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Ebooks and Privacy
Why privacy matters


  “Lack of privacy and
       confidentiality
  chills users’ choices,
  thereby suppressing
    access to ideas.”




  http://www.ala.org/offices/oif/ifissues/privacyconfidential
What does your ereader/tablet know about
you?
What does your ereader/tablet know about
you?




     Depending on the capabilities of the
       device, and the manufacturer’s
        practices, potentially LOTS!
Where you are…




“And it's not just what pages you read; [the
 device] may also monitor where you read
                               them.”
 http://www.npr.org/2010/12/15/132058735/is-your-e-book-reading-up-on-
What you like to read…
…and, where in the book you stopped
reading, how fast you read, etc.
What music you listen to…
What movies you like…
Credit card information
Credit card information


Barnes & Noble
requires
a valid credit
card to be
on the device,
even to use the
Overdrive app.
Ereaders and tablets are computers.
Over networks, computers talk to one
another
Most ereading devices can use wi-fi to
access the web
Wi-fi:
         •Allows wireless connection
         to a computer network
         •Local
             •Restaurants
             •Coffee shops
             •Bookstores
             •Libraries
             •Offices
         •Some devices
         automatically connect to wi-
         fi when they detect it (smart
         phones, tablets)
Some ereading devices can use 3G
3G: “third-generation” cellular system

                        •Available essentially
                        anywhere
                        •Tablets/smart phones
                            •tied to wireless
                            provider’s data plan (not
                            free)
                        •Kindle
                            •Not tied to wireless
                            provider
                            •Free
                            •3G-capable Kindle
                            models default to 3G if
                            wi-fi is not available
Who does your device talk to?
Whoa! Really?
 What else            Well, Jeff,
does she like           she’s
                        really
  to read?             into…
For some devices, the manufacturer can
contact the device…
…and alter it without the user’s knowledge.
…and alter it without the user’s knowledge.




  Amazon removed
  copies of George
 Orwell’s novels from
 Kindles without their
owners’ knowledge, let
  alone permission
It’s all nice and legal.




“Barnes & Noble.com reserves the right to automatically
update, modify and/or reinstall the Barnes & Noble
eReader Software. “




         http://www.barnesandnoble.com/include/terms_of_us
Because you gave them permission.




“By visiting any area on the Barnes & Noble.com Site,
creating an account, [blah blah blah blah blah blah],a
User is deemed to have accepted the Terms of Use.”




        http://www.barnesandnoble.com/include/terms_of_us
Does anyone care about ereaders and
privacy?
Does anyone care?




      Do a search for
      “ereaders” and
         “privacy”
You won’t find much
Everything you find refers to this:
The Electronic Frontier Foundation
compared manufacturers’ privacy policies
Overdrive and privacy




“When a visitor borrows an eBook or other digital item
  from a library or school catalog, OverDrive does not
  collect or maintain any personal information.”



 http://overdriveblogs.com/library/2011/10/04/a-note-on-library-patron-and-
 student-privacy/
Overdrive and privacy



“In order to check out or place a hold on a title… we
  validate the status of a visitor’s library card (active or
  inactive), but do not obtain any information regarding
  their identity from this process.”



 http://overdriveblogs.com/library/2011/10/04/a-note-on-library-patron-and-
 student-privacy/
Overdrive and privacy




“…third-parties may require visitors to register using an
 email address to access their software or services.”




 http://overdriveblogs.com/library/2011/10/04/a-note-on-library-patron-and-
 student-privacy/
Overdrive and privacy



   Added Google Analytics to Overdrive Media Console
    in Oct. 2012
       Unclear what data is being gathered

   Amazon gets transaction information when Kindle-
    format ebooks are checked out via Overdrive
    http://www.infodocket.com/2012/10/12/overdrive-releases-updated-media-
    console-app-also-releases-app-for-kindle-fire/
Patrons move from one privacy policy to
another
Patrons move from one privacy policy to
another



                      “The notice…is an explicit
                      acknowledgement that
                      neither a library’s nor
                      OverDrive’s privacy policy
                      applies to library patrons
                      accessing titles via the
                      Kindle.”
Is this Big Brother?
Is this Big Brother?


“the information could be subpoenaed
     to check someone's alibi, or as
          evidence in a lawsuit.”




 http://www.npr.org/2010/12/15/132058735/is-your-e-book-reading-up-on-
This IS “Big Content”
This IS “Big Content”
This IS “Big Content”
What’s a reader to do?


   Understand device manufacturer’s privacy policies

   Understand the risk before buying

   Wait to buy an ereader
What’s a library to do?
   Understand privacy policies.

   Ask vendors about the technologies that are being
    implemented.

   Communicate privacy concerns to vendors.

   Turn down vendors that cannot satisfy privacy
    concerns.
Further reading
 E-Reader Privacy Chart, 2012 Edition
https://www.eff.org/pages/reader-privacy-chart-2012

A Note on Library Patron and Student Privacy by
  Lindsey Levinsohn
http://overdriveblogs.com/library/2011/10/04/a-note-on-
  library-patron-and-student-privacy/

Is Your E-Book Reading Up On You? by Martin Kaste
http://www.npr.org/2010/12/15/132058735/is-your-e-
  book-reading-up-on-you
Further reading
OverDrive, Amazon Privacy Disclaimer Pops Up in
  Wisconsin; in Virginia, Questions About Catalog
  Disparities by Michael Kelley
http://www.thedigitalshift.com/2011/12/ebooks/overdriv
  e-amazon-privacy-disclaimer-pops-up-in-wisconsin-
  in-virginia-questions-about-catalog-disparities/

