This document compares and contrasts westernization and modernization. It defines westernization as the adoption of western democratic, secular, and free market ideals as well as values like individualism, equality, and constitutionalism. Modernization is defined by criteria like industrialization, urbanization, rational thought, education, communication, and centralized states. The document outlines theories of modernization and westernization in India and concludes that westernization focuses on adopting western behaviors and values in a homogeneous way, while modernization implies positive social and political change leading to heterogeneity.