1. The “Espresso GUIDE” TO SON
Mindspeed Technologies
Mobile World Congress
Feb 27 - March 1, 2012
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2. Introductions
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3. Agenda
 What is SON?
 Why do we need SON?
 How? SON implementation
 A deeper dive :
SON techniques for Interference
Management
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4. WHAT and Why?
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5. What is SON?
eNB power on
(or cable connected)
a-1 : configuration of IP address
(A) Basic Setup and detection of OAM
a-2 : authentication of eNB/NW
a-3 : association to aGW
Self-Configuration
(pre-operational state) a-4 : downloading of eNB software
(and operational parameters)
(B) Initial Radio b-1 : neighbour list configuration
Configuration
b-2 : coverage/capacity related
parameter configuration
Self-Optimisation
(operational state)
(C) Optimization / c-1 : neighbour list optimisation
Adaptation
c-2 : coverage and capacity control
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6. Why do we need SON?
“About 17 % of wireless operator’s “About 24 % of a typical wireless
CAPEX is spent on engineering and operator’s revenue goes to network
installation services” OPEX”
Self Optimisation and Energy
Self Configuration Reduces CAPEX
Saving Reduces OPEX
Plan Deploy Optimise Maintain
“SON will improve the operational Self Optimisation and Self Healing
efficiency by >60%” Improves User Experience
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7. A new problem…
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8. The reality of the macro network
Source: Arthur D Little
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9. So femtocells… and they “SON”
 plug-in and turn on
 connects through broadband
 ipsec tunnel established to carrier
 remote management
 listens to network environment
 Adjusts and adapts: power levels;
carrier; codes
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10. Femtocell SON/RRM Development
Deployment Modelling
System Test
IOT and
3GPP H(e)NB Recommendations
FAP and
Carrier Integration
Verification
Femto Forum Recommendations
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11. Implementing son
Measurements, Interfaces, Architectures
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12. General 3GPP OAM scenario layout
SON: Centralised, Distributed or Hybrid?
OSS Layer Home NEM and NE
Umbrella
Systems
NEM
ltf-N NEM
Supplier A
NEM
Network Supplier A
ltf-P2P Supplier A
Element NEM NEM
Mgmt Supplier A Supplier B
Layer Femto
GW
Macro NE Layer
X2
eNB eNB eNB eNB
HeNB HeNB
Supplier A Supplier A Supplier B Supplier B
Only these two are standardised: the rest are vendor-specific
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13. Categories of SON functionality
 Stand-alone use cases
 Admission Control, Automatic Generation of
Default Parameters, Load Balancing, Handover
optimisation
 Integration use cases
 Load Balancing AND Handover optimisation
 SON coordination
 an overall framework for the coordination
between use cases.
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14. Measurements Types
 Counters
 Key Performance Indicator (KPI)
 Alarms
 Timers
 Measurements
 Statistics
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15. Measurement Sources and Targets
 Affected eNodeB:
 the eNodeB which is affected by the SON use case
 Neighbouring eNodeB:
 eNodeBs that are neighbours of the affected eNodeB, e.g.
those with a handover relationship
 UE served by the affected eNodeB
 UE served by neighbour cells that still receives and
decodes information from the affected eNodeB
 The access gateway(s) (aGW) to which the eNodeB is
connected
 The OAM fault management system: Alarms
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16. KEEP the
noise down!
Interference Mitigation
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17. Deployment Considerations
Separation between Femto AP
Femto can be on a dedicated
and macrocell
carrier frequency or co-channel
with macro layer.
Shared or Dedicated carrier Neighbour
macrocell
Femto UE Femto AP
Indoors or outdoors
Macro UE
Indoors or outdoors
Open, Closed or Hybrid Access
“Hybrid” access added in Rel-9 – allows all
UEs access the femto but gives priority
(higher QoS, etc) to those in the “Closed
Subscriber Group”
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18. An interference scenario
 UE Registered in HeNB is radiating at a power level that can be
received by the Macro eNodeB
 This is received as noise by Macro eNodeB and makes it more
difficult to listen to the UEs camping on it
 Depending on the interference level, Macro eNodeB would tell
UEs to raise their power levels
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19. Key interference scenarios (3GPP)
Aggressor Victim
1 UE attached to Home eNode B Macro eNode B
2 Home eNode B UE attached to Macro eNode B
3 UE attached to Macro eNode B Home eNode B
4 Macro eNode B UE attached to Home eNode B
5 UE attached to Home eNode B Home eNode B
6 Home eNode B UE attached to Home eNode B
1
Attached
6 BS Victim
4 UE Victim
2
5
3
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20. System Modelling
 Femto houses , apartments and enterprise offices
dropped within macro coverage area
10 m
10 m
10 m
house
10 m
Max femto BS
area 10 m
2 apartment “stripes” with multiple floors
Max UE area
house
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21. Indoor Wireless Modelling
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22. Discovering the world around you
 UE measurements
 LTE provides significant improvements (MDT)
 Continuous Network Monitor
 UE receive chain regular scans for surrounding
base stations
 Detection of Victim UEs
 Continuous monitoring for UE transmission to
other basestations
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23. Victim UE Detection (BEFORE)
Transmit
Power
Neighbour
macrocell
S I
Femto UE Femto AP
“Victim” Macro UE
Macro Deadzone
Macro DL SINR < threshold
S I Nasdaq: MSPD

24. Victim UE Detection (SON!)
Transmit
Power
Neighbour
macrocell
S I
Femto UE Femto AP Uplink
Transmissions
“Victim” Macro UE
Macro Deadzone
Macro DL SINR < threshold
S I Nasdaq: MSPD

25. Victim UE Detection (AFTER)
Transmit
Power
Neighbour
macrocell
S I
Femto UE Femto AP
“Victim” Macro UE
Macro Deadzone
Macro DL SINR < threshold
S I Nasdaq: MSPD

26. Summary
 SON is an essential component of any new
network rollout
 Small cells are an essential component of
any new network rollout
 High scalability SON is a MUST!
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27. Understand Carriers Problems & Solutions
Received signal strength for Bath Macro + metro
600 20
650
0
500
-20
450
metres
dBm
-40
400
350 -60
300
-80
250
-100
200
150 200 250 300 350 400
metres
HetNet Coverage and Capacity ScenarioHandover/SHO and Hierarchical Cell Behaviour
Carriers will talk if you are sharing interesting information Nasdaq: MSPD

28. The “Espresso GUIDE” to SON
Mindspeed Technologies
Mobile World Congress 2012
Nasdaq: MSPD