OEF training 20140115
•
1 like•509 views
This slides deck includes the training materials used for the first face-to-face trainings on Organisational Environmental Footprint of the European Commission Environmental Footprint Pilot Phase.
Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
Similar to OEF training 20140115
Similar to OEF training 20140115 (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
OEF training 20140115
- 2. Agenda • • • • Introductory round table Objectives of the training The process of creating a OEFSR Phases of a OEF study – Goal of the OEF study – Scope of the OEF study o Definition of the OEF sector o Definition of the “representative organisation” model – Resource use and emissions profile – Environmental Footprint Impact Assessment – Interpretation of OEF results 2
- 4. Objectives of the training • Provide guidance on how to conduct an Organisation Environmental Footprint (OEF) study following the OEF Guide with focus on the development of the draft OEFSR • Provide guidance for defining the OEF sector • Provide guidance for defining the “representative organisation” model • Special attention to the OEF screening 2nd face to face training will focus on conducting OEF studies following the specific OEFSR developed for each pilot 4
- 5. The Single Market for Green Products Initiative Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council COM(2013) 196 published on 9 April 2013 • • • • Establishes and recommends two methods to measure environmental performance throughout the life cycle, the Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) and the Organisation Environmental Footprint (OEF) Provides principles for communicating environmental performance, such as transparency, reliability, completeness, comparability and clarity Supports international efforts towards more coordination in methodological development and data availability Announces a three‐year testing period to develop product‐ and sector‐ specific rules (PEFCRs and OEFSRs) through a multi‐stakeholder process 5
- 6. Purpose of OEFSRs Definition: • OEFSR ‐ acronym of Organisation Environmental Footprint Sector Rules • “Sector‐specific, life cycle based rules that complement general methodological guidance for OEF studies by providing further specification at the sectorial level.” Purpose: • To provide sector‐specific guidance for calculating and reporting an organisation’s life cycle environmental impacts • To focus in the most important parameters in determining the environmental performace of an organisation in the given sector • To allow the comparability between OEF calculations within the same sector 6
- 7. The process of creating a OEFSR Focus during this training Define OEF sector From PEFCR guidance document until revised version of OEFSR guidance is available Define the “model” organisation based on representative organisation OEF screening Draft OEFSR OEFSR supporting study Confirmation of benchmark(s) and determination of performance classes Final OEFSR 7
- 8. The Organisation Environmental Footprint (OEF) • is a multi‐criteria measure of the environmental performance of a goods/service‐providing organisation from a life cycle perspective The OEF Guide provides a method for modelling the environmental impacts of the flows of material/energy and the emissions and waste streams associated with an organisation from a life cycle perspective. guidance on how to calculate a OEF, as well as how to develop sector‐specific methodological requirements for use in Organisation Environmental Footprint Category Rules (OEFSRs). 8
- 9. Environmental Footprint Review Phases of a OEF study Define goals of OEF study Define scope of OEF study Create the Resource Use and Emissions Profile Conduct the Environmental Footprint Impact Assessment Environmental Footprint Interpretation and Reporting 9
- 10. Environmental Footprint Review Relation between OEF study & OEFSR development Define goals of OEF study Define the sector Define scope of OEF study Define Organisation “model” based on representative organisation Create the Resource Use and Emissions Profile Conduct the Environmental Footprint Impact Assessment Environmental Footprint Interpretation and Reporting OEF screening Draft OEFSR 10
