Program and
Red Hat Enterprise Linux ecosystem)
● Full support for RHEL and Windows workloads
Why Red Hat vs other community versions?
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Red Hat Enterprise Linux Defines the
Open Hybrid Cloud
OPEN
open innovation,
open standards,
open APIs,
openness vs.
lockin
HYBRID
hybrid deployment
models (physical,
virtual, cloud)
hybrid
architectures
public-private-
hybrid cloud
scenarios
CLOUD
Scalable
Portable
On-demand
Resource
Management
Measureable
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Red Hat Product Portfolio
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More info in the notes of the in slide desk, it will
be online
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Thank you for be here =D
Questions?
The difference in http://www.slideshare.net/CAinc/cloud-expo-session-from-virtualization-to-cloud-computing-building-an-effective-pragmatic-reliable-cloud
The difference in http://www.slideshare.net/CAinc/cloud-expo-session-from-virtualization-to-cloud-computing-building-an-effective-pragmatic-reliable-cloud
The difference in http://www.slideshare.net/CAinc/cloud-expo-session-from-virtualization-to-cloud-computing-building-an-effective-pragmatic-reliable-cloud
The prior slide described the CIO dilemma being required to do more with less. This will not happen the old fashion way and a new more disruptive approach is needed.
1. more use of OSS
2. new service delivery models – cloud
3. new business models – pay as you go and subscription based
Most clouds are build on OSS and 80% of the workloads run on Linux.
Open Standards are essential to ensure portability which is in the DNA of OSS
collaboration between researchers with access to ARPANET made open standards which led the born of 1969. In 1973, Unix was re-written in the programming language C by Dennis Ritchie
The difference in http://www.slideshare.net/CAinc/cloud-expo-session-from-virtualization-to-cloud-computing-building-an-effective-pragmatic-reliable-cloud
This slide is derived from the Gartner roadmap “From Virtualization to Cloud Computing”, and indicates the various levels of infrastructure enablement that IT organizations are engaging in today. Organizations often field more than one virtual / cloud project may be doing IT transformation to IaaS while at the same time running Cloud program initiatives.
Focus has been on deriving economies and flexibility at one level via server virtualization and consolidation. Highly distributed and sprawled virtual environments that tend to result form those initiatives require management optimization and automation to be efffectivley controlled.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) capabilities are then engaged to support agile, self-service access to IT systems and services, again raising the management ante for addressing tracking, capacity management, resource utilization/optimization,
In Hybrid Cloud, portable workloads across mixed hypervisors and policies to govern controlled access and usage are required, as well as chargeback and showback mechanisms.
With CLOUDForms, the goal is to future proof your management investment and eliminate multiple disparate tools and tool sprawl which introduces problems of integration, multiple interfaces, and rising costs & training needs with multiple vendor point products.
Allows your organization to incrementally build into cloud architectures at its own pace.
The difference in http://www.slideshare.net/CAinc/cloud-expo-session-from-virtualization-to-cloud-computing-building-an-effective-pragmatic-reliable-cloud
Today, Linux is the primary platform for a majority of cloud-based applications. As a case in point, an October 2012 Wired magazine article cited a report by Newvem which illustrated Linux's dominant position, particularly pertaining to Amazon Web Services:
At Wired’s request, Newvem — a company that sells management services to Amazon cloud customers — took at look at about 41,000 cloud machines run by several hundred customers. Its conclusion: Linux is twice as popular as Windows on Amazon Web Services. It was running on 67 percent of machines, compared to Windows’ 33 percent.
With Linux as the go-to OS for many cloud users, we are also seeing workloads migrate to Linux for public, private, and hybrid clouds because of efficiency and flexibility of deployment. Companies at the cutting edge of cloud computing and the Internet are choosing Linux and open source, and often choose Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
http://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2012/10/epic-microsoft-windows-fight/
http://www.redhat.com/resourcelibrary/case-studies/
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-145/SP800-145.pdf
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/podcast/dwi/feature040611-dnielsen.html
To set the proper context for our discussion, let’s take a look at the three best known cloud service delivery models,
IaaS or Infrastructure as a Service,
PaaS or Platform as a Service,
And
SaaS or Software as a Service.
With each of these some portion of the technology stack is managed and controlled by the Cloud offering (whether public or private), and the rest is responsibility of the customer of the Cloud offering. They must manage and maintain the portion of the stack that is not managed by the Cloud offering. The benefit is that the customer can also CONTROL the design of this portion of the stack.
