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Beginning Farmer Livestock 2: Feeding Your Goat

  • 1. 4/9/2013 Feeding Your Goat R E A D I N G F E E D T A G S Common Sense Meat Goat-Nutrition 1
  • 2. 4/9/2013 Nutrient Requirements for Goats • Water • Energy • Protein • Fats • Minerals • Vitamins Water • Though the cheapest of the nutrients it is commonly the most overlooked. – Intake (need) varies by . . . • Moisture in feed • Goats should be given free choice to clean fresh water at all times. • A mature goat will consume between ¾ to 1 ½ gallons per day. • As temperatures increase over 70 degrees water intake will climb substantially • If water intake is decreased feed intake will also be decreased. 2
  • 3. 4/9/2013 Requirements: Mature Doe Maintenance 110 vs 132 Body Weight (lb) DMI (lb) TDN (lb) CP (lb) TDN (%) CP (%) 110 2.18 1.17 0.15 53.6 6.9 132 2.51 1.32 0.17 52.6 6.8 Important Points The highest energy requirement time for the Doe is late pregnancy This is different than with the ewe and cow. Watch feed intake carefully with pregnant does Don’t let Does get too fat. 3
  • 4. 4/9/2013 Practical Dietary Recommendations for Feeding Goats. Class of Goat % Protein %TDN Growing kids, dry does, and bucks 9-10 54-58 Pregnant goats 10-11 56-60 Lactating goats 12-13 62-68 Source: Pinkerton and Pinkerton, 2000 Acidosis occurs when goats eat too much feed with high levels of starch or sugar. This includes grains, grain by- products and vegetable parts. This makes the rumen more acidic and gives the goat a stomach ache. 4
  • 5. 4/9/2013 Enterotoxemia is caused by an organism that is normally present in the intestine of goats. When a goats feeding schedule is changed suddenly or large amounts of grain are consumed the organism will grow rapidly and produce a toxin that causes death in a few hours. Urinary Calculi is found only in male animals. Similar to kidney stones in humans, this disease is the formation of stones in the urinary tract. Calculi results from high phosphorus levels and an imbalance of phosphorus and calcium levels in the feed ration. Make sure that feed rations have a 2:1 calcium:phosphorus ratio, and 10 to 15 pounds of ammonium chloride per ton of feed. This, along with plenty of fresh drinking water will help to prevent calculi from forming. Coccidiosis is caused by a tiny parasite which lives in the cells of the goat’s intestine. The severity of the disease depends on the number of parasites living in the intestines. If the diseased goat becomes stressed the symptoms become worse and other diseases may be contracted. 5
  • 6. 4/9/2013 Soremouth is a viral disease found in sheep and goats. The virus can live for long periods of time in the soil and equipment in a barn or corral. The symptoms are thick, scabby sores that can be found on the lips and gums of an animal. In severe cases the sores can be found on the udders of does. These sores are painful and make nursing impossible. Adult goats will develop immunity to a disease if they are continually exposed to the virus. A vaccine can be given to kid goats within a month of age. Once an animal has developed the disease, treatment is of little help. Softening ointment on the sores may be helpful. Most importantly make sure that the animal is still eating and drinking water. Caseous lymphadenitis (CL) can be contracted when goats eat contaminated feeds or through breaks in the skin. There is even some proof that the bacteria can enter unbroken skin. The disease is caused by a fairly common bacteria found in the soil. Aging Goats Teeth By 6