- 11. Goal of the OEF study Phase in which the aims, breadth and depth of the study are established. Define goals of OEF study Intended application(s) Reason(s) for carrying out the study Target audience(s) Comparative study disclosed to the public? Commissioner Review procedure and requirements (if applicable) 11 Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 12. Goal of the OEF study ‐ Example Aspects Intended application(s): Detail Corporate sustainability reporting Reasons for carrying out the Demonstrate commitment to and practice of study continuous improvement Target audience Customers Comparative study to be disclosed to the public? No, it will be publicly available but it is not intended to be used for comparisons or comparative assertions Commissioner of the study G Company Ltd. Review Independent external reviewer, Mr. Y 12 Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 13. Goal of the OEF study – requirements For OEF study For developing OEFSRs • Intended application(s) • Reasons for carrying out the study and decision context • Target audience • Whether comparisons and/or comparative assertions are to be disclosed to the public • Commissioner of the study • Review procedure (if applicable) • Specification of review requirements for a OEF study • Communication is automatically part of the goals, given the obligatory communication phase 13 Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 14. Scope of the OEF study Define scope of OEF study Definition of organisation and product portfolio Phase in which the scope of the OEF study, the system to be evaluated and the associated analytical specifications are described in detail. System boundaries for OEF studies Select EF Impact Categories Select additional environmental information Assumptions/Limitations 14 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 15. Definition of Organisation and product portfolio What is the “Unit of Analysis” for an Organisational Environmental Footprint? • The Organisation… • … as goods/service provider… • … one year reporting interval Unit of Analysis: Organisation with reference to the Product Portfolio and reporting year 15 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 16. Defining the Organisation – Example 1 • • • • Organisation: Goods/Services provided: Location(s): NACE code(s): Sections: an alphabetical code Divisions: a two‐digit numerical code Groups: a three‐digit numerical code Classes: a four‐digit numerical code Company X T‐shirts and trousers Paris, Berlin, Milan 14 C: Manufactured products 14: Wearing apparel 16 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 17. Product Portfolio • The product portfolio is the amount and nature of goods and services provided by the Organisation in the reporting year in terms of “what” and “how much”. • For modeling use and end‐of‐life scenarios, information on “how well” and “for how long” with respect to product performance shall also be provided. 17 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 19. Defining the Organisation – Example 2 • • • • Organisation: Goods/Services provided: Location(s): NACE code(s): Company X T‐shirts, trousers, handbags, shoes Paris, Berlin, Milan 14 & 15 C: Manufactured products 14: Wearing apparel AND 15: Leather and related products Sections: an alphabetical code Divisions: a two‐digit numerical code Groups: a three‐digit numerical code Classes: a four‐digit numerical code 19 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 21. Defining the organisation (Unit of Analysis) ‐ requirements For OEF study The Organisation shall be defined according to the following: • The name of the Organisation • The kinds of goods/services the Organisation produces • The NACE code(s) 21 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 22. Product Portfolio ‐ requirements For OEF study For developing OEFSRs • Product Portfolio shall be defined • OEFSR shall further specify how as the amount and nature of the Product Portfolio is defined, goods and services provided by with respect to “how well” and the Organisation over the “for how long”. reporting interval in terms of “what” and “how much”. • It shall be justified and reported if an OEF is limited to a subset of the Product Portfolio. 22 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 23. Definition of OEF sector For developing an OEFSR, one must first define a unit of analysis and then identify the related NACE code (at least 2 digits). – The sector shall be defined with reference to the characteristic sectorial Product Portfolio using NACE codes Sector for which the OEFSR apply • by using descriptive language and • with the relevant CPA/NACE code. 23 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 24. Definition of sector – Example of wearing apparel Description of sector: What: Manufacture of all tailoring (ready‐to‐wear or made‐to‐measure), in all materials (e.g. fabric, knitted and crocheted fabrics etc.), except fur and leather, of outerwear and underwear for men, women or children; city or casual clothing. How well: Wear once a week and use washing machine at 30 degrees for cleaning once weekly, the energy use of the washing machine equals 0.72 MJ/kg of clothing and the water use 10 l/kg clothing for one wash cycle. How long: Use stage of