For Infrastructure-as-a-Service, or IaaS, the customer must manage and control everything from the Operating System up. They must install the OS, the middleware, and the application code. This ultimately becomes only a small reduction in effort compared to bare-metal server management.
For Software-as-a-Service, or SaaS, the customer doesn’t need to manage anything, but they also don’t control anything, not even the design of the application. The complete application is delivered from the Cloud for the user to use. This can be great UNLESS there is some application functionality that the customer needs that is not available in the application. I.e., the business application offered via SaaS may not meet the actual business needs of the user.
Platform-as-a-Service, or PaaS (commonly pronounced “Paz”) offers a happy medium and allows the customer to control the design of the application but not worry about the underlying components of the stack. The management and maintenance of the complete application platform stack is abstracted away. The customer, typically a Developer in this case, can focus on their application design, code, and ultimately their application users.
<next slide>
PaaS allows us to make this leap from a Craftwork methodology to an Assembly Line methodology. PaaS both streamlines and standardizes the Application Development process.
Instead of the unique, one-off processes that each application project used to go through, Utilization of a PaaS allows the deployment of a standardized methodology with a few distinct repeatable steps.
Once the idea and budget are secured, then the App Dev team just simply starts working with the PaaS to code, test, and launch their application. PaaS provides the platform environment that allows Developers to start coding immediately. Server deployment, configuration and administration is all largely automated. This reduces the burden on Operations and reduces the delays that impact Development.
And many industry analysts agree that the utilization of PaaS is going to be the key to allowing IT to be the demands of the business.
<next slide>
KVM - Kernel-based Virtual Machine. The virtual disk formats that it supports is inherited from QEMU since it uses a modified QEMU program to launch the virtual machine. The supported formats include raw images, the qcow2, and VMware formats.
LXC - Linux Containers (through libvirt), use to run Linux-based virtual machines.
QEMU - Quick EMUlator, generally only used for development purposes.
UML - User Mode Linux, generally only used for development purposes.
VMWare vSphere 4.1 update 1 and newer, runs VMWare-based Linux and Windows images through a connection with a vCenter server or directly with an ESXi host.
Xen - XenServer, Xen Cloud Platform (XCP), use to run Linux or Windows virtual machines. You must install the nova-compute service in a para-virtualized VM.
Hyper-V - Server virtualization with Microsoft's Hyper-V, use to run Windows, Linux, and FreeBSD virtual machines. Runs nova-compute natively on the Windows virtualization platform.
Bare Metal - Not a hypervisor in the traditional sense, this driver provisions physical hardware through pluggable sub-drivers (for example, PXE for image deployment, and IPMI for power management).
Docker is an open-source engine which automates the deployment of >applications as highly portable, self-sufficient containers which are >independent of hardware, language, framework, packaging system and hosting >provider.
KVM - Kernel-based Virtual Machine. The virtual disk formats that it supports is inherited from QEMU since it uses a modified QEMU program to launch the virtual machine. The supported formats include raw images, the qcow2, and VMware formats.
LXC - Linux Containers (through libvirt), use to run Linux-based virtual machines.
QEMU - Quick EMUlator, generally only used for development purposes.
UML - User Mode Linux, generally only used for development purposes.
VMWare vSphere 4.1 update 1 and newer, runs VMWare-based Linux and Windows images through a connection with a vCenter server or directly with an ESXi host.
Xen - XenServer, Xen Cloud Platform (XCP), use to run Linux or Windows virtual machines. You must install the nova-compute service in a para-virtualized VM.
Hyper-V - Server virtualization with Microsoft's Hyper-V, use to run Windows, Linux, and FreeBSD virtual machines. Runs nova-compute natively on the Windows virtualization platform.
Bare Metal - Not a hypervisor in the traditional sense, this driver provisions physical hardware through pluggable sub-drivers (for example, PXE for image deployment, and IPMI for power management).
Docker is an open-source engine which automates the deployment of >applications as highly portable, self-sufficient containers which are >independent of hardware, language, framework, packaging system and hosting >provider.
In many ways, the RHOS and RHEL value propositions are identical with Red Hat OpenStack (RHOS) being to OpenStack what Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is to Linux.
