Commercially available solid biomass of current geographic origins likely to reach full potential in the future Incremental demand likely to be covered by biomass from developing countries Availability of competitively priced and sustainable biomass from these countries is currently low GDFSUEZ and Solidaridad work together since 2008 to develop basic elements for a sustainable biomass supply chain from Mozambique Approach: addressing and solving uncertainties to reduce risk profile and build viable business cases for Triple bottom line torrefied biomass supply chain from Mozambique Development of a certified, sustainable (triple bottom line) biomass supply chain from agricultural by products and short rotation coppiced trees from smallholder producers in Mozambique, and evaluation of the feasibility of torrefaction under Mozambican circumstances. Two business cases will be developed: 1. Local-to-local supply chain (sustainable charcoal for local application): stepping stone model and learning vehicle 2. Export supply chain (large volumes export commodity for biopower generation): hypothetical - based on some actual building blocks For local to local, encroacher bamboo, next to eucalyptus and sawdust will be used as feedstock. For export, encroacher bamboo will be used. The feedstock and business concept will be according full sustainability guidelines including sustainability assessment.

1. CREATING A SUSTAINABLE
BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAIN IN
MOZAMBIQUE
World Biofuel Markets
13-15 March 2012, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Maarten Gnoth
Manager Sustainability Projects
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

2. CONTEXT
 Commercially available solid biomass of current geographic
origins likely to reach full potential in the future
 Incremental demand likely to be covered by biomass from
developing countries
 Availability of competitively priced and sustainable biomass from
these countries is currently low
 GDF SUEZ and Solidaridad work together since 2008 to develop
basic elements for a sustainable biomass supply chain from
Mozambique
 Approach: addressing and solving uncertainties to reduce risk
profile and build viable business cases
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

3. (JOINT) TRACK RECORD
2008 – 2009: Solidaridad project in Mozambique with
Biopec funding. Main results:
 Improved understanding of Mozambican market potential and
challenges for solid biomass
 Establishment by Solidaridad of Fair Biomass Mozambique (FBM)
Lda. (farmer association company with currently 12 members)
 Development of web-based traceability system
2009 -2012: Solidaridad project with EC funding
Main objectives:
 Development of viable biomass supply chains
for domestic and/or export markets
 Installation of biomass pelletizer at FBM Lda.
 Pilot and role out of agro forestry program
 Policy support to Government of Mozambique
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

4. THE NEXT STEP
2010-2012: joint project ‘Triple bottom line torrefied
biomass supply chain from Mozambique’
Funding from Global Sustainable Biomass Fund:
 Commissioned by Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs
 Executed by Agentschap NL / Agency NL
 Goal: promote production of sustainable
biomass for energy purposes in
developing countries
 50% co-financing for companies,
75% for NGO’s
Our proposal is one of 16 approved,
out of a total of 56
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

5. OBJECTIVE & ACTIVITIES
Objective:
• Development of a certified,
sustainable (triple bottom line) biomass supply chain
from agricultural by products and short rotation coppiced trees from
smallholder producers in Mozambique, and evaluation of the feasibility of
torrefaction under Mozambican circumstances
Activities:
• Developing a bankable business plan for torrefied biomass from
Mozambique
Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2
Sourcing and selection biomass (sustainable, applicable,
feasible)
Building a sustainable biomass supply chain incl. agro forestry
Torrefaction sampling and power station testing
Sustainability assessment, certification and traceability
Financial modeling / Business Case development
• Sharing lessons learned with Government of Mozambique and others
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

6. BIOMASS IDENTIFICATION
• Origination of biomass
• Selection on sourcing, availability & logistics
• Selection available on sustainability criteria
• Selection on local stakeholders
• Sample lab testing on chemical & physical comp.
• Selection on technical applicability for torrefaction
• Selection on technical applicability for co-firing
• Selection on commercial feasibility
• Integrated in business modeling
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

7. BIOMASS SUPPLY CHAIN
BIOMASS FEEDSTOCK LOCAL TO LOCAL
Local cement Soil
Storage Transport Charcoal factory / amendment
Other (Bamboo, bush etc.) power plant ?
Wood (soft/exotic)
EXPORT
Agro residues Smallholders / Outgrowers Transport
Prepared carbon
Storage
Storage at port
CONVERSION
Briquetting Pelletizing
Sea vessel loading
Chipper / cuttermill
SCENARIO 2
Harvesting &
collecting
Torrefaction
Shipping
Transport Blending & Storage
SCENARIO 1
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

8. Business case Local-to-LOCAL
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

9. Business case Local-to-EXPORT
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

10. Business case Local-to-EXPORT
BIOMASS
FEEDSTOCK
Transport
SCENARIO 1
Bamboo Nacala corridor
Storage EXPORT
CONVERSION
SCENARIO 2
Storage at port
Harvesting &
collecting by local population
Chipper / cuttermill Torrefaction &
pelletization Sea vessel loading
Storage
Farmers cooperation in Shipping
bamboo storage Bamboo collection fixed route
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

11. Business case Local-to-EXPORT
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

12. TORREFACTION &
POWER STATION TESTING
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

13. SUSTAINABILITY
Principle Clarification Cramer Corbey RED UK Belgium IWPB
(NTA 8080) (LBE)
GHG
1 BALANCE
Positive CO2 balance of total biomass
supply chain (against conventional)      Will
CARBON
   
Production of biomass not impacting
2 STOCKS high carbon stocks in vegetation & soil
X Will
BIO-
3 DIVERSITY
No production of biomass at protected
or vulnerable biodiversity     X Will
4 SOIL Soil (quality) is maintained or improved   X X X Aim to
5 WATER
Water not exhausted and water quality
maintained or improved  X X X X Aim to
6 AIR Air quality is maintained or improved  X X X X Aim to
 
Preserve food- and local biomass
7 SOCIAL
applications from unfair competition
X X X Aim to
LOCAL
8 WELFARE
Production of biomass contributes to
local prosperity  X X X X Aim to
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

14. BUSINESS CASE DEVELOPMENT
Main findings:
• Theoretical potential biomass in Mozambique is high
• Availability of underutilized biomass does not match minimum scale
for export
• Security of large-scale supply requires nucleus estate
• Logistics and infrastructure are challenging
• Availability of qualified people and service industry is limited
• Complicated legislation for shipping/import torrefied biomass
(MSDS, self-heating test, export/import permits, REACH, IMO etc.)
What is needed to develop an export supply chain of torrefied
biomass from Mozambique?
Our approach:
1. Local-to-local supply chain: stepping stone model and learning vehicle
2. Export supply chain: hypothetical - based on some actual building blocks
GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland

15. GDF SUEZ Energie Nederland