five years Sections: an alphabetical code Divisions: a two‐digit numerical code Groups: a three‐digit numerical code Classes: a four‐digit numerical code C: Manufacturing 14: Manufacture of wearing apparel 14.1: Manufacture of wearing apparel, except for fur apparel 14.13 Manufacture of other outerwear 14.14 Manufacture of underwear 24 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 26. System boundaries for OEF studies • System boundaries shall include both: – Organisational boundaries – OEF boundaries 26 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 27. Why Organisational Boundaries and OEF boundaries? • Why define Organisational AND OEF boundaries? – Defining Organisational boundaries is a necessary component of defining the unit of analysis (functional unit and Product Portfolio) – Very helpful in structuring data collection (must collect specific data for all facilities within Organisational boundaries) • OEF boundaries necessary for modeling the supply chain 27 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 32. OEF Boundaries For OEF study For developing OEFSRs • OEF boundaries shall include site level and upstream activities associated with Product Portfolio. Justification shall be provided if downstream activities are excluded. • For Organisations producing intermediate products, the use stage may be excluded from the analysis. • Employee transport shall be included in the analysis, even if these are indirect activities. • OEFSR shall specify the OEF boundary of the supply chain stages to be included; and the direct and indirect processes/activities to be included in OEF study. Any deviation from the default cradle‐to‐grave approach shall explicitly be specified and justified. 32 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 34. EF impact categories and assessment methods – requirements For OEF study For developing OEFSRs • All of the specified default EF impact categories and associated specified EF impact assessment models shall be applied • Any exclusion shall be explicitly documented, justified, reported in the OEF report and supported by appropriate documents. The influence of any exclusion on the final results, especially related to limitations in terms of comparability with other OEF studies, shall be discussed in the interpretation phase and reported. Such exclusions are subject to review. • OEFSRs shall specify and justify any exclusion of the default EF impact categories, especially those related to the aspects of comparability. 34 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 35. Additional environmental information • If the default set of EF impact categories or the default impact assessment models do not properly cover the potential environmental impacts of the Organisation being evaluated, all related relevant (qualitative/quantitative) environmental aspects shall be additionally included. • The supporting models of these additional categories shall be clearly referenced and documented with the corresponding indicators. 35 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 36. Additional environmental information – requirements For OEF study • • • • • • For developing OEFSRs Based on information that is substantiated • and has been reviewed or verified, in accordance with the requirements of ISO 14020 and Clause 5 of ISO 14021:1999 • Specific, accurate and not misleading Relevant to the particular Organisation category Emissions made directly into marine water shall be included in the additional environmental information (at inventory level) All data needed to produce additional environmental information shall meet the same quality requirements established for the data used to calculate the OEF results Shall only be related to environmental issues To specify and justify additional environmental information that is to be included in the OEF study Additional information to be reported separately from the life‐cycle based OEF results, with all methods and assumptions clearly documented 36 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 37. Assumptions and limitations – requirements For OEF study • For developing OEFSRs • All limitations and assumptions shall be transparently reported. The OEFSRs shall report Organisation category‐specific limitations and define the assumptions necessary to overcome the limitations. 