Fiber

A fiber is a fiber or???
Eddie van Born – Managing Consultant

Something about fiber and how to
find out what fiber you really have
in your networks.

8th SEEITA – 7th SEE ICT Forum Meeting & 7th MASIT Open Days Conference
14‐15 October 2010, Ohrid www.seeita.org

What fiber in your network?

• Are you aware of the type(s) of fiber in your
network?
• For sure it is written somewhere in your
Technical List of Requirements?
• And what about the fibers in the network you
just took over?
• Or you are planning a high speed application
and want to be sure that it will work?

We have a solution for you!

• In fact every good instrument manufacturer
can supply you with the right tools.
• Just for showing you how it works we will
show you the things you have to do with a
practical instrument I work with on a regular
base.
• We call this procedure Fiber Characterization.
• Let us have a look how it works.

1. Connect the modules to the
OTDR Module
Event characterization
MTAU
OFI Module
Bi-directional IL/ORL Connect fiber after
connector
ODM Module inspection
Chromatic Dispersion/
PMD/Attenuation profile

BBS Module
Broadband Source


2. Launch the application
Soft key or
Touchscree
n to launch
Select the Link the Script
Characterization
Script use the
navigation keys
or the
touchscreen
Script hard
key to
access
menu


3. Select your test function

• Whatever the available test modules the
script will give you access to the
corresponding test functions
Available test
functions


4. Document your job sequence

Configure test sequence
by selecting the type of
test (cable
commissioning, ring…)

Fill-in the detailed information


5. Configure your summary table
Select the
parameters
being displayed
in the summary
table


6. Start testing


7. Connector inspection

When done, Press to go back to the test sequence


8. OTDR measurement
• Wavelengths
selected from
OTDR test setup
• Acknowledge to
start OTDR
testing
• Automatic
configuration
will start


8. Multi‐wavelength OTDR
acquisition

Multi-wavelength test

Testing in progress


9. IL/ORL measurement
• Wavelengths
selected from OFI
test setup
• Acknowledge to
start OFI testing
• IL and ORL
testing will be
performed


9. IL/ORL acquisition

Multi-wavelength test

Testing in progress


10. PMD measurement
• Activate OBS or
BBS source at far
end
• Select PMD
mode on the
source
• Acknowledge to
start PMD testing


10. PMD test result


11. Attenuation Profile
measurement
• Activate OBS or
BBS source at far
end
• Select AP mode
on the source
• Acknowledge to
start AP testing


11. AP test results


12. Chromatic Dispersion
measurement
• Activate OBS or
BBS source at far
end
• Select CD mode
on the source
• Acknowledge to
start CD testing


12. CD test results


13. Measurement completed


14. Next fibers tested
• The results summary is filled in with the last 5
fiber measurements and the user can scroll up
and down to view the other fibers tested.


Results summary export
• Total test time : minimum 3 minutes per fiber.

• The data is automatically saved in one
directory – no technician intervention
required.
– All raw OTDR, CD, PMD and AP traces are
saved (5 per fiber: 1310 OTDR, 1550 OTDR,
PMD)
– The test set automatically creates a *.txt
file which saves Loss, ORL, CD, PMD and
AP results in pre‐formatted columns.


Now we have the results, or?

• In fact we have only raw data.
• The real work starts now.
• Interpreting the results of the measurement.
• Therefore you need an expert that knows
everything about standards of fiber types.
• He also must be able to combine the results
and make the right conclusions.


Something about fiber:


G.652 Characterization:

• The original G.652.a+b fibres were designed to be
used in the 1310 nm region. They were specified for
1310, 1550 and 1625 nm wavelengths. The newer
water peak less types G.652.c+d have no 1625 nm
specifications anymore. These types can be used for
Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM)
over shorter distances. The typical range is extended
LAN, MAN and access network systems.



• The G.653.a+b fibres were originally designed
for transmission at 1310 and 1550 nm, but
with a zero chromatic dispersion in the 1550
nm region. Typically used for long haul
transmission systems in combination with
Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifiers (EDFA) in the
third window only.



• The G.654 family is intended to be used in the
1550 nm region only without DWDM
applications. It lacks a good performance at
1310 nm and thus can cause problems.
• It can be used with high power lasers and will
not alter as quickly as other types.



• The G.655 fibres are designed for use with
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
(DWDM) systems in combination with long
haul distances. The specifications can be
made spot on for the transmission system
allowing low losses due to low Chromatic
Dispersion compensation losses. The choice is
between positive and negative compensation
for a certain window.


• The G.656 fibres are used for wide band
optical transmission such as CWDM and
DWDM. They avoid a zero chromatic
dispersion slope in the 1460‐1625 nm range.
• This enables operators to compensate only in
one direction with small differences between
the wavelengths.



• The G.657 fibre family is similar to the G.652.d
but is less bend sensitive. Type a can also be
used for CWDM transmission, due to the
absence of a water peak. Type b is for use at
1310, 1550 and 1625 nm only. Typical use
would be access or FTTX.


Conclusions:

• Wa have a lot of different fibers.
• Each has its own characterization.
• Often you will find a mix of fibertypes in your
network.
• The outcome of a measurement as shown
above is the total result of the link.
• An expert is able to tell you what happened
really in this link.

Combine the results:

• Difference in MFD and a non consistent
zerodispersion at your CD result will tell you, that
different types of fibers are involved.
• When the AP result shows a high loss at the
waterpeak region around 1383 nm you will know
that there is an old part G.652.A in the network.
• Sometimes you have to exchange only a smal part of
the link. A good expert will save lots of money for
you.


Recommended testing:


Application and thresholds:


End of presentation!

• Questions?

• If any questions come up later:

• Please send them to: info@fomax.nl


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