Red Hat has the proven capability of preparing and delivering an open source distribution for enterprise use and providing a stable, secure, and common platform that customers, ISV partners, IHV partners, and service provider partners can use to test and certify their software and hardware solutions.
Operational competency necessary for maintain a stable platform with backported bugfixes and features. World-class processes and procedures required for the rigorous testing and QA necessary for enterprise-class products
Worldwide enterprise class support service with consulting and training services
Certified partner program
Guest certifications – include Microsoft Windows (SVVP)
Hardware certifications – broadest list of certified server, storage and networking platforms
Leadership and influence of the upstream OpenStack product development process with the ability and motivation to act as customer advocate with upstream community
Upstream CI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0IWQP_m_38
http://ci.openstack.org/devstack-gate.html
http://status.openstack.org/zuul
https://smokestack.openstack.org/
http://stackalytics.com/
Name:
https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Release_Naming
Stat:
http://activity.openstack.org/dash/browser/
http://stackalytics.com/
http://www.ohloh.net/p/openstack
https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_OpenStack/2/html/Getting_Started_Guide/ch01.html
Ideas:
http://openstack.redhat.com/OpenStack_Summit_Hong_Kong
Projects:
About the project
• Has separate developers and design teams
• Has a well defined public API ( With the exception of Horizon and several other projects) -> have a RESTfull (JSON/HTTP) API
• Has a separate database and isolated persistent layer
Other projects:
https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Marconi SQS (producer-consumer http://aws.amazon.com/sns/) and SNS (pub-sub http://aws.amazon.com/sqs/) from AWS
http://www.slideshare.net/kamesh001/open-stack-101
https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Oslo
HA:
many forms, there is many solutions; like AWS also uses HAProxy for HA
http://openstack.redhat.com/Load_Balance_OpenStack_API
http://openstack.redhat.com/forum/discussion/268/rdo-with-fuel-is-that-possible/p1
http://haproxy.1wt.eu/
http://nginx.org/
https://github.com/observing/balancerbattle
https://github.com/eucalyptus/architecture/blob/master/features/elb/3.3/elb-benchmark.wiki
http://centminmod.com/siegebenchmark_nginx_test3.html
http://centminmod.com/apachebench_nginx.html
http://serverfault.com/questions/293131/advantages-of-using-nginx-or-ha-proxy-as-load-balancer
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13210636/differentiate-nginx-haproxy-varnish-and-uwsgi-gunicorn
http://codeblow.com/questions/proxy-options-mod-proxy-balancer-nginx-proxy-balancer-haproxy/
http://37signals.com/svn/posts/1073-nuts-bolts-haproxy
Tools:
packstack https://github.com/redhat-openstack/packstack
http://blog.flaper87.org/post/511441160f06d34258e8a6ac/
http://goodsquishy.com/2012/12/introducing-openstack-packstack/
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1O9pf1J68ZSRV96mY2Zv8tzkvSqmoHbRWWbnVJcUOuM0/edit#slide=id.gbd379966_63
foreman http://theforeman.org/
puppet https://github.com/puppetlabs/puppet
chef http://www.opscode.com/chef/
fuel https://fuel.mirantis.com/
https://github.com/tuskar/tuskar
Vagrant https://github.com/aodn/vagrant-openstack http://www.cloudsoftcorp.com/blog/getting-started-with-heat-devstack-vagrant/
Review GIt
openstack uses https://code.google.com/p/gerrit/wiki/ShowCases
RDO:
easy to install
RDO -> Enterprise
http://www.redhat.com/support/subscription-benefits/
http://www.redhat.com/about/subscription
http://www.redhat.com/products/jbossenterprisemiddleware/community-enterprise/
others:
http://openstack.redhat.com/Quickstart
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OsQJmipzBYI
Info geral:
http://openstack.redhat.com/Docs
http://www.openstack.org/
https://www.openstack.org/join
http://www.openstack.org/community/ -> events,jobs,
https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Main_Page
http://docs.openstack.org/
http://www.openstack.org/blog/
http://devstack.org/
http://www.trystack.org/
http://www.turnkeylinux.org/
https://github.com/mseknibilel/OpenStack-Grizzly-Install-Guide/tree/master
https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/DevQuickstart
http://docs.openstack.org/trunk/openstack-ops/content/
http://docs.openstack.org/grizzly/openstack-compute/install/apt/content/conf-files.html
http://ilearnstack.com/openstack/