37 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 38. Definition of the “representative organisation” • Representative organisation existing in the EU market and belonging to the OEF sector defined • May or may not be a real organisation active on the market – when technologies and the composition of Production Portfolios within the sector are varied, the “representative organisation” may be a virtual (non‐existing) organisation with the average EU sales‐weighted characteristics of all technologies around, using the Product Portfolio as a reference – if the market and technical information is incomplete, a real organisation may be chosen 38 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 39. Definition of “representative organisation” model • The “representative organisation” model report should include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. • Specify if it is a real or a virtual organisation Description of the Product Portfolio Bill of materials (BOM) if appropriate System boundary diagram Assumptions related to transportation systems Assumptions related to use scenario (if relevant) Assumptions related to end of life (if relevant) The screening shall be carried out by the Technical Secretariat based on the “representative organisation”. The choice and modelling of the representative organisation shall be discussed with the relevant stakeholders during the first physical consultation meeting. 39 Scope Goal RU&EP EFIA Interpretation
- 40. Representative Organisation ‐ Example The “representative organisation”: 1. Virtual Organisation 2. Product Portfolio: – What and how much: • 20.000 t‐shirts made of polyester, 30.000 t‐shirts made of cotton, etc. • 30.000 trousers made of polyester, 20.000 trousers made of polyester, etc. • …suits … jackets …pyjamas – How long: use stage of 5 years – How well: wear once per week and use washing machine at 30 degrees Celsius for cleaning once weekly, the energy use of the washing machine equals 0.72 MJ/kg clothing and the water use 10 litres/kg clothing for one wash cycle. 3. Bill of materials (BOM): x ton of polyester, y ton of cotton, etc. 40
- 41. Representative Organisation ‐ Example The “representative organisation”: 4. System boundary diagram 5. Assumptions related to transportation scenario: transported by truck within Europe, z tkm 6. Assumptions related to use scenario: wear once per week and use washing machine at 30oC for cleaning once weekly, the energy use of the washing machine equals 0.72 MJ/kg clothing and the water use 10 litres/kg clothing for one wash cycle 6. Assumptions related to End of Life: 10% re‐use, 15% recycling, 75% incineration and 5% landfill (average Europe) 41
- 42. Resource use and emissions profile Phase involving the compilation and quantification of inputs and outputs, for a given Organisation system throughout its life cycle Resource use and emission profile Screening step (recommended) Data management plan (optional) Resource use and emissions profile data Data quality requirements Specific vs generic data collection Data gaps Multi‐functional processes 42 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 43. Resource use and emissions profile • An inventory (profile) of all material/energy resource inputs/outputs and emissions into air, water and soil for the Organisation supply chain shall be compiled. • The flows included can be categorised as: – Elementary flows ‐ “material or energy entering the system being studied that has been drawn from the environment without previous human transformation, or material or energy leaving the system being studied that is released into the environment without subsequent human transformation.” (ISO 14040:2006, 3.12) – Non‐elementary (or complex) flows ‐ all the remaining inputs (e.g. electricity, materials, transport processes) and outputs (e.g. waste, by‐Organisations) in a system that require further modelling efforts to be transformed into elementary flows. These shall be transformed into elementary flows. 43 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 44. Two steps to compile the Resource Use and Emissions Profile 1. Screening step 2. • Use readily available specific or generic data to populate the Resource Use and Emissions Profile • Apply the environmental footprint impact assessment methods Completing the Resource Use and Emissions Profile • Ensure that the data collected meet the data quality requirements and, where necessary, collect better data • Transform any remaining non‐ elementary flows into elementary flows 44 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 45. RU&EP – 1. Screening step • Identify the processes contributing to at least 90% of the environmental impact because these will need to meet data quality requirements 45 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 46. RU&EP – 1. Screening step – requirements For OEF study For developing OEFSRs • Readily available specific and/or generic data shall be used • All processes and activities to be considered in the RU&EP shall be included • Specify processes to be included • Specify for which processes specific data are required, and for which the use of generic data is either permissible