Privacy and Confidentiality by the American Library
  Association
http://www.ala.org/offices/oif/ifissues/privacyconfidentia
  lity

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Ereaders and privacy

  • 2. Why privacy matters “Lack of privacy and confidentiality chills users’ choices, thereby suppressing access to ideas.” http://www.ala.org/offices/oif/ifissues/privacyconfidential
  • 3. What does your ereader/tablet know about you?
  • 4. What does your ereader/tablet know about you? Depending on the capabilities of the device, and the manufacturer’s practices, potentially LOTS!
  • 5. Where you are… “And it's not just what pages you read; [the device] may also monitor where you read them.” http://www.npr.org/2010/12/15/132058735/is-your-e-book-reading-up-on-
  • 6. What you like to read…
  • 7. …and, where in the book you stopped reading, how fast you read, etc.
  • 8. What music you listen to…
  • 9. What movies you like…
  • 11. Credit card information Barnes & Noble requires a valid credit card to be on the device, even to use the Overdrive app.
  • 12. Ereaders and tablets are computers.
  • 13. Over networks, computers talk to one another
  • 14. Most ereading devices can use wi-fi to access the web
  • 15. Wi-fi: •Allows wireless connection to a computer network •Local •Restaurants •Coffee shops •Bookstores •Libraries •Offices •Some devices automatically connect to wi- fi when they detect it (smart phones, tablets)
  • 16. Some ereading devices can use 3G
  • 17. 3G: “third-generation” cellular system •Available essentially anywhere •Tablets/smart phones •tied to wireless provider’s data plan (not free) •Kindle •Not tied to wireless provider •Free •3G-capable Kindle models default to 3G if wi-fi is not available
  • 18. Who does your device talk to? Whoa! Really? What else Well, Jeff, does she like she’s really to read? into…
  • 19. For some devices, the manufacturer can contact the device…
  • 20. …and alter it without the user’s knowledge.
  • 21. …and alter it without the user’s knowledge. Amazon removed copies of George Orwell’s novels from Kindles without their owners’ knowledge, let alone permission
  • 22. It’s all nice and legal. “Barnes & Noble.com reserves the right to automatically update, modify and/or reinstall the Barnes & Noble eReader Software. “ http://www.barnesandnoble.com/include/terms_of_us
  • 23. Because you gave them permission. “By visiting any area on the Barnes & Noble.com Site, creating an account, [blah blah blah blah blah blah],a User is deemed to have accepted the Terms of Use.” http://www.barnesandnoble.com/include/terms_of_us
  • 24. Does anyone care about ereaders and privacy?
  • 25. Does anyone care? Do a search for “ereaders” and “privacy”
  • 27. Everything you find refers to this:
  • 28. The Electronic Frontier Foundation compared manufacturers’ privacy policies
  • 29.
  • 30. Overdrive and privacy “When a visitor borrows an eBook or other digital item from a library or school catalog, OverDrive does not collect or maintain any personal information.” http://overdriveblogs.com/library/2011/10/04/a-note-on-library-patron-and- student-privacy/
  • 31. Overdrive and privacy “In order to check out or place a hold on a title… we validate the status of a visitor’s library card (active or inactive), but do not obtain any information regarding their identity from this process.” http://overdriveblogs.com/library/2011/10/04/a-note-on-library-patron-and- student-privacy/
  • 32. Overdrive and privacy “…third-parties may require visitors to register using an email address to access their software or services.” http://overdriveblogs.com/library/2011/10/04/a-note-on-library-patron-and- student-privacy/
  • 33. Overdrive and privacy  Added Google Analytics to Overdrive Media Console in Oct. 2012  Unclear what data is being gathered  Amazon gets transaction information when Kindle- format ebooks are checked out via Overdrive http://www.infodocket.com/2012/10/12/overdrive-releases-updated-media- console-app-also-releases-app-for-kindle-fire/
  • 34. Patrons move from one privacy policy to another
  • 35. Patrons move from one privacy policy to another “The notice…is an explicit acknowledgement that neither a library’s nor OverDrive’s privacy policy applies to library patrons accessing titles via the Kindle.”
  • 36. Is this Big Brother?
  • 37. Is this Big Brother? “the information could be subpoenaed to check someone's alibi, or as evidence in a lawsuit.” http://www.npr.org/2010/12/15/132058735/is-your-e-book-reading-up-on-
  • 38. This IS “Big Content”
  • 39. This IS “Big Content”
  • 40. This IS “Big Content”
  • 41. What’s a reader to do?  Understand device manufacturer’s privacy policies  Understand the risk before buying  Wait to buy an ereader
  • 42. What’s a library to do?  Understand privacy policies.  Ask vendors about the technologies that are being implemented.  Communicate privacy concerns to vendors.  Turn down vendors that cannot satisfy privacy concerns.
  • 43. Further reading  E-Reader Privacy Chart, 2012 Edition https://www.eff.org/pages/reader-privacy-chart-2012 A Note on Library Patron and Student Privacy by Lindsey Levinsohn http://overdriveblogs.com/library/2011/10/04/a-note-on- library-patron-and-student-privacy/ Is Your E-Book Reading Up On You? by Martin Kaste http://www.npr.org/2010/12/15/132058735/is-your-e- book-reading-up-on-you
  • 44. Further reading OverDrive, Amazon Privacy Disclaimer Pops Up in Wisconsin; in Virginia, Questions About Catalog Disparities by Michael Kelley http://www.thedigitalshift.com/2011/12/ebooks/overdriv e-amazon-privacy-disclaimer-pops-up-in-wisconsin- in-virginia-questions-about-catalog-disparities/ Privacy and Confidentiality by the American Library Association http://www.ala.org/offices/oif/ifissues/privacyconfidentia lity