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Digital literacies and the myth of digital
                  natives
                Reijo Kupiainen
A Magazine Is an iPad That Does Not Work
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXV-yaFmQNk)
”Digital natives” are said to…


   1. constitute a homogeneous generation
      that speaks a different ”technological”
      language
   2. have different learning styles
   3. demand a new way of teaching and
      learning
“…with peer production we
    will harness human skill,
   ingenuity and intelligence
       more efficiently and
  effectively than anything we
     have witnessed before”



Source: Don Tapscott & Anthony D. Williams (2006), Wikinomics
‘Ladder of opportunities’
             type of opportunities taken up by 9-10 yrs old



                                  Visited chat room; Used file-sharing sites; Created a
                       <20% character, pet or avatar; Spent time in a virtual world; Written
                                                  a blog or online diary
Percentage of           Played games with other people online; Downloaded music or films;
 children on       35% Shared photos, videos or music with others; Used a webcam; Posted
  the levels                                a message on a website

             40%     Visited social networking profile; Used instant messaging; Sent/received
                                      emails; Read, watched the news online

       50%                                Watched video clips


100%                          Used the internet for school work;
                      Played games on your own or against the computer
”Culture is more
            participatory now than it
            was under old regimes of
              media power in many
             places. Yet we are long
            way away from anything
                 approaching full
                  participation."




Source: Henry Jenkins, Sam Ford & Joshua Green (2013). Spreadable Media.
             Creating Value and Meaning in a Networked Culture
“Literacies are bound up
   with social, institutional and
    cultural relationships, and
      can only be understood
      when they are situated
    within their social, cultural
     and historical contexts.”



Source: Colin Lankshear & Michele Knobel (2006). New Literacies:
Everyday Practices and Classroom Learning
Girl, age 14

 “Usually I draw Italy
in a way that it shouts
  ‘pasta’ but now for
some reason I draw it
    to shout ‘swede
         pureé.

   This one friend of
mine drew Latvia that
 has this ‘kolkol’-aura
  when normally it is
that ‘sob,’ scared and
 shivering, because it
   has had traumas
  from Russia.... We
    really had fun.”
”Everyday creativity refers to a process which brings together

  at least one active human mind, and the material or digital

world, in the activity of making something. The activity has not

been done in this way by this person (or these people) before.

The process may arouse various emotions, such as excitement

  and frustration, but most especially a feeling of joy. When

witnessing and appreciating the output, people may sense the

    presence of the maker, and recognize those feelings.”




  Source: David Gauntlett (2011). Making is connecting. The social meaning of creativity
Some principles of digital literacy


  • Joyful and embodied use of material stuff
  • Spreadability: technical and cultural
    potential to share content for one’s
    own purposes
  • Responsibility in digital environments
Thanks!
reijo.kupiainen@aalto.fi

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Digital literacies and the myth of digital natives

  • 1. Digital literacies and the myth of digital natives Reijo Kupiainen
  • 2. A Magazine Is an iPad That Does Not Work (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXV-yaFmQNk)
  • 3. ”Digital natives” are said to… 1. constitute a homogeneous generation that speaks a different ”technological” language 2. have different learning styles 3. demand a new way of teaching and learning
  • 4. “…with peer production we will harness human skill, ingenuity and intelligence more efficiently and effectively than anything we have witnessed before” Source: Don Tapscott & Anthony D. Williams (2006), Wikinomics
  • 5. ‘Ladder of opportunities’ type of opportunities taken up by 9-10 yrs old Visited chat room; Used file-sharing sites; Created a <20% character, pet or avatar; Spent time in a virtual world; Written a blog or online diary Percentage of Played games with other people online; Downloaded music or films; children on 35% Shared photos, videos or music with others; Used a webcam; Posted the levels a message on a website 40% Visited social networking profile; Used instant messaging; Sent/received emails; Read, watched the news online 50% Watched video clips 100% Used the internet for school work; Played games on your own or against the computer
  • 6. ”Culture is more participatory now than it was under old regimes of media power in many places. Yet we are long way away from anything approaching full participation." Source: Henry Jenkins, Sam Ford & Joshua Green (2013). Spreadable Media. Creating Value and Meaning in a Networked Culture
  • 7. “Literacies are bound up with social, institutional and cultural relationships, and can only be understood when they are situated within their social, cultural and historical contexts.” Source: Colin Lankshear & Michele Knobel (2006). New Literacies: Everyday Practices and Classroom Learning
  • 8. Girl, age 14 “Usually I draw Italy in a way that it shouts ‘pasta’ but now for some reason I draw it to shout ‘swede pureé. This one friend of mine drew Latvia that has this ‘kolkol’-aura when normally it is that ‘sob,’ scared and shivering, because it has had traumas from Russia.... We really had fun.”
  • 9. ”Everyday creativity refers to a process which brings together at least one active human mind, and the material or digital world, in the activity of making something. The activity has not been done in this way by this person (or these people) before. The process may arouse various emotions, such as excitement and frustration, but most especially a feeling of joy. When witnessing and appreciating the output, people may sense the presence of the maker, and recognize those feelings.” Source: David Gauntlett (2011). Making is connecting. The social meaning of creativity
  • 10. Some principles of digital literacy • Joyful and embodied use of material stuff • Spreadability: technical and cultural potential to share content for one’s own purposes • Responsibility in digital environments