or required 46 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 48. Linear depreciation of capital goods • Example of yarn machine: – Technical lifetime of yarn roasting machine is 15 years – Impact in reporting year: life cycle impact of yarn machine/15 years 48 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 51. Requirements for transport scenarios For OEF study For developing OEFSRs • Transport parameters that shall be taken • The OEFSRs shall specify transport, into account: distribution and storage scenarios − transport type to be included in the OEF study, if − vehicle type and fuel consumption any. − load rate − number of empty returns − transport distance − allocation for goods transport based on load‐ limiting factor − fuel production • Impacts shall be expressed in tkm for goods and person‐km for passenger transport. 51 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 55. Example of use stage scenario for t‐shirts • Service life of t‐shirt: 5 years – Scenario: wear once per week and use washing machine at 30 degrees Celsius for cleaning once weekly, the energy use of the washing machine equals 0.72 MJ/kg clothing and the water use 10 litres/kg clothing for one wash cycle. One t‐shirt weighs 0.16 kg which results in an energy use of 0.12 MJ/week and a water consumption of 1.6 litres/week. – T‐shirt is sold in France, Belgium and the UK with each its own electricity mix • Scenario based on market survey 55 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 56. Requirements for use stage scenarios For OEF study • Method for determining the use stage should be based on technical publications. For developing OEFSRs • The OEFSR shall specify: − The use scenario(s) to be included in the study, if any; − The time span to be considered for the use stage. • If no publications are available the Organisation carrying out the study shall establish the use • Published technical information should be taken into account for the definition of the stage. use‐stage scenarios. • Definition of the use profile should also take into account consumption patterns, location, time, and assumed service life for the use stage of products. The actual usage pattern of the products should be used if available. 56 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 58. RU&EP – End of life • The RU&EP per unit of analysis of products where reuse, recycling or energy recovery of one (or more) of these products is involved is calculated with the following formula: RU&EP from virgin material acquisition and pre‐processing RU&EP associated to the recycled material input The RU&EP arising from the energy recovery process from which avoided emissions arising from the substituted energy source have been subtracted RU&EP from the recycling (or reuse) process from which the credit from avoided virgin material input are subtracted The net RU&EP from the disposal of the fraction of material that has not been recycled (or reused) at EoL or handed over to an energy recovery process 58
- 59. Requirements for End‐of‐Life stage scenarios For OEF study • Waste flows arising from processes included in the system boundaries shall be modeled to the level of elementary flows. For developing OEFSRs • The OEFSR shall define the EOL scenario(s) to be included in the OEF study, if any. • These scenarios shall be based on current (year of analysed time interval) practice, technology and data. 59 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 60. Direct and indirect activities and impacts ‐ requirements OEF requirements The following elements shall be considered for inclusion in the Resource Use and Emissions Profile: • Direct activities and impacts of sources owned and/or operated by the Organisation; • Indirectly attributable upstream activities; • Indirectly attributable downstream activities. 60 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 62. Data quality assessment • Secondary data to represent dyeing process in Germany, year 2010 Quality level Quality rating Completeness Time representativeness Technology representativeness Geographical representativeness Precision / uncertainty Very good 1 90 % 2009‐2012 Discontinuous with airflow dyeing machines Central Europe mix 7% Good 2 [80 % to 90 %) 2006‐2008 e.g. "Consumption mix in EU: 30% Semi‐continuous, 50% exhaust dyeing and 20% Continuous dyeing" EU 27 mix; UK, DE; IT; FR (7 % to 10 %] Fair 3 [70 % to 80 %) 1999‐2005 e.g. "Production mix in EU: 35% Semi‐continuous, 40% exhaust dyeing and 25% Continuous dyeing" Scandinavian Europe; other EU27 countries (10 % to 15 %] Poor 4 [50 % to 70 %) 1990‐1999 e.g. "Exhaust dyeing" Middle east; US; JP (15 % to 25 %] 62 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 63. Data quality calculation DQR TeR GR TiR