1. MEVELLE L. ASUNCION
ETHICAL SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT

2. KANT’S ETHICS
 Immanuel Kant
 Deontologism- duty- obligation
 Intuitionism, internal motive must be good
 Motivist theory
A man performs a moral act if and only if one does whatever
one is obliged to do

3. KANT’S ETHICS
2 type of of acts
1. Act done in accord with duty
 Doctor performs his functions out of fear of
being accused of negligence
2. Act done from a sense of duty
 Doctors act if they recognize that there is
special obligation to their patients because
of their relationships with them

4. KANT’S ETHICS
 It is always wrong to lie (giving placebo)
 Treat people as ends not as means
 Act only on that maxim which can and at the
same time will become a universal law
 Always act as to treat humanity as and end
and never as only means

5. ROSS ETHICS
 Rule deontology
 Reject utilitarian precept
 Good------- happiness in the end
 Actual duty
 Prima facie duty
 Example
 Act with the more stringent/stronger duty
 Ex: pt ask you, am I going to die?
 Actual duty - tell the truth
 Prima facie duty  give comfort of the mind

6. PRIMA FACIE DUTY BY ROSS
1. Duty of fidelity
2. Duty of reparation/compensation
3. Duty of gratitude
4. Duty of justice
5. Duty of beneficence
6. Duty of self improvement
7. Duty of non maleficence

7. RAWLS THEORY OF JUSTICE
 Hypothetical situation
 Under the veil of ignorance
 Man is rational and self-interested
 Social justice
 Individual is inviolable
 Erroneous theory is tolerable in the absence
of good one
 Individual liberty should be restricted in order
to maintain equality of oppurtunity.