C P M 6 DQR : Data Quality Rating of the data set; TeR: Technological Representativeness GR: Geographical Representativeness TiR: Time-related Representativeness C: Completeness; P: Precision/uncertainty; M: Methodological appropriateness and consistency 63 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 64. Data quality rating Overall data quality rating (DQR) 1.6 “Excellent quality” >1.6 to 2.0 “Very good quality" >2.0 to 3.0 “Good quality” >3 to 4.0 “Fair quality" >4 “Poor quality” 64 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 65. Data quality requirements for OEF screening • 90% of the environmentally relevant data shall be at least of “fair” quality • Identify the processes contributing to at least 90% of the environmental impact • Do the data quality assessment of those 65 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 67. Data quality – requirements For OEF study For developing OEFSRs • ‘Good’ rating required for data contributing to 70% of each impact and ‘fair’ for 2/3 of the remaining 30%. • Specify more stringent data quality requirements for: − foreground/background processes − key supply chain processes/activities − key impact categories 67 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 68. Data collection • Different ways to obtain data – Specific data • measurements • interviews • annual reports – Generic data • previous LCA studies • LCA databases 68 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 70. Data gaps Data gaps may exist when: Data does not exist for a specific input/output, or Data exists for a similar process but: – The data has been generated in a different region – The data has been generated using a different technology – The data has been generated in a different time period 70 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 71. Data and data gaps–requirements For OEF study For developing OEFSRs • Specific data must be obtained for all significant/relevant foreground processes and for significant background processes • Specify for which processes specific data must be collected and the data collection requirements • Generic data should be used only for background processes but can be used for foreground processes if they are more representative/appropriate than specific data. • Specify where the use of generic data is permitted • Data gaps must be filled using the • Specify potential data gaps and best available generic/extrapolated provide guidance for filling these data. Such processes shall not account gaps. for more than 10% of the overall contribution to each impact 71 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 72. Multi‐functionality • If a process or facility provides more than one function, i.e. it delivers several goods and/or services ("co‐products"), it is “multifunctional” • Must be addressed in OEF studies where: – Jointly owned and/or operated facilities produce goods/services marketed by more than one organisation – A partial OEF study is undertaken – Sourcing data sets for inputs from multi‐functional processes – Disaggregating data to the product level for “downstream” modelling 72 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 73. Multi‐functionality ‐ Example 1 Multi‐functionality solutions in a jointly owned textile factory • Y Co. manufactures trousers, X Co. manufactures t‐shirts 1. 2. 3. Can the lines be subdivided (i.e. trousers and t‐shirts produced on separate production lines, hence inventories can be isolated)? Is system expansion + substitution feasible/suitable (can independent production of t‐shirts elsewhere be modelled?) Is allocation based on a relevant, underlying physical relationship feasible/suitable? • Mass of fabric used • Production time required • Other? 4. Is allocation based on some other relationship feasible/suitable? 73 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 75. Multi‐functionality – requirements For OEF study For developing OEFSRs • Multifunctional hierarchy: − Subdivision/system expansion − Allocation based on relevant physical relationship − Allocation based on some other relationship (economic value) • Specify multi‐functionality solutions 75 RU&EP Goal Scope EFIA Interpretation
- 79. 1. Classification RU&EP Impacts Land Land use Water Resource depletion, Water use Oil Resource depletion Cu Climate change CFC Ozone layer depletion Pb Human toxicity CO2 Eutrophication P Particulate matter formation PM2.5 … 79 EFIA Goal Scope RU&EP Interpretation
- 80. 2. Characterisation • Example: climate change Emissions into the atmosphere Time integrated concentration Radiative forcing Climate change Effects on ecosystems Net primary Organisation ion Changing biomes Effects on humans Wild fires Other impacts Mal‐ nutrition Flooding Infectious diseases Heat stress Decreasing biodiversity 80 EFIA Goal Scope RU&EP Interpretation
- 81. 2. Characterisation RU&EP Climate change 1.0 kg CO2 0.01 kg SO2 0.005 kg N2O 0.004 kg x1 Acidification Particulate matter = 1.0 PM2.5 x 1.31 X 298 x 0.061 = 0.00061 x 0.74 = 1.49 = 0.0131 = 0.0037 x 0.0072 = 0.000036 x 1 + Characterised results 2.49 kg CO2‐eq. = 0.004 + 0.0168 + 0.0046 mol H+‐eq. kg PM2.5‐eq. 81 EFIA Goal Scope RU&EP Interpretation
- 82. 3. Normalisation RU&EP Climate change 1.0 kg 0.01 kg SO2 0.005 kg N2O 0.004 kg x1 CO2 Acidification Particulate matter = 1.0 PM2.5 x 1.31 X 298 x 0.061 = 0.00061 x 0.74 = 1.49 = 0.0131 = 0.0037 x 0.0072 = 0.000036 x 1 + Characterised results 2.49 Normalisation factor / 6803 Normalised results 0.000366 person*year + + kg CO2‐eq. kg CO2‐eq./ person*year = 0.004 0.0168 49.44 mol H+‐eq./ person*year 0.00034 / mol H+‐eq. 0.0046 person*year 2.746 kg PM2.5‐eq./ person*year 0.00169 / kg PM2.5‐eq. person*year 82 EFIA Goal Scope RU&EP Interpretation
- 83. 4. Weighting LCI results Climate change 1.0 kg CO2 0.01 kg SO2 0.005 kg N2O 0.004k g x1 Acidification Particulate matter = 1.0 PM2.5 x 1.31 x 298 x 0.061 = 0.00061 x 0.74 = 1.49 = 0.0131 = 0.0037 x 0.0072 = 0.000036 x 1 + Characterised results Normalised results Weighting factor = 0.004 + + 2.49 kg CO2‐eq. 0.0168 mol H+‐eq. 0.0046 kg PM2.5‐eq. 0.000366 person*year 0.00034 person*year 0.00169 person*year x1 x1 x1 + Weighted results 0.0024 83 EFIA Goal Scope RU&EP Interpretation
- 84. Phase that serves to ensure that the performance of the OEF model corresponds to the goals and quality requirements of the study and to derive robust conclusions and recommendations from the analysis. Interpretation of PEF results Interpretation of OEF results Model robustness Identification of hotspots Estimation of uncertainty Conclusions, recommendations and limitations Interpretation Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA 84
- 85. Robustness of model • Completeness check – To ensure the resource use and emissions profile is complete i.e. completeness of process coverage and input/output coverage • Sensitivity check – To assess to what extent the results are determined by specific methodological choices and the impact of implementing alternative choices • Consistency check – To determine whether the assumptions, methods and data are consistent with the goal and scope. Interpretation Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA 85
- 86. Identification of hotspots • • Important contributions from inputs/outputs, from processes and from supply chain stages These can be identified by analysing the contributions for each EF impact category The OEF screening shall pre‐identify the following information: Most relevant life cycle stages Most relevant processes Most relevant impact categories Interpretation Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA 86
- 87. Identification of hotspots‐ Example The OEF screening shall pre‐identify the following information: Most relevant life cycle stages Most relevant processes T‐shirt creation T‐shirt use Reference: http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/research/documents/missionlinen_brief.pdf Interpretation Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA 87
- 89. Uncertainty sources • Stochastic uncertainty – Variance in data • Choice‐related uncertainties – Arise from methodological choices. These can be assessed via scenario model assessments and sensitivity analyses Interpretation Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA 89
- 90. Uncertainty analysis • Understand variance in specific output result 50 – ‘120 kg CO2’ would then become something like ‘120 kg CO2 with standard deviation of 10 kg’ • Understand if differences between Organisations is statistically significant 40 30 20 10 – difference should be 90% 0 product A product B Interpretation Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA 90
- 92. Interpretation of OEF results – requirements For OEF study For developing OEFSRs • Assessment of model robustness using completeness, sensitivity and consistency checks • Identification of hotspots at level of • Identify most relevant environmental inputs/outputs, processes and supply impact categories for the sector. chain • Description of choice related uncertainties and inventory data • Describe the uncertainties common to the Organisation category and identify the range results could be seen as being significantly different Interpretation Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA 92
- 93. Template for OEFSR • It will soon be provided by the Commission Environmental Footprint team in an update of the document “Guidance for the implementation of the EU PEF during the EF pilot phase” Interpretation Goal Scope RU&EP EFIA 93
- 94. 94